Mukushandiswa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene, kushandiswa zvakananga kwechinhu chinoshanda hakuwanzo kuwanikwa. Mishonga yakawanda inosanganisira kusanganisa mishonga inouraya zvipembenene nemishonga inouraya zvipembenene uye zvinonyungudutsa kuti iwedzere kushanda zvakanaka uye kuderedza mitengo. Mishonga inouraya zvipembenene ndiyo mishonga inobatsira zvikuru inowedzera kushanda kwemishonga iyi uku ichideredza mari inoshandiswa, kunyanya kuburikidza ne emulsification, furo/defoaming, dispersion, uye wetting effects. Kushandiswa kwazvo kwakapararira mumishonga inouraya zvipembenene kwakanyorwa zvakanaka.
Ma surfactants anovandudza kushushikana pakati pezvikamu mu emulsions, zvichigadzira uniform uye masisitimu ekupararira akasimba. Maumbirwo avo anofamba-famba mumvura zhinji—anobatanidza mapoka emvura anopfachukira uye anopfachukira—anoita kuti mvura ipinde mumvura ine mafuta. Izvi zvinoderedza kushushikana kwemukati memvura uye zvinoderedza simba rinodiwa pakugadzirwa kwemvura, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kugadzikana.
Kuparadzira zvinhu zvinoshanda zvemishonga inouraya zvipembenene mumvura sezvo zvidimbu zvidiki-diki zvinopa kushanda kwakanaka zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu. Emulsifiers inokanganisa zvakananga kugadzikana kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene, izvo zvinozosarudza kushanda kwayo.
Kugadzikana kunosiyana zvichienderana nehukuru hwemadonhwe:
● Zvidimbu <0.05 μm: Zvakanyungudutswa mumvura, zvakagadzikana zvikuru.
● Zvidimbu 0.05–1 μm: Zvizhinji zvakanyunguduka, zvakagadzikana.
● Zvidimbu 1–10 μm: Kudonha kwemvura zvishoma kana kuti kunaya kwemvura nekufamba kwenguva.
● Zvidimbu >10 μm: Zvakamira zvinoonekwa, hazvina kugadzikana zvakanyanya.
Sezvo maumbirwo emishonga inouraya zvipembenene achichinja, ma organophosphate ane chepfu yakawanda ari kutsiviwa nedzimwe nzira dzakachengeteka, dzinoshanda zviri nani, uye dzisina chepfu yakawanda. Makemikoro eHeterocyclic—akadai sepyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazole, thiazole, uye triazole derivatives—anowanzo kuwanikwa sezvinhu zvakasimba zvine kunyungudika kushoma muzvinonyungudutsa zvemazuva ano. Izvi zvinoda ma emulsifier matsva, anoshanda zvakanyanya, uye ane chepfu shoma kuti agadziriswe.
China, iyo iri kutungamira pasi rose mukugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene, yakashuma matani mamiriyoni 2.083 emushonga wemishonga inouraya zvipembenene wemhando yepamusoro muna 2018. Kuwedzera kweruzivo rwezvakatipoteredza kwakaita kuti pave nekudiwa kwemishonga yemhando yepamusoro. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kutsvagisa nekushandisa mishonga inouraya zvipembenene isingakuvadzi nharaunda uye inoshanda zvakanyanya kwave kukurumbira. Mishonga inouraya zvipembenene yemhando yepamusoro, sezvinhu zvakakosha, inoita basa guru mukusimudzira matekinoroji emishonga inouraya zvipembenene.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-13-2025