Emulsifiers ndi solubilizers: kusiyana kwake ndi kotani?

Kusakaniza zinthu zosasakanikirana ndi njira yanzeru yopangira mankhwala! Ngati munayesapo kusakaniza, mudzadziwa kuti mafuta ndi madzi sizimasakanikirana mosavuta. Komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito ma emulsifiers ndi ma solubilizers, izi zomwe zikuwoneka ngati zosatheka zimatheka.—koma kodi si nandolo ziwiri zokha mu kabokosi mu mkanda? Ayi ndithu! Chilichonse chimagwira ntchito yapadera. Okonda sayansi, konzekerani kufufuza kusiyana pakati pa ma emulsifiers ndi ma solubilizers.

Kodi emulsifier ndi chiyani?

Ma emulsifier ndi omwe amapanga dziko la mamolekyulu, mwanzeru amagwirizanitsa mamolekyulu amafuta ndi mamolekyulu amadzi omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala osiyana. Mfundo yawo yogwirira ntchito ndi kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa pamwamba pakati pa zakumwa, ndikupanga chisakanizo chokhazikika chotchedwa emulsion. Pa mulingo wa mamolekyulu, ma emulsifier ndi amphiphilic—Ali ndi mbali imodzi yokonda madzi (yokonda madzi) ndi mbali ina yokonda madzi (yokonda mafuta). Kuphatikizika kumeneku kumawalola kuti azidzilowetsa pakati pa mafuta ndi madzi, ndikupanga chotchinga choteteza kuzungulira madontho kuti asapatukane. Ma emulsifiers omwe mumawadziwa bwino ndi monga lecithin mu dzira la mazira, komanso lecithin yotchuka ya soya kapena mpendadzuwa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu chokoleti ndi zophikidwa kuti ikhale yosalala bwino.

Kodi chosungunula ndi chiyani?

Ngakhale kuti zosungunulira nthawi zambiri zimasokonezedwa ndi zosungunulira, zimakhala ndi gawo losiyana kwambiri pa kuvina kwa kusungunuka. Zosungunulirazi zimachita bwino kwambiri poluka mafuta olimba ndi madzi kuti apange yankho lowonekera, komwe ngakhale diso lakuthwa kwambiri silingathe kuzindikira kulekana. Kwenikweni, zosungunulira zimapangitsa mafuta kuoneka ngati atayika kwathunthu m'madzi. Amakwaniritsa izi pozungulira tinthu ta mafuta ndi chipolopolo cha hydrophilic, makamaka kuzibisa mu utoto wamadzi, zomwe zimawalola kusungunuka popanda chizindikiro. Njirayi imapanga yankho m'malo mwa emulsion. Mutha kupeza zosungunulira m'zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira zotsukira nkhope zomwe zimatsuka zodzoladzola zamafuta mpaka zotulutsira mafuta ofunikira zomwe zimatulutsa fungo losasiya zotsalira, monga polysorbates, alcohols, ndi ethoxylated compounds.

Kodi kusiyana kwawo ndi kotani?

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ma emulsifier ndi ma solubilizer kuli mu zotsatira zake zogwira ntchito. Ma emulsifier amathandiza kupanga mawonekedwe atsopano ndi kusinthasintha, monga momwe zikuwonekera ndi ma emulsion okhazikika omwe amapangidwa pamene madontho a mafuta amapachikidwa m'madzi. Zotsatira zake ndi chinthu chomwe chimawoneka ngati mitambo, koma izi zili choncho chifukwa chimadzazidwa ndi timikanda tating'onoting'ono ta mafuta tomwe timathandizira madzi ozungulira. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ma solubilizer amachititsa mafuta kutha kwathunthu m'madzi, zomwe zimakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pazinthu zomwe kuwonekera bwino ndikofunikira kwambiri. Amalowetsa mafuta m'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale yankho loyera ngati galasi.