Uburyo bwo guhitamo ibintu bikoreshwa mu gupima ibumba ritangiza kandi rigatuma rihinduka aside

1.Ibikoresho by'ibumba rihamye

Gutuza ibumba bikubiyemo ibintu bibiri: gukumira kubyimba kw'imyunyu ngugu y'ibumba no gukumira kwimuka kw'uduce tw'imyunyu ngugu y'ibumba. Mu gukumira kubyimba kw'ibumba, hashobora gukoreshwa imiti igabanya ubushyuhe nk'umunyu wa amine, umunyu wa quaternary ammonium, umunyu wa pyridinium, n'umunyu wa imidazoline. Mu gukumira kwimuka kw'uduce tw'imyunyu ngugu y'ibumba, imiti igabanya ubushyuhe y'ibumba irimo fluorine ishobora gukoreshwa.

2. Imiti ikoreshwa mu gupima aside

Kugira ngo wongere imbaraga zo gutera aside, muri rusange ni ngombwa kongeramo ibintu bitandukanye mu gisubizo cya aside. Surfactant iyo ari yo yose ijyanye n'igisubizo cya aside kandi ikanayinjizwa byoroshye n'ikorwa ryayo ishobora gukoreshwa nk'umuti ugabanya aside. Ingero zirimo amine hydrochloride zirimo amavuta, umunyu wa ammonium wa quaternary, n'umunyu wa pyridinium mu bisubizo bya cationic, hamwe na sulfonated, carboxymethylated, phosphate-esterified, cyangwa sulfate-esterified polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers mu bisubizo bya amphoteric. Bimwe mu bisubizo, nka aside dodecyl sulfonic n'umunyu wayo wa alkylamine, bishobora gutera aside mu mavuta kugira ngo bikore emulsion ya aside-mu mavuta, iyo ikoreshejwe nk'amazi akora aside, na yo igira uruhare mu kugabanya aside.

Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gukora nk'ibigabanya aside mu binyabutabire bitera aside. Ibintu bifite imiterere y'amashami, nka polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether na polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene pentaethylenehexamine, byose bishobora gukora nk'ibigabanya aside.

Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gukoreshwa nk'inyongeramusaruro zo gusukura aside yakoreshejwe. Ibintu bishobora gukoreshwa nk'inyongeramusaruro zirimo ubwoko bw'umunyu wa amine, ubwoko bw'umunyu wa ammonium wa quaternary, ubwoko bw'umunyu wa pyridinium, ubwoko butari ionic, ubwoko bwa amphoteric, na surfactants za fluorine.

Hari imiti igabanya ubushyuhe ishobora gukora nk'imiti igabanya ubushyuhe mu mavuta, nk'imiti igabanya ubushyuhe mu mavuta nka alkyl phenols, aside fatty, alkyl benzene sulfonic acides, na quaternary ammonium salts. Kubera ko aside yabo ishonga nabi, imiti igabanya ubushyuhe mu mavuta ishobora gukoreshwa mu kuyakwirakwiza mu gisubizo cya aside.

Kugira ngo hongerwe ingaruka zo kongera aside, ni ngombwa kongeramo umuti uhindura ubushuhe mu gisubizo cya aside kugira ngo uhindure ubushuhe bw'agace kari hafi y'aho amazi anyura, aho amazi anyura. Uruvange nka polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ether na phosphate-esterified polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ether binyuzwa mu ikorwa nk'urwego rwa mbere rwo kunyuzamo aside, bityo bigatanga ingaruka zo kunyuzamo aside.

Byongeye kandi, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bikoreshwa mu gukora ibintu nk'ibinure bya amine hydrochloride, umunyu wa ammonium wa quaternary, cyangwa ibintu bikoreshwa mu gukora ibintu bitari ionic-anionic, bikoreshwa nk'ibintu bitanga ifuro mu gutegura amazi akora aside y'ifuro, biganisha ku ntego zo kugabanya ubukana, gukumira ingese, no gukora aside yimbitse. Ubundi buryo, ibyo bintu bishobora gutegurwa nk'ibikoresho byo gukora aside, bigashyirwa mu ikorwa mbere y'uko aside ikoreshwa. Ingaruka za Jamin zikomoka ku dupira turi muri iyo furo zishobora guhindura aside, bigatuma aside ishongesha ibice bike bidashobora kwinjira neza no kunoza aside.