Kodi ma surfactants amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji mu ulimi?

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ma Surfactants mu Feteleza

Kuletsa kusungidwa kwa feteleza: Chifukwa cha chitukuko cha makampani opanga feteleza, kuchuluka kwa feteleza, komanso kudziwitsa anthu za chilengedwe, anthu awonjezera kufunika kwa njira zopangira feteleza ndi magwiridwe antchito a zinthu.zinthu zopangira ma surfactantskungathandize kuti feteleza akhale wabwino. Kukonza makeke kwakhala kovuta kwa makampani opanga feteleza, makamaka ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, urea, ndi feteleza wophatikizika. Pofuna kupewa kuyika makeke, kuwonjezera pa njira zodzitetezera panthawi yopanga, kulongedza, ndi kusungira, ma surfactants amatha kuwonjezeredwa ku feteleza.

Urea imakonda kuphikidwa mu uvuni ikasungidwa ndi kunyamulidwa, zomwe zimasokoneza kwambiri kugulitsa kwake komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kubwezeretsanso kwa urea pamwamba pa urea granules. Chinyezi mkati mwa ureas chimasamuka kupita pamwamba (kapena kutenga chinyezi cha mlengalenga), ndikupanga gawo laling'ono la madzi. Kutentha kukasinthasintha, chinyezichi chimasanduka nthunzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi okhuta pamwamba pake apangike ndi kupanga makeke.

Ku China, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amapezeka m'njira zitatu: ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ndi amide nitrogen. Nitro fertilizer ndi feteleza wokhala ndi ammonium ndi nitrate nitrogen yambiri. Mosiyana ndi urea, nitrate nitrogen mu feteleza wa nitro imatha kuyamwa mwachindunji ndi mbewu popanda kusintha kwachiwiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yogwira ntchito bwino. Nitro fertilizer ndi yoyenera kubzala mbewu monga fodya, chimanga, mavwende, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mitengo ya zipatso, zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino kuposa urea m'nthaka ya alkaline ndi madera a karst. Komabe, popeza feteleza wa nitro compound makamaka amakhala ndi ammonium nitrate, yomwe imakhala yosalala kwambiri ndipo imasinthasintha ndi kutentha, nthawi zambiri imadulidwa.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osagwiritsa Ntchito Madzi Pochotsa Dothi Loipitsidwa

Ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale monga mankhwala a petrochemicals, mankhwala, ndi mapulasitiki, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoipitsa za hydrophobic organic (monga mafuta a petroleum hydrocarbons, halogenated organics, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, mankhwala ophera tizilombo) ndi ma ayoni achitsulo cholemera amalowa m'nthaka kudzera m'matalala, kutuluka kwa madzi, kutuluka m'mafakitale, ndi kutaya zinyalala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuipitsidwa kwakukulu. Zinthu zoipitsa za hydrophobic organic zimalumikizana mosavuta ndi zinthu zachilengedwe za nthaka, kuchepetsa kupezeka kwawo ndikulepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka.

Ma surfactants, omwe ndi mamolekyu a amphiphilic, amasonyeza kukonda kwambiri mafuta, ma hydrocarbons onunkhira, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zopangidwa ndi halogenated, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti agwire bwino ntchito yokonzanso nthaka.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osapanga Madzi Posunga Madzi a Ulimi

Chilala ndi vuto lapadziko lonse lapansi, pomwe kutayika kwa zokolola chifukwa cha chilala kumafanana ndi kutayika konsekonse komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha masoka ena a nyengo. Njira yochepetsera kuuma kwa nthaka imaphatikizapo kuwonjezera zinthu zosungunulira madzi m'makina omwe amafunikira kusunga chinyezi (monga madzi a ulimi, malo obzala), kupanga filimu yosasungunuka pamwamba. Filimuyi imakhala ndi malo ochepa osungira madzi, kuchepetsa malo osungira madzi komanso kusunga madzi.

Akapopera pa zomera, ma surfactants amapanga mawonekedwe ozungulira: malekezero awo osagwirizana ndi madzi (oyang'ana chomera) amaletsa ndi kuletsa kutuluka kwa chinyezi mkati, pomwe malekezero awo ogwirizana ndi madzi (oyang'ana mpweya) amathandizira kuti chinyezi chisalowe mumlengalenga. Kuphatikizana kumeneku kumaletsa kutayika kwa madzi, kumawonjezera kukana kwa chilala, komanso kumawonjezera zokolola.

Mapeto

Mwachidule, ma surfactants amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muukadaulo wamakono waulimi. Pamene njira zatsopano zaulimi zikubuka komanso mavuto atsopano oipitsa chilengedwe akubuka, kufunikira kwa kafukufuku wapamwamba wa ma surfactants kudzakula. Pokhapokha popanga ma surfactants ogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri omwe amagwirizana ndi gawoli ndi pomwe tingafulumizitse kukwaniritsidwa kwa kusintha kwa ulimi ku China.