Kwambara amabuye y'agaciro nigikorwa cyo gukora gitegura ibikoresho fatizo byo gushonga ibyuma ninganda zikora imiti. Ibihingwa byimeza byabaye bumwe muburyo bwingenzi bwo gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro. Amabuye y'agaciro hafi ya yose arashobora gutandukana ukoresheje flotation.
Kugeza ubu Flotation ikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya amabuye y'agaciro ya fer fer yiganjemo ibyuma na manganese, nka hematite, smithsonite, na ilmenite; amabuye y'agaciro y'agaciro nka zahabu na feza; amabuye y'agaciro adafite fer arimo umuringa, isasu, zinc, cobalt, nikel, molybdenum, na antimoni, nk'amabuye y'agaciro ya sulfide nka galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite, molybdenite, na pentlandite, hamwe na minerval oxyde nka malachite, cerussite, hemimorphite; imyunyu ngugu itari umunyu nka fluorite, apatite, na barite; no gushonga imyunyu ngugu nka sylvite n'umunyu wa rutare. Irakoreshwa kandi mu gutandukanya amabuye y'agaciro adafite ubutare na silikate, harimo amakara, grafite, sulfure, diyama, quartz, mika, feldspar, beryl, na spodumene.
Flotation yakusanyije ubunararibonye mu bijyanye no gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro, hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rihoraho. Ndetse amabuye y'agaciro yo murwego rwo hasi kandi yubatswe mbere yabonaga ko adakoreshwa munganda arashobora kugarurwa no gukoreshwa (nkumutungo wa kabiri) binyuze muri flotation.
Mugihe umutungo wamabuye ugenda urushaho kuba mwiza, hamwe namabuye y'agaciro yagabanijwe neza kandi muburyo butandukanye mumabuye y'agaciro, ingorane zo gutandukana ziriyongera. Kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro, inganda nka metallurgie na chimique zisaba ubuziranenge bwiza kandi bwuzuye kubikoresho fatizo bitunganijwe, ni ukuvuga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye.
Ku ruhande rumwe, hakenewe kunoza ireme; kurundi ruhande, flotation igenda yerekana ibyiza kurenza ubundi buryo mugukemura ikibazo cyamabuye y'agaciro meza atoroshye gutandukana. Yabaye uburyo bukoreshwa cyane kandi butanga amabuye y'agaciro muri iki gihe. Mu ikubitiro ryakoreshejwe kumyunyu ngugu ya sulfide, flotation yagutse buhoro buhoro igera kumyunyu ngugu ya okiside, amabuye y'agaciro atari ubutare, nibindi. Kugeza ubu, toni miliyari z'amabuye y'agaciro atunganywa na flotation ku isi buri mwaka.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya flotation ntirigarukira gusa mu gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro ahubwo ryagutse no kurengera ibidukikije, metallurgie, gukora impapuro, ubuhinzi, imiti, ibiryo, ibikoresho, ubuvuzi, na biyolojiya.
Kurugero, flotation ikoreshwa mugusubirana ibice byingirakamaro mubicuruzwa bigezweho bya pyrometallurgie, ibinyabuzima, na slags; kugarura ibisigazwa byamazi nibicuruzwa biva muri hydrometallurgie; kubwo gukuraho impapuro zongeye gukoreshwa hamwe no kugarura fibre biva mumazi yimyanda mvaruganda; no kuvana peteroli iremereye kumusenyi wumugezi, gutandukanya ibyuka bihumanya bito, colloide, bagiteri, hamwe n’umwanda w’ibyuma n’umwanda, ibyo bikaba ari ibintu bisanzwe mubikorwa byubwubatsi bushingiye ku bidukikije.
Hamwe nogutezimbere mubikorwa bya flotation hamwe nuburyo, kimwe no kugaragara kwa reagent nibikoresho bishya kandi byiza, flotation izabona uburyo bwagutse mubikorwa byinshi mubikorwa byinshi. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko gukoresha inzira ya flotation bikubiyemo amafaranga menshi yo gutunganya bitewe na reagent (ugereranije no gutandukanya magnetique na gravit); ibisabwa bikomeye kubunini bwibiryo; ibintu byinshi bigira uruhare mubikorwa bya flotation, bisaba ubuhanga bwihuse; n'amazi mabi arimo reagent zisigaye zishobora kwangiza ibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-26-2025