1. Pfungwa huru dzePolymer Surfactants
Ma "polymer surfactants" anoreva zvinhu zvine huremu hwemamorekuru hunosvika padanho rakati (kazhinji kubva pa103 kusvika pa106) uye zvine hunhu hunoshanda pamusoro pechinhu. Muchimiro, zvinogona kuiswa muzvikamu zve "block copolymers", "graft copolymers", nezvimwe. Zvichienderana nerudzi rweionic, ma "polymer surfactants" akakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvina zvikuru: anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, uye nonionic. Zvichienderana nekwaakabva, anogona kuiswa muzvikamu zve "natural polymer surfactants", "modified natural polymer surfactants", uye "synthetic polymer surfactants".
Zvichienzaniswa nezvinorema zvishoma zvemamorekuru, hunhu hukuru hwezvinoita mapolymer surfactants ndeizvi:
(1) Ane simba shoma rekuderedza kushushikana kwepamusoro nepakati pechiso, uye mazhinji acho haaite micelles;
(2) Ane huremu hwakawanda hwemamorekuru, zvichikonzera simba risina simba rekupinda;
(3) Hadzina simba rekubudisa furo, asi maburi adzinogadzira haana kugadzikana;
(4) Zvinoratidza simba rakanaka kwazvo re emulsifying;
(5) Ane hunhu hwakanaka hwekupararira uye kubatana;
(6) Zvizhinji zvema polymer surfactants hazvina chepfu yakawanda.
2. Hunhu hwePolymer Surfactants
·Kuneta Kwepamusoro
Nekuda kwemaitiro ekufamba kwezvikamu zvepolymer surfactants zvinorarama nemvura uye zvinotya mvura panzvimbo kana nzvimbo dzakabatana, zvine kugona kuderedza kushushikana kwepamusoro nepakati pechiso, kunyangwe kugona uku kuri kushoma pane kwezvinoita ma surfactants ane huremu hushoma.
Kukwanisa kwepolymer surfactants kuderedza kusimba kwenzvimbo kwakaderera pane kwe low-molecular-weight surfactants, uye kushanda kwavo pamusoro kunoderera zvakanyanya sezvo huremu hwemamorekuru huchiwedzera.
·Kubatanidza uye Kuparadzira
Pasinei nehuremu hwadzo hwakawanda hwemamorekuru, mapolymer surfactants mazhinji anogona kugadzira mamicelles mukati mechikamu chakapararira uye kuratidza huwandu hwakakosha hwemaminerari (CMC), nokudaro achizadzisa mabasa e emulsifying. Maumbirwo awo e amphiphilic anobvumira chikamu chimwe chemorekuru kuti chinyungudike pamusoro pezvinhu zvidiki ukuwo chimwe chikamu chichinyungudika muchikamu chinoenderera mberi (nzvimbo yekupararira). Kana huremu hwemamorekuru hwepolymer husina kukwira zvakanyanya, hunoratidza mhedzisiro ye steric inhibitory, zvichigadzira zvipingamupinyi pamusoro pemadonhwe emonomer kana polymer particles kudzivirira kuungana kwawo uye kubatana kwawo.
·Kusunga
Kana ma polymer surfactants aine huremu hwakawanda hwemamorekuru, anogona kunyudza zvidimbu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichiita mabhiriji pakati pawo uye kugadzira ma floc, nokudaro achiita sema flocculant.
· Mamwe Mabasa
Mazhinji ma polymer surfactants pachawo haabudise furo rakasimba, asi anobudaDzinodzivirira kuchengetedza mvura kwakasimba uye kugadzikana kwakanaka kwefuro. Nekuda kwehuremu hwadzo hwakawanda hwemamorekuru, dzinewo hunhu hwakanaka hwekugadzira firimu uye kunamira.
· Maitiro Ekugadzirisa
Maitiro epolymer surfactants muzvinhu zvinonyungudutsa zvakasarudzwa: Zvizhinji zvepolymer surfactants i amphiphilic block kana graft copolymers. Muzvinhu zvinonyungudutsa zvakasarudzwa, maitiro avo emhinduro akaomarara kupfuura e mamorekuru madiki kana homopolymers. Zvinhu zvakaita semaumbirwo emamorekuru, chiyero chehurefu hwezvikamu zve amphiphilic, chimiro, uye hunhu hwe solvent zvinopesvedzera zvakanyanya chimiro chemhinduro yavo. Kufanana nema surfactants ane huremu hwakaderera, ma amphiphilic polymers anoderedza kushushikana kwenzvimbo nekukweva mapoka e hydrophobic pamusoro ukuwo vachigadzira micelles mukati memhinduro panguva imwe chete.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-10-2025