Masisitimu ekupararira kwemvura ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa, uye anogona kushandiswa kuongorora hukama huripo pakati pechimiro chesurfactant nekupararira. Sezvinhu zvakasimba zvehydrophobic, zvinogona kukweva mapoka ehydrophobic esurfactants. Panyaya yeanionic surfactants, mapoka ehydrophilic anotarisana nekunze anodzingana nekuda kwekufanana kwawo. Zviri pachena kuti kushanda kweadsorption yesurfactants kunowedzera nekureba kwe hydrophobic chain, uye nekudaro surfactants dzine carbon chains refu dzinoratidza kupararira kuri nani pane dzine cheni pfupi.
Kuwedzera kunyungudika kwemasurfactants kunowanzo wedzera kunyungudika kwawo mumvura, nokudaro zvichideredza kunyungudika kwawo pamusoro pezvinhu. Izvi zvinonyanya kuoneka kana simba rekubatana pakati pesurfactant nezvimedu risina simba. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzirira masisitimu ekupararira kwedhayi remvura, lignosulfonate dispersants ine sulfonate yakawanda inogona kushandiswa kumadhayi ane hydrophobic yakasimba kuti igadzire masisitimu ekupararira ane kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekupisa. Zvisinei, kushandisa dispersant imwechete kumadhayi ane hydrophilic kunoita kuti pave nekugadzikana kusina kunaka kwekupisa; zvakasiyana, kushandisa lignosulfonate dispersants ine sulfonation yakaderera kunoita kuti masisitimu ekupararira ave nekugadzikana kwakanaka kwekupisa. Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti dispersants dzine sulfonate yakawanda dzine kunyungudika kwakanyanya pakupisa kwakakwira, zvichiita kuti dzibve nyore nyore pamusoro pemadhayi ane hydrophilic, uko kubatana kwekutanga kwatove kusina simba, nokudaro zvichideredza kupararira.
Kana zvikamu zvakapararira pachazvo zvine magetsi emagetsi uye surfactant ine machaji akasiyana yakasarudzwa, flocculation inogona kuitika machaji ari pazvikamu asati abviswa simba. Kana chikamu chechipiri chesurfactant chanyudzwa pazvikamu zvisina simba remagetsi ndipo panogona kuwanikwa kupararira kwakasimba. Kana surfactant ine machaji akafanana yakasarudzwa, kunyudzwa kwesurfactant pazvikamu kunova kwakaoma; saizvozvowo, kunyudzwa kwakakwana kwekugadzirisa kupararira kunowanikwa chete kana paine huwandu hwakawanda. Mukuita, ma ionic dispersants anoshandiswa anowanzo kuve nemapoka akawanda e ionic akagoverwa.pamorekuru yese yesurfactant, nepo mapoka avo ehydrophobic aine cheni dzehydrocarbon dzisina kuzara dzine mapoka epolar akadai searomatic rings kana ether bonds.
Kune masurfactants epolyoxyethylene nonionic, macheni epolyoxyethylene ane mvura yakawanda anopinda muchikamu chemvura muchimiro chakakombama, zvichigadzira chipingamupinyi chinoshanda chesteric kurwisa kuunganidzwa kwezvikamu zvakasimba. Panguva iyi, macheni eoxyethylene ane hydrated akawanda anoderedza zvakanyanya simba revan der Waals pakati pezvikamu, zvichiita kuti zvive zvinoparadzira zvakanaka. Block copolymers yepropylene oxide ne ethylene oxide dzakakodzera kushandiswa sevanoparadzira. Macheni avo marefu epolyoxyethylene anowedzera kunyungudika mumvura, nepo mapoka avo epolypropylene oxide hydrophobic anokurudzira kunyungudika kwakasimba pazvikamu zvakasimba; saka, macopolymers ane macheni marefu ezvikamu zvese zviri zviviri akanakisa sevanoparadzira.
Kana ma surfactants e ionic ne nonionic akabatanidzwa, sisitimu yakasanganiswa haingogonese mamorekuru kupinda muchikamu chemvura chete, zvichiita chipingamupinyi chinodzivirira kuungana kwezvikamu, asiwo inowedzera simba refirimu re interfacial pazvikamu zvakasimba. Saka, kune sisitimu yakasanganiswa, chero bedzi kuwedzera kwekunyunguduka kwezvikamu muchikamu chemvura kusingadzivisi zvakanyanya kunyungudika kwavo pamusoro pezvikamu, dispersant ine chains refu dze hydrophobic icharatidza kushanda kwakanaka kwekupararira.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-31-2025