1.Ngā matū horoi mō te uku pumau
E rua ngā āhuatanga o te whakapūmau uku: te aukati i te pupuhi o ngā kohuke uku me te aukati i te hekenga o ngā matūriki kohuke uku. Hei aukati i te pupuhi o te uku, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā matūriki cationic pēnei i te momo tote amine, te momo tote ammonium quaternary, te momo tote pyridinium, me te momo tote imidazoline. Hei aukati i te hekenga o ngā matūriki kohuke uku, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā matūriki kore-ionic-cationic kei roto i te fluorine.
2. Ngā matū whakakoi mō ngā mahi whakakawa
Hei whakarei ake i te pānga waikawa, me tāpiri ngā momo tāpiri ki te otinga waikawa. Ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi matū horoi e hototahi ana ki te otinga waikawa, ā, he ngāwari te mimiti e te hanganga hei aukati waikawa. Hei tauira, ko ngā waikawa amine momona, ngā tote ammonium quaternary, me ngā tote pyridinium i roto i ngā matū horoi cationic, tae atu ki ngā waikawa polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers kua sulfonated, carboxymethylated, phosphate-esterified, sulfate-esterified rānei i roto i ngā matū horoi amphoteric. Ka taea e ētahi matū horoi, pērā i te waikawa dodecyl sulfonic me ōna tote alkylamine, te whakaemulsi i te otinga waikawa i roto i te hinu hei hanga i tētahi emulsion waikawa-i-te-hinu, e whai wāhi ana hoki ki te aukati ina whakamahia hei wai mahi waikawa.
Ka taea e ētahi matū horoi te mahi hei tango i ngā matū waikawa mō ngā wai whakakawa. Ko ngā matū horoi he hanganga peka, pērā i te polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether me te polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene pentaethylenehexamine, ka taea katoa te mahi hei tango i ngā matū waikawa.
Ka taea e ētahi matū horoi te mahi hei tāpiringa horoi waikawa pau. Ko ngā matū horoi ka taea te whakamahi hei tāpiringa horoi ko ngā momo tote amine, ngā momo tote ammonium quaternary, ngā momo tote pyridinium, ngā momo kore-ionic, ngā momo amphoteric, me ngā matū horoi fluorinated.
Ka taea e ētahi matū horoi te mahi hei aukati paru waikawa, pērā i ngā matū horoi wairewa-hinu pērā i ngā alkyl phenols, ngā waikawa ngako, ngā waikawa alkyl benzene sulfonic, me ngā tote ammonium quaternary. Nā te mea he ngoikore te wairewa waikawa, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā matū horoi kore-ionic hei whakamarara i a rātou ki roto i te otinga waikawa.
Hei whakapai ake i te pānga waikawa, me tāpiri he kaihoko hurihanga makuku ki te otinga waikawa hei huri i te makuku o te rohe tata-pūngao mai i te mākū-hinu ki te mākū-wai. Ko ngā ranunga pēnei i te polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ether me te phosphate-esterified polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ether ka mimitihia e te hanganga hei paparanga mimiti tuatahi, ā, ka tutuki ai te pānga hurihanga makuku.
Hei tāpiritanga, kei reira ētahi matū horoi, pērā i ngā waikawa amine momona, ngā tote ammonium quaternary, ngā matū horoi kore-ionic-anionic rānei, e whakamahia ana hei kaihoko huka hei whakarite i ngā wai mahi waikawa huka, hei whakatutuki i ngā kaupapa o te whakaroa, te aukati i te waikura, me te waikawa hohonu. Tērā atu huarahi, ka taea te whakarite i aua huka hei papa-mua mō te waikawa, ka werohia ki roto i te hanganga i mua i te otinga waikawa. Ka taea e te pānga Jamin i hangaia e ngā mirumiru i roto i te huka te huri i te otinga waikawa, ka akiaki i te waikawa ki te whakarewa i ngā paparanga iti-permeability me te whakapai ake i te pānga waikawa.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-06-2026