A na-ejikarị usoro mgbasa mmiri eme ihe, a pụkwara iji ha nyochaa mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nhazi surfactant na mgbasa. Dịka ihe siri ike hydrophobic, ha nwere ike itinye otu hydrophobic nke surfactants. N'ihe gbasara anionic surfactants, otu hydrophilic nke na-eche ihu n'èzí na-achụpụ ibe ha n'ihi otu ebubo ha. O doro anya na arụmọrụ adsorption nke surfactants na-abawanye ka ogologo nke yinye hydrophobic, si otú a surfactants nwere ogologo carbon chain na-egosipụta mgbasa ka mma karịa ndị nwere agbụ dị mkpụmkpụ.
Ịbawanye ịdị ọcha nke surfactants na-eme ka mmiri sie ike, si otú a na-ebelata mmịpụta ha n'elu ihe ndị ahụ. Mmetụta a na-apụta ìhè karị mgbe ike mmekọrịta dị n'etiti surfactant na ihe ndị ahụ adịghị ike. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ịkwadebe sistemụ ịgbasa agba mmiri, enwere ike iji ndị na-agbasa lignosulfonate nwere sulfonate dị ukwuu maka agba hydrophobic siri ike iji mepụta sistemụ mgbasa ozi nwere nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ dị mma. Agbanyeghị, itinye otu onye na-agbasa agba hydrophilic na-eme ka okpomọkụ ghara ịdị mma; n'ụzọ dị iche, iji ndị na-agbasa lignosulfonate nwere obere sulfonation na-emepụta sistemụ mgbasa ozi na ezigbo nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ. Ihe kpatara nke a bụ na ndị na-agbasa sulfonate nwere nnukwu mgbaze nwere nnukwu mgbaze na okpomọkụ dị elu, na-eme ka ha pụọ n'elu agba hydrophilic, ebe mmekọrịta mbụ ahụ adịlarị ike, si otú a na-ebelata ịgbasa.
Ọ bụrụ na ihe ndị a gbasasịrị agbasasị n'onwe ha nwere ọkụ eletrik ma họrọ ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị n'ime ya nwere ọkụ eletrik, mmiri nwere ike ime tupu e wepụ ihe ndị dị n'ime ya. Ọ bụ naanị mgbe etinyere ihe nke abụọ nke surfactant n'ime ihe ndị a na-eme ka mmiri dị n'ime ya ka a ga-enwe ike ịgbasa nke ọma. Ọ bụrụ na ahọpụtara ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị n'ime ya nwere otu ọkụ, mmiri nke surfactant ahụ na-esi ike; n'otu aka ahụ, mmiri zuru oke iji mee ka mgbasa ahụ kwụsie ike na-abịa naanị na nnukwu njupụta. N'ọrụ, ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri dị n'ime ya na-enwekarị ọtụtụ ionic kesara.n'ofe molekul surfactant dum, ebe otu hydrophobic ha nwere agbụ hydrocarbon na-enweghị afọ ojuju nwere otu polar dị ka mgbanaka aromatic ma ọ bụ njikọ ether.
Maka polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactants, polyoxyethylene agbụ mmiri nke ukwuu na-agbatị n'ime usoro mmiri n'ime nhazi gbagọrọ agbagọ, na-emepụta ihe mgbochi steric dị irè megide nchịkọta nke ihe siri ike. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, agbụ oxyethylene agbụ mmiri nke nwere ọtụtụ oyi akwa na-ebelata ike van der Waals n'etiti ihe ndị ahụ, na-eme ka ha bụrụ ndị na-agbasa nke ọma. Blọk copolymers nke propylene oxide na ethylene oxide dabara adaba maka ojiji dị ka ndị na-ekesa. Agbụ polyoxyethylene ha dị ogologo na-eme ka mmiri sie ike, ebe otu hydrophobic polypropylene oxide ha gbatịrị agbatị na-akwalite mmịpụta siri ike na ihe ndị siri ike; ya mere, copolymers nwere agbụ ogologo nke ihe abụọ ahụ dị mma nke ukwuu dị ka ndị na-ekesa.
Mgbe ejikọtara ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime mmiri dị n'ime ionic na nke na-abụghị ionic, usoro ngwakọta ahụ anaghị enyere naanị ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị ahụ aka ịgbasa n'ime mmiri dị n'ime mmiri, na-emepụta ihe mgbochi steric nke na-egbochi mkpokọta ihe, kamakwa ọ na-eme ka ike nke ihe nkiri interfacial dị n'ime ihe ndị siri ike dịkwuo mma. Ya mere, maka usoro ngwakọta ahụ, ọ bụrụhaala na mmụba nke ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime mmiri dị n'ime mmiri anaghị egbochi mmịpụta ha nke ukwuu n'elu ihe ndị ahụ, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime mmiri dị ogologo ga-egosipụta arụmọrụ mgbasa dị elu.
Oge ozi: Disemba-31-2025