Ni iki uzi ku bijyanye n'ibinyabutabire bya polymer

1. Ibitekerezo by'ibanze ku bintu bikoresha polymer surfactants

Ibikoresho bya polymer bivuga ibintu bifite uburemere bwa molekile bigera ku rwego runaka (ubusanzwe kuva kuri 103 kugeza kuri 106) kandi bifite imiterere imwe n'imwe ikora ku buso. Mu miterere, bishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bya bloc copolymers, graft copolymers, n'ibindi. Hashingiwe ku bwoko bwa ionic, polymer surfactants zigabanyijemo ibyiciro bine by'ingenzi: anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, na nonionic. Dukurikije inkomoko yazo, zishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bya polymer surfactants karemano, polymer surfactants karemano zahinduwe, na polymer surfactants za sintetike.

Ugereranyije n'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa surfactants bifite uburemere buke bwa molekile, ibintu by'ingenzi biranga ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa polymer surfactants ni ibi bikurikira:

(1) Zifite ubushobozi buke bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru no hagati y’uruso, kandi inyinshi muri zo ntizikora micelles;

(2) Bifite uburemere bwinshi bwa molekile, bigatuma imbaraga zo kwinjiramo zidakomera;

(3) Bagaragaza ubushobozi buke bwo gusohora ifuro, ariko uduheri bakora ntabwo duhindagurika cyane;

(4) Bigaragaza imbaraga nziza zo gukurura ingano y'ibinyabutabire;

(5) Bifite imiterere itangaje yo gutatanya no guhuza;

(6) Inyinshi mu nganda zikora surfactants za polymer zifite uburozi buke.

2. Imiterere y'imikorere ya polymer surfactants

·Ubushyuhe bw'ubuso

Bitewe n'imyitwarire y'ibice by'ibinyabutabire bya polymer bikunda amazi n'amazi ku buso cyangwa aho bihurira, bifite ubushobozi bwo kugabanya umuvuduko w'ubuso n'aho bihurira, nubwo ubu bushobozi muri rusange buri hasi ugereranyije n'ubw'ibinyabutabire bifite uburemere buke bwa molekile.

Ubushobozi bwa polymer surfactants bwo kugabanya umuvuduko w'ubuso ni buke ugereranyije n'ubw'udusimba dufite uburemere buke bwa molekile, kandi imikorere yatwo igabanuka cyane uko uburemere bwa molekile bwiyongera.

·Guteranya no gukwirakwiza ibinyabutabire

Nubwo zifite uburemere bwinshi bwa molekile, polymer surfactants nyinshi zishobora gukora micelles mu gice cyatatanye kandi zigagaragaza micelle concentration ikomeye (CMC), bityo zigatanga imikorere yo gukurura. Imiterere yazo itera igice kimwe cya molekile kwinjira ku buso bw'uduce mu gihe ikindi gice gishonga mu gice gikomeza (uburyo bwo gutatanya). Iyo uburemere bwa molekile ya polymer butari hejuru cyane, bugaragaza ingaruka mbi, bugatera imbogamizi ku buso bw'uduce twa monomer cyangwa uduce twa polymer kugira ngo budaterana no guhurirana.

·Gufungana kw'amaraso

Iyo polymer surfactants ifite uburemere bwinshi cyane bwa molekile, ishobora kwinjirira ku duce twinshi, igakora ikiraro hagati yatwo maze ikarema uduce duto, bityo igakora nk'uduce duto duto.

· Izindi mirimo

Ibintu byinshi bya polymer surfactants ubwabyo ntibikora ifuro rikomeye, ariko byahozeBirinda kubika amazi cyane no kudahindagurika cyane mu ifuro. Bitewe n'uburemere bwabyo bwinshi bwa molekile, bifite kandi ubushobozi bwo gukora filime no gufata neza.

·Imyitwarire yo gukemura ibibazo

Imyitwarire y'ibinyabutabire bya polymer mu bintu biyungurura: Ibinyabutabire byinshi bya polymer ni amphiphilic block cyangwa graft copolymers. Mu bintu biyungurura, imyitwarire yabyo mu bisubizo iragoye kurusha iya molekile nto cyangwa homopolymers. Ibintu nk'imiterere ya molekile, uburebure bw'ibice biyungurura, imiterere, n'imiterere ya solvent bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku miterere y'ibisubizo byabyo. Kimwe n'ibinyabutabire binini bifite uburemere buke bwa molekile, polile ziyungurura zigabanya ubushyuhe bw'ubuso binyuze mu kwikurura amatsinda y'amazi ku buso mu gihe icyarimwe bigakora micelles mu bisubizo.