Shampoo chigadzirwa chinoshandiswa muhupenyu hwevanhu hwezuva nezuva kubvisa tsvina kubva mumusoro nebvudzi uye kuchengetedza ganda remusoro nebvudzi zvakachena. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinoshandiswa mushampoo ma surfactants (anonzi ma surfactants), ma thickeners, ma conditioner, ma preservatives, nezvimwewo. Chinhu chakakosha ma surfactants. Mabasa ema surfactants anosanganisira kwete chete kuchenesa, kupupuma furo, kudzora maitiro e rheological, uye kupfava kweganda, asiwo kutamba basa guru mu cationic flocculation. Nekuti cationic polymer inogona kuiswa pabvudzi, maitiro acho ane chekuita nebasa repamusoro, uye basa repamusoro rinobatsirawo kuisa zvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira (senge silicone emulsion, anti-dandruff actives). Kuchinja system ye surfactant kana kuchinja mazinga e electrolyte kunogara kuchikonzera chain reaction ye conditioning polymer effects mu shampoo.
1. Chiitiko chetafura yeSLES
SLS ine simba rakanaka rekunyorovesa, inogona kugadzira furo rakapfuma, uye inowanzo gadzira furo rinopenya. Zvisinei, ine hukama hwakasimba nemapuroteni uye inotsamwisa ganda zvakanyanya, saka haiwanzo shandiswa sechinhu chikuru pamusoro. Chinhu chikuru chinoshanda pari zvino cheshampoos iSLES. Mhedzisiro yekunyorovesa yeSLES paganda nebvudzi iri pachena yakaderera pane yeSLS inoenderana nayo. Zvigadzirwa zveSLES zvine mwero wepamusoro we ethoxylation hazvizove nemhedzisiro yekunyorovesa. Pamusoro pezvo, furo reSLES Rine kugadzikana kwakanaka uye kuramba kwakasimba kumvura yakaoma. Ganda, kunyanya mucous membrane, rinoshivirira zvakanyanya SLES kupfuura SLS. Sodium laureth sulfate uye ammonium laureth sulfate ndidzo mbiri dzinonyanya kushandiswa dzeSLES surfactants pamusika. Tsvagiridzo yakaitwa naLong Zhike nevamwe yakawana kuti laureth sulfate amine ine furo rakawanda, kugadzikana kwakanaka kwefuro, vhoriyamu ine furo ine mwero, detergent yakanaka, uye bvudzi rakapfava mushure mekusukwa, asi laureth sulfate ammonium salt Ammonia gasi inoparadzaniswa mumamiriro ezvinhu ealkaline, saka sodium laureth sulfate, inoda pH yakafara, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, asi inotsamwisawo kupfuura ammonium salts. Huwandu hwemayuniti eSLES ethoxy hunowanzo kuve pakati peyuniti imwe neshanu. Kuwedzerwa kwema ethoxy groups kuchaderedza critical micelle concentration (CMC) yema sulfate surfactants. Kuderera kukuru kweCMC kunoitika mushure mekuwedzera boka rimwe chete re ethoxy, nepo mushure mekuwedzera mapoka maviri kusvika mana e ethoxy, kuderera kwacho kwakaderera zvikuru. Sezvo ma ethoxy units achiwedzera, kuenderana kweAES neganda kuri nani, uye hapana kutsamwisa kweganda kunoonekwa muSLES ine ma ethoxy units angangoita gumi. Zvisinei, kuunzwa kwema ethoxy groups kunowedzera kunyungudika kwe surfactant, izvo zvinotadzisa kuvaka viscosity, saka chiyero chinofanira kuwanikwa. Mashampoo mazhinji ekutengeserana anoshandisa SLES ane avhareji ye1 kusvika ku3 ethoxy units.
Muchidimbu, SLES inodhura zvishoma mumhando dzeshampoo. Haingori furo rakapfuma chete, haipindi mvura yakaoma, iri nyore kukora, uye inokurumidza kudonha, saka ichiri surfactant inonyanya kushandiswa mumashampoo aripo iye zvino.
2. Amino acid surfactants
Mumakore achangopfuura, nekuti SLES ine dioxane, vatengi vave kushandisa masisitimu esurfactant asina kusimba, akadai seamino acid surfactant systems, alkyl glycoside surfactant systems, nezvimwewo.
MaAmino acid surfactants akakamurwa kuva acyl glutamate, N-acyl sarcosinate, N-methylacyl taurate, nezvimwewo.
2.1 Acyl glutamate
Acyl glutamates dzakakamurwa kuita monosodium salts nedisodium salts. Mvura inobuda mu monosodium salts ine acidic, uye mvura inobuda mu disodium salts ine alkaline. Acyl glutamate surfactant system ine kugona kwakakodzera kwekuputira furo, kunyorovesa uye kugeza, uye yakasimba mvura inorwisa zviri nani pane kana yakafanana neSLES. Yakachengeteka zvikuru, haizokonzere kutsamwa kweganda uye kunzwa, uye ine toxicity shoma. , kamwe chete kutsamwisa mucosa yemaziso kudiki, uye kutsamwa kweganda rakakuvara (mass fraction 5% solution) kuri pedyo nekwemvura. Acyl glutamate inonyanya kumiririrwa idisodium cocoyl glutamate. . Disodium cocoyl glutamate inogadzirwa kubva ku natural coconut acid neglutamic acid yakachengeteka mushure meacyl chloride. Li Qiang nevamwe vake vakawana mu "Research on the Application of Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate in Silicone-Free Shampoos" kuti kuwedzera disodium cocoyl glutamate kuSLES system kunogona kuvandudza kugona kwefuro re system uye kuderedza zviratidzo zvakaita seSLES. Shampoo inorwadza. Kana dilution factor yaive kagumi, makumi maviri, makumi matatu, uye makumi mashanu, disodium cocoyl glutamate haina kukanganisa kumhanya kweflocculation uye simba resystem. Kana dilution factor iri ka70 kana ka100, flocculation effect iri nani, asi kukora kwacho kwakaoma. Chikonzero ndechekuti kune mapoka maviri ecarboxyl mu disodium cocoyl glutamate molecule, uye boka re hydrophilic head rinobatwa panzvimbo inopindirana. Nzvimbo yakakura inoita kuti pave nechikamu chidiki chekuisa zvinhu, uye surfactant inoungana nyore nyore kuita chimiro chedenderedzwa, zvichiita kuti zviome kugadzira micelles yakaita sehonye, zvichiita kuti zviome kukora.
2.2 N-acyl sarcosinate
N-acyl sarcosinate ine simba rekunyorovesa kubva pamhando yeasidhi isina simba kusvika kune isina simba, ine simba guru rekupumha furo nekudzikamisa, uye ine simba guru rekutsungirira mvura yakaoma nema electrolytes. Inonyanya kuratidzwa i sodium lauroyl sarcosinate. . Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate ine simba guru rekuchenesa. I amino acid-type anionic surfactant yakagadzirwa kubva kuzvisikwa zve lauric acid ne sodium sarcosinate kuburikidza nekuita kwematanho mana e phthalization, condensation, acidification uye salt formation. Mukushanda kwe sodium lauroyl sarcosinate maererano nekushanda kwe furo, huwandu hwe furo uye kushanda kwe defoaming kuri pedyo nekwe sodium laureth sulfate. Zvisinei, mu shampoo system ine cationic polymer imwechete, flocculation curves yeiri mbiri iripo. musiyano uri pachena. Muchikamu che furo nekukwesha, amino acid system shampoo ine rubbing slipperiness yakaderera pane sulfate system; Padanho rekukwesha, kwete chete kutsvedza kwekukwesha kwakaderera zvishoma, asiwo kumhanya kwekukwesha kweshampoo yeamino acid kwakaderera pane kweshampoo yesulfate. Wang Kuan nevamwe vake vakaona kuti system ye compound ye sodium lauroyl sarcosinate uye nonionic, anionic uye zwitterionic surfactants. Nekuchinja ma parameter akadai se surfactant dosage uye ratio, zvakaonekwa kuti kune binary compound systems, huwandu hushoma hwe alkyl glycosides hunogona kuita synergistic thickening; nepo muma ternary compound systems, ratio ine simba guru pa viscosity ye system, pakati payo Kusanganiswa kwe sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, cocamidopropyl betaine uye alkyl glycosides kunogona kuita zviri nani self-thickening effects. Amino acid surfactant systems inogona kudzidza kubva kurudzi urwu rwe thickening scheme.
2.3 N-Methylacyltaurine
Hunhu hwemuviri nehwemakemikari hweN-methylacyl taurate hwakafanana nehwe sodium alkyl sulfate ine urefu hwakafanana hwecheni. Ine hunhu hwakanaka hwekuburitsa furo uye haikanganisike nyore ne pH nekuomarara kwemvura. Ine hunhu hwakanaka hwekuburitsa furo muhuwandu husina kusimba, kunyangwe mumvura yakaoma, saka ine huwandu hwakakura hwekushandiswa kupfuura alkyl sulfates, uye hainyanyi kutsamwisa ganda kupfuura N-sodium lauroyl glutamate uye sodium lauryl phosphate. Pedyo ne, yakaderera zvikuru pane SLES, i surfactant isinganyanyi kushatirisa, ine hunyoro. Inonyanya kumiririrwa i sodium methyl cocoyl taurate. Sodium methyl cocoyl taurate inoumbwa nekusanganiswa kwemafuta acids anobva muzvisikwa uye sodium methyl taurate. I amino acid surfactant yakajairika ine furo rakapfuma uye kugadzikana kwakanaka kwefuro. Hazvikanganisike ne pH nemvura. Hunhu hwekuoma. Sodium methyl cocoyl taurate ine synergistic thickening effect ne amphoteric surfactants, kunyanya betaine-type amphoteric surfactants. Zheng Xiaomei nevamwe vake mu "Tsvakurudzo pamusoro peKushandiswa kweMashandiro eMaAmino Acid Surfactants mana muShampoos" yakatarisana nesodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl alanate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, uye sodium lauroyl aspartate. Chidzidzo chekuenzanisa chakaitwa pamusoro pekushanda kwekushandisa mushampoo. Kutora sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) sechiratidzo, kushanda kwefuro, kugona kuchenesa, kushanda kwekusimbisa uye kushanda kweflocculation zvakakurukurwa. Kuburikidza nekuyedza, zvakagumiswa kuti kushanda kwefuro kwesodium cocoyl alanine nesodium lauroyl sarcosinate kuri nani zvishoma pane kweSLES; kugona kuchenesa kwemaamino acid surfactants mana hakuna musiyano mukuru, uye ese ari nani zvishoma pane SLES; Kusimba kwekusimbisa kunowanzova kwakaderera pane SLES. Nekuwedzera thickener yekugadzirisa viscosity yesystem, viscosity yesodium cocoyl alanine system inogona kuwedzerwa kusvika pa1500 Pa·s, nepo viscosity yemamwe matatu amino acid system ichiri pasi pe1000 Pa·s. Makomba ekutenderera e amino acid surfactants mana akapfava kupfuura eSLES, zvichiratidza kuti amino acid shampoo inoyerera zvishoma nezvishoma, nepo sulfate system ichimhanya zvishoma. Muchidimbu, paunenge uchisimbisa amino acid shampoo formula, unogona kufunga nezvekuwedzera nonionic surfactants kuti uwedzere micelle concentration nechinangwa chekuiwedzera. Unogona zvakare kuwedzera polymer thickeners dzakadai sePEG-120 methylglucose dioleate. Pamusoro pezvo, , kuwedzera cationic conditioners dzakakodzera kuti uwedzere kugwinha kuchiri kuoma mumhando iyi yekugadzira.
3. Zvishandiso zveNonionic alkyl glycoside
Kuwedzera kune amino acid surfactants, nonionic alkyl glycoside surfactants (APGs) dzakakwezva kutariswa kwakapararira mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwekusatsamwa kwazvo, hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza, uye kushandirana zvakanaka neganda. Pamwe chete nemasurfactants akadai se fatty alcohol polyether sulfates (SLES), non-ionic APGs anoderedza kudzorwa kwemagetsi kwemapoka eanionic eSLES, nokudaro achigadzira ma micelles makuru ane chimiro chakafanana netsvimbo. Ma micelles akadaro haawanzo kupinda muganda. Izvi zvinoderedza kusangana nemapuroteni eganda uye kusatsamwa kunokonzerwa nawo. Fu Yanling nevamwe vake vakaona kuti SLES yakashandiswa se anionic surfactant, cocamidopropyl betaine uye sodium lauroamphoacetate zvakashandiswa se zwitterionic surfactants, uye decyl glucoside ne cocoyl glucoside zvakashandiswa se nonionic surfactants. Mishonga inoshanda, mushure mekuyedzwa, anionic surfactants ine hunhu hwakanakisa hwekufuridzira furo, ichiteverwa ne zwitterionic surfactants, uye APGs dzine hunhu hwakaipisisa hwekufuridzira furo; Mashampoo ane anionic surfactants sezvinhu zvikuru zvinoshanda pamusoro ane flocculation yakajeka, nepo zwitterionic surfactants nema APG ane hunhu hwakaipa hwekuburitsa furo. Hapana flocculation yakaitika; maererano nehunhu hwekusuka uye kunyorova bvudzi, kurongeka kubva pane zvakanakisa kusvika pane zvakaipa ndekwekuti: APGs > anions > zwitterionics, nepo mubvudzi rakaoma, hunhu hwekukwesha mashampoos ane anions nema zwitterions semain surfactants zvakaenzana. , shampoo ine APGs semain surfactant ine hunhu hwakaipa hwekukwesha; bvunzo yehuku embryo chorioallantoic membrane inoratidza kuti shampoo ine APGs semain surfactant ndiyo yakanyanya kunyorosha, nepo shampoo ine anions nema zwitterions semain surfactants ndiyo yakanyanya kunyorosha. APGs dzine CMC yakaderera uye sipo dzinoshanda zvikuru dzeganda nemafuta e sebum. Saka, APGs dzinoshanda semain surfactant uye dzinowanzoita kuti bvudzi rinzwe rakabviswa uye rakaoma. Kunyangwe zvazvo dziri nyoro paganda, dzinogonawo kubvisa mafuta uye kuwedzera kuoma kweganda. Saka, kana uchishandisa maAPG semushonga mukuru wekubvisa mafuta, unofanirwa kufunga nezvekuti dzinobvisa mafuta eganda kusvika papi. Mafuta ekudzivirira ganda akakodzera anogona kuwedzerwa mufomura kudzivirira dandruff. Pakuoma, munyori anofungawo kuti inogona kushandiswa seshampoo yekudzora mafuta, senzira yekutarisa chete.
Muchidimbu, hurongwa hukuru huripo hwekushanda pamusoro peganda mumafomura eshampoo huchiri kutungamirwa nekushanda kwepamusoro peganda, uko kwakakamurwa kuita masisitimu maviri makuru. Chekutanga, SLES inosanganiswa ne zwitterionic surfactants kana non-ionic surfactants kuderedza kushatirwa kwayo. Sisitimu iyi ine furo rakapfuma, iri nyore kukora, uye ine flocculation inokurumidza ye cationic ne silicone oil conditioners uye inodhura zvishoma, saka ichiri sisitimu huru ye surfactant mumusika. Chechipiri, anionic amino acid salts inosanganiswa ne zwitterionic surfactants kuwedzera mashandiro e furo, inova nzvimbo inonyanya kufarirwa mukugadzirwa kwemusika. Rudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa chefomura haruna kusimba uye rune furo rakapfuma. Zvisinei, nekuti amino acid salt system formula inoyerera zvishoma nezvishoma, bvudzi rerudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa rakaoma. . Non-ionic APGs dzave nzira itsva mukugadzirwa kweshampoo nekuda kwekubatana kwavo zvakanaka neganda. Dambudziko mukugadzira rudzi urwu rwefomura nderekuwana ma surfactants anoshanda zvakanyanya kuti awedzere kupfuma kwe furo, uye kuwedzera moisturizers dzakakodzera kuderedza kukanganiswa kweAPGs paganda remusoro. Mamiriro ekunze akaoma.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-21-2023