Munguva yekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, mhando dzakasiyana dzekusvibisa, senge coking, masara emafuta, chiyero, sediments, uye corrosive deposits, inoungana mumidziyo uye mapaipi ekugadzira masisitimu. Aya madhipoziti anowanzo tungamira kune kutadza kwemidziyo uye pombi, kuderedzwa kwemaitiro ekugadzira masisitimu, kuwedzera kushandiswa kwesimba, uye mumatambudziko akaomarara, kunyangwe zviitiko zvekuchengetedza.
Mumakore achangopfuura, nekukurumidza kukura kwemaindasitiri matsva ekugadzira, kusvibiswa kwemaindasitiri kwakaramba kuchibuda, uye zvimiro zvaro zvemamorekuru zvawedzera kuoma. Pamusoro pezvo, nzira dzekunamatira uye mafomu pakati pekusvibisa maindasitiri uye akasiyana ekuchenesa tarisiro anowanzoenderana nerudzi rwekusvibisa pamwe nekuumbwa kwechimiro uye pamusoro pefizikiki makemikari zvinhu zvezvinhu zviri kucheneswa. Nekuda kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvinodiwa, kune kuwedzera kuri kuda kweiyo biodegradability uye isiri-chepfu yemakemikari vamiririri, izvo zvinoramba zvichiunza matambudziko matsva kumakemikari ekuchenesa matekinoroji.
Kemikari yekuchenesa tekinoroji yakazara inosanganisira kudzidza kwekusvibisa kuumbwa uye zvivakwa, kusarudzwa uye kugadzirwa kweanochenesa maajenti uye ekuwedzera, kusarudzwa kwecorrosion inhibitors, nzira dzekuchenesa nzira, kusimudzira uye mashandisirwo emidziyo yekuchenesa, tekinoroji yekutarisa panguva yekuchenesa, uye kurapwa kwemvura yetsvina, pakati pevamwe. Pakati peizvi, kusarudzwa kwevashandi vekuchenesa chinhu chakakosha chinotaridza budiriro yekuchenesa mashandiro, sezvo zvichikanganisa zvakananga kuchenesa, chiyero chekudzika, corrosion rate, uye mabhenefiti ehupfumi emidziyo.
Mishonga yekuchenesa inonyanya kuve nezvinhu zvitatu zvikuru: iyo yekutanga yekuchenesa mumiriri, corrosion inhibitors, uye surfactants. Nekuda kwechimiro chavo chemolecular, icho chine ese ari maviri hydrophilic uye hydrophobic mapoka, ma surfactants anotamba zvinzvimbo mukushambadza, kupinda, emulsification, kunyungudika, uye kuwacha panguva yekuchenesa makemikari. Haangoshandiswi chete seaya anobatsira asi anoonekwawo zvakanyanya sezvikamu zvakakosha, kunyanya mumatanho akadai sekuchenesa acid, alkaline kuchenesa, corrosion inhibition, degreasing, uye sterilization, kwavari kuwedzera kuratidza maitiro avo akakosha.
Iyo yekutanga yekuchenesa mumiriri, corrosion inhibitors, uye ma surfactants ndiwo matatu makuru zvikamu zvemakemikari ekuchenesa mhinduro. Iyo yakasarudzika kemikari chimiro che surfactants inovimbisa kuti, kana yakanyungudutswa mune yemvura mhinduro, ivo vanoderedza zvakanyanya kushushikana kwepamusoro kwemhinduro, nekudaro vachiwedzera kugona kwayo kunyorova. Kunyanya kana kuwanda kwevagadziriri mumhinduro kunosvika kune yakakosha micelle concentration (CMC), shanduko dzinocherechedzwa dzinoitika mukunetsekana kwesolution, osmotic pressure, viscosity, uye optical properties.
Iko kunyorova, kupinza, kuparadzira, emulsifying, uye solubilizing mhedzisiro yevanowedzera mumakemikari ekuchenesa maitiro vanowana zvakapetwa kaviri mhedzisiro nehafu yekuedza. Muchidimbu, ma surfactants mukuchenesa makemikari anonyanya kushanda mabasa maviri: kutanga, anowedzera kutaridzika kwezvisina kunyunguduka zvinosvibisa zvipenyu kuburikidza nekuita solubilizing kwema micelles, inozivikanwa sesolubilization effect; chechipiri, nekuda kwemapoka avo emamphiphilic, ma surfactants adsorb kana kuunganidza pane chinongedzo pakati pezvikamu zvemafuta nemvura, kuderedza kushushikana kwemukati.
Paunenge uchisarudza ma surfactants, kutarisisa kwakanyanya kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune zvivakwa zvekuchenesa mumiriri, corrosion inhibitors, uye ma surfactants, pamwe nekuenderana kwekudyidzana kwavo.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-28-2025