Me kuke sani game da polymer surfactants

1. Ka'idoji na Asali na Masu Rufe Polymer

Sinadaran polymer suna nufin abubuwa masu nauyin kwayoyin halitta wanda ya kai wani mataki (yawanci daga 103 zuwa 106) kuma suna da wasu halaye masu aiki a saman. A tsarin tsari, ana iya rarraba su zuwa manyan masu hada-hadar tubali, masu hada-hadar graft, da sauransu. Dangane da nau'in ionic, an raba masu hada-hadar polymer zuwa manyan rukuni guda hudu: anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, da nonionic. Dangane da asalinsu, ana iya rarraba su a matsayin masu hada-hadar polymer na halitta, masu hada-hadar polymer na halitta da aka gyara, da kuma masu hada-hadar polymer na roba.

Idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta, manyan halaye na polymer surfactants sune:

(1) Suna da rauni wajen rage tashin hankali a saman fuska da kuma a saman fuska, kuma yawancinsu ba sa samar da micelles;

(2) Suna da nauyin kwayoyin halitta mafi girma, wanda ke haifar da raunin ƙarfin shigar ciki;

(3) Ba su da ƙarfin yin kumfa sosai, amma kumfa da suke samarwa suna da ƙarfi sosai;

(4) Suna nuna kyakkyawan ƙarfin emulsion;

(5) Suna da kyawawan halaye na warwatsewa da haɗin kai;

(6) Yawancin polymer surfactants ba su da guba sosai.

2. Halayen Aiki na Masu Rufe Polymer

· Tashin hankali a saman

Saboda yanayin yanayin yanayin hydrophilic da hydrophobic na polymer surfactants a saman ko mahaɗin, suna da ikon rage tashin hankali na saman da na fuska, kodayake wannan ikon gabaɗaya yana ƙasa da na ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta.

Ikon polymer surfactants don rage tashin hankali a saman yana da rauni fiye da na ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta, kuma aikin saman su yana raguwa sosai yayin da nauyin ƙwayoyin halitta ke ƙaruwa.

· Emulsification da Watsawa

Duk da yawan nauyin ƙwayoyin halittarsu, yawancin polymer surfactants na iya samar da micelles a cikin yanayin da aka watsar kuma suna nuna babban yawan micelle (CMC), ta haka suna cika ayyukan emulsifying. Tsarin amphiphilic ɗinsu yana bawa wani ɓangare na ƙwayar damar shiga saman ƙwayoyin yayin da ɗayan ɓangaren ke narkewa a cikin matakin ci gaba (matsakaicin watsawa). Lokacin da nauyin ƙwayoyin polymer bai yi yawa ba, yana nuna tasirin hana sikari, yana ƙirƙirar shinge a saman ɗigon monomer ko ƙwayoyin polymer don hana haɗuwa da haɗuwa.

· Haɗakar jini

Lokacin da polymer surfactants suna da nauyin kwayoyin halitta masu yawa, suna iya shiga cikin barbashi da yawa, suna samar da gadoji tsakanin su kuma suna ƙirƙirar flocs, don haka suna aiki azaman flocculants.

· Sauran Ayyuka

Yawancin polymer surfactants kansu ba sa samar da kumfa mai ƙarfi, amma suna yin amfani da su wajen yin amfani da su.suna hana riƙe ruwa mai ƙarfi da kuma kwanciyar hankali mai kyau na kumfa. Saboda yawan nauyin ƙwayoyin halitta, suna kuma da kyawawan halaye na ƙirƙirar fim da mannewa.

·Halayyar Magani

Halayyar polymer surfactants a cikin zaɓaɓɓun sinadarai: Yawancin polymer surfactants suna da toshewar amphiphilic ko graft copolymers. A cikin zaɓaɓɓun sinadarai, halayen mafitarsu ya fi rikitarwa fiye da na ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta ko homopolymers. Abubuwa kamar tsarin kwayoyin halitta, rabon tsawon sassan amphiphilic, abun da ke ciki, da halayen narkewa suna tasiri sosai kan yanayin mafitarsu. Kamar surfactants masu ƙarancin nauyin ƙwayoyin halitta, amphiphilic polymers suna rage tashin hankali a saman ta hanyar shagaltar da ƙungiyoyin hydrophobic a saman yayin da suke samar da micelles a cikin maganin a lokaci guda.