Miyar ma'adinai wani aiki ne na samarwa wanda ke shirya kayan aiki don narkar da ƙarfe da masana'antar sinadarai. Yin amfani da ƙura ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mahimman hanyoyin sarrafa ma'adanai. Kusan dukkan albarkatun ma'adinai za a iya raba su ta amfani da flotation.
A halin yanzu ana amfani da flotation sosai wajen sarrafa ma'adanai na ƙarfe waɗanda ƙarfe da manganese suka mamaye, kamar su hematite, smithsonite, da ilmenite; ma'adanai na ƙarfe masu daraja kamar zinariya da azurfa; ma'adanai na ƙarfe marasa ƙarfe waɗanda suka haɗa da jan ƙarfe, gubar, zinc, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, da antimony, kamar ma'adanai na sulfide kamar galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite, molybdenite, da pentlandite, da kuma ma'adanai na oxide kamar malachite, cerussite, hemimorphite, cassiterite, da wolframite; ma'adanai na gishiri marasa ƙarfe kamar fluorite, apatite, da barite; da kuma ma'adanai na gishiri masu narkewa kamar sylvite da gishirin dutse. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi don raba ma'adanai marasa ƙarfe da silicates, waɗanda suka haɗa da kwal, graphite, sulfur, lu'u-lu'u, quartz, mica, feldspar, beryl, da spodumene.
Flotation ya tara ƙwarewa mai yawa a fannin sarrafa ma'adanai, tare da ci gaba da ci gaba da fasaha. Har ma da ƙananan ma'adanai masu rikitarwa waɗanda a da ake ɗauka a matsayin marasa amfani a masana'antu, yanzu ana iya dawo da su kuma a yi amfani da su (a matsayin albarkatun biyu) ta hanyar flotation.
Yayin da albarkatun ma'adinai ke ƙara zama marasa ƙarfi, tare da ma'adanai masu amfani da aka rarraba su da kyau da kuma bambancin ra'ayi a cikin ma'adanai, wahalar rabuwa tana ƙaruwa. Don rage farashin samarwa, masana'antu kamar ƙarfe da sinadarai suna buƙatar ingantattun ƙa'idodi da daidaito don kayan da aka sarrafa, watau, samfuran da aka raba.
A gefe guda, akwai buƙatar inganta inganci; a gefe guda kuma, flotation yana ƙara nuna fa'idodi fiye da sauran hanyoyi wajen magance ƙalubalen ma'adanai masu laushi waɗanda ke da wahalar rabuwa. Ya zama hanyar sarrafa ma'adanai da aka fi amfani da ita kuma mai ban sha'awa a yau. Da farko ana amfani da ita ga ma'adanai na sulfide, flotation ya faɗaɗa a hankali zuwa ma'adanai na oxide, ma'adanai marasa ƙarfe, da sauransu. A halin yanzu, ana sarrafa biliyoyin tan na ma'adanai ta hanyar flotation a duk duniya kowace shekara.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, amfani da fasahar flotation ba ta takaita ga injiniyan sarrafa ma'adinai kawai ba, amma ta faɗaɗa zuwa ga kare muhalli, aikin ƙarfe, yin takarda, noma, sinadarai, abinci, kayan aiki, magani, da ilmin halitta.
Misali, ana amfani da flotation don dawo da abubuwa masu amfani daga samfuran pyrometallurgy, masu canzawa, da slags; don dawo da ragowar leach da samfuran da aka haƙa daga hydrometallurgy; don cire takarda da aka sake yin amfani da ita da kuma dawo da zare daga ruwan sharar pulp a masana'antar sinadarai; da kuma don cire mai mai yawa daga yashi a cikin kogi, raba ƙananan gurɓatattun abubuwa masu ƙarfi, colloids, ƙwayoyin cuta, da ƙazanta na ƙarfe daga najasa, waɗanda aikace-aikace ne na yau da kullun a cikin injiniyan muhalli.
Tare da ci gaba a cikin hanyoyin iyo da hanyoyin iyo, da kuma fitowar sabbin na'urori masu aiki da kayan aiki masu inganci, flotation zai sami fa'idodi masu yawa a cikin masana'antu da fannoni da yawa. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa amfani da hanyoyin iyo yana haifar da hauhawar farashin sarrafawa saboda reagents (idan aka kwatanta da rabuwar maganadisu da nauyi); ƙa'idodi masu tsauri don girman barbashi na abinci; abubuwa da yawa masu tasiri a cikin tsarin iyo, suna buƙatar daidaiton fasaha mai girma; da ruwan shara mai ɗauke da sauran reagents waɗanda zasu iya cutar da muhalli.
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-26-2025