Ana amfani da tsarin watsa ruwa a cikin ruwa, kuma yawanci ana iya amfani da su don yin nazarin alaƙar da ke tsakanin tsarin surfactant da kuma wargajewar sa. A matsayin ƙwayoyin da ke da ƙarfi a cikin ruwa, suna iya shanye ƙungiyoyin surfactant masu haɗari a cikin ruwa. A yanayin surfactant masu haɗari a cikin ruwa, ƙungiyoyin surfactant masu fuskantar waje suna korar juna saboda irin wannan cajin. A bayyane yake cewa ingancin shaye-shayen surfactants yana ƙaruwa tare da tsawon sarkar hydrophobic, don haka surfactants masu tsawon sarkar carbon suna nuna mafi kyawun wargajewa fiye da waɗanda ke da gajerun sarƙoƙi.
Ƙara yawan sinadarin surfactants yana ƙara yawan narkewar su a cikin ruwa, ta haka yana rage shaƙar su a saman barbashi. Wannan tasirin yana ƙara bayyana lokacin da ƙarfin hulɗa tsakanin surfactant da barbashi ya yi rauni. Misali, a cikin shirye-shiryen tsarin watsawa na ruwa, ana iya amfani da masu watsawa na lignosulfonate masu yawan sulfonate don yin rini mai tsananin hydrophobic don samar da tsarin watsawa tare da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na zafi. Duk da haka, amfani da mai watsawa iri ɗaya ga rini mai hydrophilic yana haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali na zafi; akasin haka, amfani da masu watsawa na lignosulfonate tare da ƙaramin matakin sulfonation yana haifar da tsarin watsawa tare da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na zafi. Dalilin haka shine cewa masu watsawa na sulfonate masu yawan sulfonate suna da babban narkewa a yanayin zafi mai yawa, yana sa su su rabu da sauri daga saman rini mai hydrophilic, inda hulɗar asali ta riga ta yi rauni, don haka rage warwatsewa.
Idan ƙwayoyin da aka warwatse da kansu suna ɗauke da wutar lantarki kuma an zaɓi wani surfactant mai caji akasin haka, flocculation na iya faruwa kafin a cire cajin da ke kan ƙwayoyin. Sai bayan an haɗa wani Layer na biyu na surfactant a kan ƙwayoyin da aka cire cajin da aka cire cajin za a iya samun warwatse mai karko. Idan aka zaɓi surfactant mai caji iri ɗaya, shaƙar surfactant a kan ƙwayoyin zai zama da wahala; haka nan, isasshen shaƙar da za ta daidaita warwatsewar ana samun ta ne kawai a yawan mai yawa. A aikace, masu rarraba ionic da ake amfani da su galibi suna ɗauke da ƙungiyoyin ionic da yawa da aka rarraba.a duk faɗin kwayar halittar surfactant, yayin da ƙungiyoyin hydrophobic ɗinsu suka ƙunshi sarƙoƙin hydrocarbon marasa cikawa tare da ƙungiyoyin polar kamar zoben aromatic ko haɗin ether.
Ga polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactants, sarƙoƙin polyoxyethylene masu yawan ruwa suna faɗaɗa zuwa matakin ruwa a cikin yanayin lanƙwasa, suna ƙirƙirar shinge mai tasiri na steric akan tarin ƙwayoyin halitta masu ƙarfi. A halin yanzu, sarƙoƙin oxyethylene masu kauri da yawa masu ruwa-ruwa suna rage ƙarfin van der Waals tsakanin ƙwayoyin halitta, suna mai da su masu kyau masu watsawa. Masu haɗakar ƙwayoyin halitta na propylene oxide da ethylene oxide sun dace musamman don amfani da su azaman masu watsawa. Sarƙoƙin polyoxyethylene masu tsayi suna haɓaka narkewa a cikin ruwa, yayin da ƙungiyoyin polypropylene oxide masu tsayi suna haɓaka shaƙar da ke da ƙarfi akan ƙwayoyin halitta masu ƙarfi; saboda haka, masu haɗakar ƙwayoyin halitta masu dogon sarƙoƙi na ɓangarorin biyu sun fi dacewa sosai azaman masu watsawa.
Idan aka haɗa surfactants na ionic da nonionic, tsarin gauraye ba wai kawai yana ba da damar ƙwayoyin su shiga cikin matakin ruwa ba, yana samar da shingen steric wanda ke hana taruwar ƙwayoyin cuta, amma kuma yana ƙara ƙarfin fim ɗin da ke kan ƙwayoyin halitta masu ƙarfi. Don haka, ga tsarin gauraye, matuƙar yawan narkewar surfactants a cikin matakin ruwa bai hana shaƙarsu sosai a saman ƙwayoyin halitta ba, mai wargazawa mai tsawon sarƙoƙi na hydrophobic zai nuna kyakkyawan aikin wargazawa.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-31-2025