N'oge mmepụta mmepụta ihe, ụdị dị iche iche nke rụrụ arụ, dị ka coking, mmanụ residues, ọnụ ọgụgụ, sediments, na corrosive nkwụnye ego na-agbakọta na ngwá na pipeline nke usoro mmepụta. Nkwụnye ego ndị a na-edugakarị na akụrụngwa na ọdịda pipeline, belata arụmọrụ nke usoro mmepụta, ịba ụba ike oriri, na n'ọnọdụ siri ike, ọbụna ihe nchekwa nchekwa.
N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, site na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ, mmetọ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na-aga n'ihu na-apụta, na ihe ndị mejupụtara ya na-adịwanye mgbagwoju anya. Na mgbakwunye, usoro adhesion na ụdị dị n'etiti mmetọ ụlọ ọrụ na ebumnuche ihicha dị iche iche na-adaberekarị n'ụdị adịghị arụ ọrụ yana nhazi nhazi yana njirimara physicochemical elu nke ihe a na-ehicha. N'ihi ihe nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi chọrọ, a na-enwewanye ọchịchọ maka biodegradability na adịghị egbu egbu nke ndị na-emepụta kemịkal, nke na-anọgide na-enwe ihe ịma aka ọhụrụ na teknụzụ ihicha kemịkal.
Nhicha kemịkalụ bụ teknụzụ zuru oke nke gụnyere ọmụmụ nke nhazi na ihe ndị na-emebi emebi, nhọrọ na imepụta ihe ndị na-ehicha ihe na ihe mgbakwunye, nhọrọ nke inhibitors corrosion, usoro ihicha usoro, mmepe na ojiji nke akụrụngwa nhicha, teknụzụ nlekota oru n'oge nhicha, na ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu, n'etiti ndị ọzọ. N'ime ndị a, nhọrọ nke ndị na-ehicha ihe bụ ihe dị oké mkpa na-ekpebi ihe ịga nke ọma nke ọrụ nhicha, n'ihi na ọ na-emetụta kpọmkwem arụmọrụ nhicha, ọnụ ọgụgụ nkwụsịtụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ corrosion, na uru akụ na ụba nke akụrụngwa.
Ihe ndị na-ehicha ihe bụ isi ihe atọ bụ isi: ihe na-ehicha ihe bụ isi, ihe mgbochi corrosion, na surfactants. N'ihi usoro ihe omimi ha, nke nwere ma hydrophilic na hydrophobic, surfactants na-ekere òkè na mgbasa ozi, ntinye, emulsification, mgbasa, na ịsacha n'oge nhicha kemịkalụ. Ọ bụghị nanị na a na-eji ha dị ka ihe inyeaka ma a na-ewerekwa ya dị ka ihe ndị bụ isi, karịsịa na usoro dị ka ihicha acid, ihicha alkaline, nkwụsị nke corrosion, nkwụsị, na sterilization, ebe ha na-egosipụtawanye mmetụta ha.
Ndị na-ahụ maka nhicha bụ isi, ihe mgbochi corrosion, na surfactants bụ isi ihe atọ dị na ngwọta nhicha kemịkal. Usoro kemịkalụ pụrụ iche nke surfactants na-eme ka o doo anya na, mgbe agbazere na mmiri mmiri mmiri, ha na-ebelata erughị ala nke ngwọta nke ọma, si otú a na-eme ka ike wetting ya dịkwuo elu. Karịsịa mgbe itinye uche nke surfactants na ngwọta ruru oke mkpa nke micelle (CMC), mgbanwe ndị a ma ama na-eme na mgbakasị elu nke ngwọta, nrụgide osmotic, viscosity, na ngwa anya.
The wetting, penetrating, dispersing, emulsifying, na solubilizing mmetụta nke surfactants na chemical ihicha Filiks na-enweta ugboro abụọ n'ihi na ọkara mgbalị. Na nchịkọta, surfactants na kemịkalụ ihicha bụ isi na-arụ ọrụ abụọ: nke mbụ, ha na-eme ka ntinye anya nke ihe ndị na-emerụ emerụ na-adịghị edozi ahụ site na mmetụta solubilizing nke micelles, nke a maara dị ka mmetụta solubilization; nke abụọ, n'ihi otu amphiphilic ha, surfactants adsorb ma ọ bụ gbakọta na interface n'etiti mmanụ na mmiri, na-ebelata esemokwu interfacial.
Mgbe ị na-ahọrọ surfactants, a ga-akwụ ụgwọ nlebara anya pụrụ iche na njirimara nke onye na-ehicha ihe, ihe mgbochi corrosion na surfactants, yana ndakọrịta mmekọrịta ha.
Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-28-2025