He rerekē te utu o ngā matū horoi cationic ki ngā matū horoi anionic, nō reira ka kiia ngā matū horoi cationic he "hōpi whakamuri". Mō te hanganga matū, kotahi te iti rawa o te rōpū hydrophobic mekameka roa me te rōpū hydrophilic utu pai. Ko ngā rōpū hydrophobic mekameka roa he mea ahu mai i ngā waikawa ngako, i ngā matū hinu rānei, nō reira he rauemi mata nui ngā amine ngako mō ngā matū horoi cationic. He iti noa te kaha horoi o ngā matū horoi cationic, engari he tino kitea ō rātou āhuatanga antibacterial me te kaha ki te mimiti i runga i ngā mata pakeke. I roto i ngā whakapaipai, ka whakamahia whānuitia hei whakangawari makawe, hei patu harore, hei patu bacteriostat, hei whakangawari, hei tāpiringa ārai-caries, me ētahi atu.
1. Tote amine momona
Ko ngā amine ngako he turanga rauropi. Kāore he utu i roto i ngā otinga kūpapa, kāore he mahi mata cationic i tēnei wā, ā, he lipophilic ina nui ake te pH i te 7. Ko ngā tote amine tuatoru i whiwhihia mā te whakakorenga ki ngā waikawa inorganic, organic rānei, he nui te wairewa, ā, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana he surfactants cationic whai hua. Ko ngā tote rauropi he wairewa ake i roto i te wai i ngā tote inorganic. Kāore i te maha te whakamahinga i roto i ngā whakatakotoranga hopi me ngā horoi.
He tino tairongo ngā kationa tote ammonia kore-quaternary ki te pH, ki ngā katote maha-valent, me ngā electrolytes. Ko ngā amine ethoxylated, i hangaia mā te ethoxylation o ngā amine ngako, he surfactants ka taea te hototahi ki ngā surfactants cationic i muri i te whakatikatika pH, ā, he pai te horoi. Ina whakakorengia ngā amine ngako ki te waikawa salicylic, ki teα-waikawa chlorobenzoic, ka taea te whakarei ake i tā rātou mahi harore. Ko ngā pūhui ammonia quaternary i roto i ngā amine ngako te momo surfactants cationic e whakamahia whānuitia ana.
He pai te pumau o ngā tote ammonia quaternary i roto i ngā papa waikawa, kawakore rānei (i raro i te 100°C). Ko te wairewatanga o ngā tote ammonia quaternary e pā ana ki te roa o te mekameka alkyl; ki te roa ake te mekameka, ka iti ake te wairewatanga ki te wai. Kāore e tino wairewa ngā tote ammonia quaternary C16-C18 monoalkyl trimethyl i roto i te wai, ka wairewa i roto i ngā whakarewa pōro, ā, kāore e wairewa i roto i ngā whakarewa kore-pōro. Ka wairewa ngā tote ammonia quaternary dialkyl dimethyl i roto i ngā whakarewa kore-pōro, ā, kāore e wairewa i roto i te wai.
Ko ngā mahi motuhake a ngā tote ammonia quaternary kei roto i tō rātou mimiti ki runga i ngā mata kua utua kinotia me ō rātou pānga patu huakita me te patu huakita. He mea tino nui kia mōhio ko te whakakotahitanga ki ngā surfactants anionic, ngā waikura, ngā peroxides, ngā silicates, te hiriwa nitrate, te sodium citrate, te sodium tartrate, te borax, te kaolin, ngā pūmua, me ētahi polymers ka tino whakaiti i tō rātou kaha patu huakita, ka puta rānei te pōuri.
Ko te wairewatanga o ngā tote ammonia quaternary alkyl e pā ana ki ngā rōpū hydrophilic; ko te nui ake o ngā rōpū hydrophilic, ko te pai ake o te wairewatanga wai. Ko te pH o te 5% o te isopropanol, o te 10% rānei o te wairewatanga wai, he 6-9. He pai te pumau matū, he ātete ki te mārama, ki te wera, ki ngā waikawa kaha, me ngā kawakore kaha, ā, he uruhanga, he āhuatanga ārai-pūmau, he pānga patu huakita (ko te C12-C16 te mea tino whai hua), ā, he pai te aukati i te waikura. E rua ngā rōpū alkyl mekameka roa o ngā tote ammonia quaternary dimethyl alkyl hei rōpū hydrophobic, e whakaatu ana i te ngawari pai, ngā āhuatanga ārai-pūmau, ētahi kaha patu huakita, me ngā pānga whakamakuku me te emulsifying pai. He iti ake te whakapataritari i ngā tote ammonia quaternary alkyl trimethyl, e whakaatu ana i ngā āhuatanga cationic i raro i ngā waikawa ngoikore, ā, e hanga ana i ngā pūhui kore-ionic i raro i ngā āhuatanga kūpapa me te kawakore.
2. Tote alkyl imidazoline
Ko te alkyl imidazoline he hua i hangaia mā te tauhohenga o ngā waikawa ngako me ngā ethylenediamine kua whakakapia. Ko te amide ethylamine i hangaia mā te whakamahana (i te nuinga o te wā i te 220~240℃) ka hurihia hei alkyl imidazoline.
Ko te Alkyl imidazoline he amine tuatoru monocyclic organic, ā, he turanga kaha-waenga. He matū cationic noa iho tēnei ka taea te piri ki ngā mata kino, pērā i te makawe, te kiri, ngā niho, te karāhe, te pepa, ngā muka, ngā konganuku, me ngā rauemi kei roto he silicon. Ko ngā tote i hangaia ki ngā waikawa wai-rewa ka hanga i ngā kirikiri i ngā kukū teitei. He wairewa-wai ngā acetates, nicotinates, phosphates, me ngā sulfates, ko ō rātou tote waikawa ngako mekameka roa he wairewa-hinu. He pai te pumau o te rokiroki i raro i ngā āhuatanga ātete-makuku, engari ka taea e ngā tioata te whakatō i muri i te rokiroki roa, i te rokiroki rānei i roto i ngā taiao pāmahana iti, ā, ka taea te hoki ki te āhua ōrite ina whakamahanahia, ka whakaohokia. Ka āta puta te waikura i te pa atu ki te wai, ki te makuku rānei, ka huri i ōna mahi. Te whakamahana roa, ahakoa ka piki te pāmahana ki te 165℃, kāore e pā ki tōna pumau, engari ka rerekē te tae. He mea nui kia mōhiotia, nā te mea he turanga kaha-waenga te alkyl imidazoline, he tino whakapataritari ki te kiri me ngā kanohi, engari he tino whakaiti te whakapataritari o ngā tote alkyl imidazoline.
Te wā tuku: 25-Pepuere-2026