Ma surfactants amatanthauza zinthu zomwe zingachepetse kwambiri kupsinjika kwa pamwamba pa yankho lolunjika, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi magulu osasunthika a hydrophilic ndi lipophilic omwe angakonzedwe molunjika pamwamba pa yankho. Ma surfactants makamaka amakhala ndi magulu awiri: ma ionic surfactants ndi ma non ionic surfactants. Ma ionic surfactants amakhalanso ndi mitundu itatu: ma anionic surfactants, ma cationic surfactants, ndi ma zwitterionic surfactants.
Kumtunda kwa unyolo wa mafakitale a surfactant ndi kupezeka kwa zinthu zopangira monga ethylene, mafuta ochulukirapo, mafuta acids, mafuta a kanjedza, ndi ethylene oxide; Pakati pa unyolowu ndi omwe amachititsa kupanga ndi kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zogawika, kuphatikizapo polyols, polyoxyethylene ethers, mafuta ochulukirapo a ether sulfates, ndi zina zotero; Pansi pa unyolowu, umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo monga chakudya, zodzoladzola, kuyeretsa mafakitale, kusindikiza ndi kupukuta nsalu, ndi zinthu zotsukira.
Kuchokera pamsika wotsatira, makampani opanga sopo ndiye malo ofunikira kwambiri opangira sopo, omwe amawerengera ndalama zoposa 50% ya zomwe anthu akufuna. Zodzoladzola, kuyeretsa mafakitale, ndi kusindikiza ndi kupaka utoto nsalu zonse ndi pafupifupi 10%. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwachuma cha China komanso kukula kwa mafakitale, kupanga ndi kugulitsa zinthu zosungunulira zinthu kwakhala kukukwera. Mu 2022, kupanga zinthu zosungunulira zinthu ku China kunapitirira matani 4.25 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa pafupifupi 4% pachaka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa malonda kunali pafupifupi matani 4.2 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa pafupifupi 2% pachaka pachaka.
China ndi dziko lomwe limapanga zinthu zopanga ma surfactants kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wopanga zinthu, zinthu zathu pang'onopang'ono zadziwika pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha ubwino wake komanso magwiridwe antchito ake, ndipo zili ndi msika waukulu wakunja. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zogulitsa kunja kwakhala kukukulirakulira. Mu 2022, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopanga ma surfactants zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja ku China kunali pafupifupi matani 870000, kuwonjezeka kwa pafupifupi 20% pachaka, makamaka kumayiko ndi madera monga Russia, Japan, Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia, ndi zina zotero.
Poganizira kapangidwe ka zinthu, kupanga zinthu zopanda ma ionic surfactants ku China mu 2022 kuli pafupifupi matani 2.1 miliyoni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale pafupifupi 50% ya zinthu zonse zopangidwa ndi ma surfactants, zomwe zili pamalo oyamba. Kupanga zinthu zopanda ma ionic surfactants kuli pafupifupi matani 1.7 miliyoni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale pafupifupi 40%, zomwe zili pamalo achiwiri. Zinthu ziwirizi ndi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ma surfactants.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, dzikolo lapereka mfundo monga "Ndondomeko ya Zaka Zisanu ya 14 Yopanga Kukula kwa Ubwino Wapamwamba kwa Makampani Opanga Mafuta Osapanga Mafakitale", "Ndondomeko ya Zaka Zisanu ya 14 Yopanga Kukula kwa Ubwino Wapamwamba kwa Makampani Opanga Mafuta Osapanga Mafakitale ku China", ndi "Ndondomeko ya Zaka Zisanu ya 14 Yopanga Kukula kwa Mafakitale Osapanga Mafakitale Obiriwira" kuti apange malo abwino otukula mafakitale opanga mafuta osasapanga mafakitale, kulimbikitsa kusintha ndi kukweza mafakitale, ndikupititsa patsogolo kubiriwira, kuteteza chilengedwe, komanso khalidwe labwino.
Pakadali pano, pali anthu ambiri omwe akugwira nawo ntchito pamsika, ndipo mpikisano wamakampani ndi woopsa kwambiri. Pakadali pano, pali mavuto ena m'makampani opanga zinthu zopanga zinthu zopanga zinthu zonga za surfactant, monga ukadaulo wakale wopanga zinthu, malo otetezera zachilengedwe osakwanira, komanso kusakwanira kwa zinthu zopindulitsa kwambiri. Makampaniwa akadali ndi malo ofunikira opititsira patsogolo ntchito. M'tsogolomu, motsogozedwa ndi mfundo za dziko komanso kusankha kupulumuka ndi kuchotsedwa kwa msika, kuphatikiza ndi kuchotsedwa kwa mabizinesi m'makampani opanga zinthu zopanga ...
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-10-2023