Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ma Surfactants mu Feteleza
Kupewa kuyika feteleza: Chifukwa chakukula kwa mafakitale a feteleza, kuchuluka kwa feteleza, komanso kudziwa zambiri za chilengedwe, anthu akakamiza kwambiri njira zopangira feteleza komanso momwe zinthu zikuyendera. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwasurfactantszitha kukulitsa khalidwe la feteleza. Kuphika kwakhala kovuta kwa mafakitale a feteleza, makamaka ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, urea, ndi feteleza wambiri. Pofuna kupewa kuyika, kuwonjezera pa njira zodzitetezera panthawi yopanga, kulongedza, ndi kusunga, zowonjezera zowonjezera zimatha kuwonjezeredwa ku feteleza.
Urea amakonda kupanga keke panthawi yoyendetsa ndi kusungirako, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kugulitsa kwake ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake. Chodabwitsa ichi chimachitika chifukwa cha recrystallization pamwamba pa urea granules. Chinyezi mkati mwa ma granules chimasuntha kupita kumtunda (kapena kumatenga chinyezi cha mumlengalenga), kupanga madzi ochepa. Kutentha kumasinthasintha, chinyezichi chimasanduka nthunzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi amadzimadzi azitha kusungunuka ndikupangitsa kuti caking.
Ku China, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amapezeka m'mitundu itatu: ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ndi amide nitrogen. Feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi feteleza wapawiri wowonjezera kwambiri wokhala ndi ammonium ndi nayitrogeni wa nitrate. Mosiyana ndi urea, nayitrogeni wa nayitrogeni mu feteleza wa nayitrogeni amatha kuyamwa mwachindunji ndi mbewu popanda kutembenuzidwa kwachiwiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu zambiri. Feteleza wa nitro ndi oyenera ku mbewu zandalama monga fodya, chimanga, mavwende, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mitengo yazipatso, zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino kuposa urea m'dothi lamchere ndi madera a karst. Komabe, popeza feteleza wa nayitrogeni makamaka amakhala ndi ammonium nitrate, yomwe imakhala ndi hygroscopic kwambiri ndipo imadutsa kusintha kwa kristalo ndi kusintha kwa kutentha, amakonda kuyika.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ma Surfactants mu Kukonzanso Dothi Lowonongeka
Ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale monga petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, ndi mapulasitiki, zosiyanasiyana hydrophobic organic zoipitsa (mwachitsanzo, mafuta hydrocarbons, halogenated organics, polycyclic onunkhira hydrocarbons, mankhwala) ndi ayoni heavy zitsulo kulowa m'nthaka kudzera zitayira, kutayikira, kuchititsa distaposal kwambiri mafakitale, kuchititsa dischargeges kwambiri mafakitale. Zowononga zachilengedwe za Hydrophobic organic organic organic zimagwirizana mosavuta ndi zinthu zam'nthaka, kumachepetsa kupezeka kwawo komanso kulepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka.
Ma Surfactants, pokhala ma amphiphilic mamolekyu, amawonetsa kuyanjana kwakukulu kwamafuta, ma hydrocarbon onunkhira, ndi ma halogenated organics, kuwapangitsa kukhala ogwira mtima pakukonzanso nthaka.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ma Surfactants mu Agricultural Water Conservation
Chilala ndi nkhani yapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo zokolola zawonongeka chifukwa cha chilala chofanana ndi kuwonongeka kwa masoka ena anyengo. Kachitidwe ka kuponderezana kwa evaporation kumaphatikizanso kuwonjezera zida zamagetsi kuzinthu zomwe zimafunikira kusunga chinyezi (mwachitsanzo, madzi aulimi, malo omera), kupanga filimu yosasungunuka ya monomolecular pamwamba. Kanemayu amatenga malo ochepa a evaporation, kuchepetsa m'dera la evaporative komanso kusunga madzi.
Akapopera mbewu pamalo omera, ma surfactants amapanga mawonekedwe ozungulira: malekezero awo a hydrophobic (oyang'anizana ndi mbewu) amathamangitsa ndikutsekereza kutuluka kwa chinyezi chamkati, pomwe malekezero awo a hydrophilic (kuyang'ana mlengalenga) amathandizira kukhazikika kwa chinyezi mumlengalenga. Kuphatikizikako kumalepheretsa kutayika kwa madzi, kumawonjezera kukana kwa chilala, komanso kumawonjezera zokolola.
Mapeto
Mwachidule, ma surfactants ali ndi ntchito zambiri muukadaulo wamakono waulimi. Pamene njira zatsopano zaulimi zikutuluka komanso zovuta zakuwonongeka kwaposachedwa, kufunikira kwa kafukufuku wapamwamba waukadaulo ndi chitukuko kudzakula. Pokhapokha popanga ma surfactants apamwamba kwambiri ogwirizana ndi ntchitoyi nditha kufulumizitsa kukwaniritsidwa kwaukadaulo waulimi ku China.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-15-2025