Hantida dhaqidda eewaxyaabaha surfactants-ka ahwaa astaamaha aasaasiga ah ee siiya surfactants codsiyadooda ugu weyn ee wax ku oolka ah. Waxay ku lug leedahay nolol maalmeedka kumanaan qoys waxaana si isa soo taraysa loogu adeegsadaa dhammaan qaybaha nolosha iyo hababka wax soo saarka warshadaha kala duwan.
Saamaynta Ka-hortagga Aan Joogtada Ahaynee Surfactants
Faybarro, balaastig iyo alaabooyin kale ayaa badanaa dhaliya koronto aan dhaqdhaqaaq lahayn sababtoo ah is jiidjiid, taasoo wiiqaysa waxqabadkooda. Tusaale ahaan, dharka faybarka leh ee leh dallacaadyo aan dhaqdhaqaaq lahayn ayaa inta badan la kulma cillado sida ku dhegganaanta jirka, isku dhejinta aan dhaqdhaqaaq lahayn, iyo u janjeerta inay nuugto boodhka oo ay wasakhowdo. Saamaynta xun ee korontada aan dhaqdhaqaaq lahayn ku leedahay alaabada balaastikada ah ayaa ka sii daran. Badeecadaha balaastikada ah ee aan dhaqdhaqaaq lahayn ma aha oo kaliya inay si fudud u nuugaan boodhka, taasoo dhaawacaysa hufnaanta, nadiifinta dusha sare iyo muuqaalka alaabta, laakiin sidoo kale waxay yareysaa waxqabadkooda iyo qiimahooda.
Si loo baabi'iyo dhacdooyinka noocan oo kale ah ee taagan, habka ka hortagga sunta ayaa si ballaaran loo qaataa hadda. Sunta noocan oo kale ah waxaa loo yaqaan wakiilada ka hortagga sunta.
Qaybta 1aad Arrimo aan degganayn iyo Sababahooda
Inkasta oo ay jiraan farqiyo ka jira natiijooyinka taxanaha korantada ee fiilooyinka ay heleen tijaabiyeyaal kala duwan, fiilooyinka ka kooban xidhmooyinka amide sida dhogorta, nayloonka iyo dhogorta macmalka ah waxay u muuqdaan inay qaadaan kharashyo togan. Xaaladda korontada ee balaastikada caadiga ah waxaa lagu muujiyay Shaxda 10.-2. Taxanaha korantada ee walxaha caadiga ah laga bilaabo togan ilaa taban ayaa hoos ku taxan:
(+) Polyurethane-Timaha-Nayloon-Dhogor-Xariir-Faybarka Viscose-Cudbi-Cinjir adag-Faybarka Cellulose acetate-Viniloon-Polypropylene-Polyester-Polyacrylonitrile-Polyvinyl chloride-Vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer-Polyethylene-Polytetrafluoroethylene (-).
Habka saxda ah ee loo sameeyo koronto-dhaliyaha taagan si buuxda looma fahmin, haddana waxaa jira isku raacsanaan ah in korontada taagan ay ka timaaddo dallacaadaha moobaylka ee ka dhasha walxaha dhexdooda marka noocyada kala duwan ee walxaha ay is xoqaan. Nooca dallacaadda uu walax qaado waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa faa'iidada ama khasaaraha elektaroonada. Shay wuxuu noqdaa mid si togan u dallaca marka uu lumiyo elektaroonada oo si taban u dallaca marka uu helo elektaroono.
Qaybta 2 Wakiilada Ka-hortagga Xasaasiyadda
Waxaa jira laba hab oo ugu muhiimsan oo lagu baabi'in karo korontada taagan:
(1) Hababka Fiisikiska. Maadaama baaxadda korontada taagan ay saameyso heerkulka iyo qoyaanka, hababka fiisikiska sida hagaajinta heerkulka iyo qoyaanka iyo dheecaanka korona ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in laga saaro korontada taagan dusha sare ee walxaha.
(2) Hababka kiimikada dusha sare, oo ay ku jiraan isticmaalka surfactants (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan wakiilada ka hortagga istaatiijiyadda) si loogu sameeyo daaweynta dusha sare ee alaabta fiber iyo balaastikada ama loogu daro balaastikada si loo gaaro ujeeddada tirtiridda taagan.
1. Wakiilada Ka-hortagga Masiibada ee Faybarrada
Sifooyinka looga baahan yahay walxaha anti-static:
(1) Ha beddelin dareenka gacanta ee fiilooyinka; (2) Waxqabad wanaagsan oo ka-hortagga istaroogga oo leh qiyaas yar iyo waxtar heerkul hoose; (3) Ku-habboonaanta wanaagsan ee fiilooyinka resin; (4) Ku-habboonaanta aadka u fiican ee kaaliyaha kale; (5) Ma jiro xumbo iyo samays wasakh biyo ah; (6) Ma aha sun oo ma aha cuncun maqaarka; (7) Ilaali xasilloonida wanaagsan.
Noocyada wakiilada ka hortagga xasaasiyadda
Noocyada ugu muhiimsan ee wakiilada ka hortagga istaatiijiyadda ee loo isticmaalo fiilooyinka waa cationic iyo amphoteric surfactants.
Habka ficilka wakiilada ka hortagga xasaasiyadda
Habka ka-hortagga istaatiijiyadda ee loo isticmaalo ujeeddooyinka ka-hortagga faybarka waxaa inta badan lagu muujiyaa laba dhinac: ka hortagga jiilka taagan marka dharka faybarku la kulmo is-jiidjiid iyo fududeynta kala-baxa dallacaadaha dusha sare. Ka-hortagga korontada isku-jiidashada waxay si dhow ula xiriirtaa qaab-dhismeedka dahaarka, halka kala-baxa dallacaadaha dusha sare ay la xiriirto awoodda nuugista iyo hygroscopicity ee dahaarka faybarka.
Cationic surfactants si fudud ayay ugu milmi karaan dusha sare ee fiber-ka ee si xun loo dallacay iyagoo adeegsanaya dallacaaddooda togan.
①Waxay dhexdhexaadin karaan dallacaadaha dusha sare ee fiilooyinka;
②Waxyaabaha loo yaqaan 'cationic surfactants' waxay ku nuugaan dusha sare ee fiber-ka iyagoo jiho ahaan u jeeda halkaas oo ion-yada ammonium-ka quaternary ee togan ay ku dhegaan dusha sare ee fiber-ka, silsiladaha hydrophobic hydrocarbon-kana ay dibadda u jeedaan, iyagoo samaynaya filim nuugid oo u janjeedha oo ka kooban silsilado hydrocarbon ah oo ku yaal dusha sare ee fiber-ka. Filimkan nuugista wuxuu si wax ku ool ah u yareyn karaa xinjirowga dusha sare ee fiber-ka inta lagu jiro xinjirowga wuxuuna daciifin karaa korontada isku-dhafka ah.
Fiilooyinka macmalka ah ee leh polarity hooseeya iyo hydrophobicity xooggan, cationic surfactants waxay ku nuugaan dusha sare ee fiber-ka iyagoo adeegsanaya xoogagga van der Waals iyagoo adeegsanaya silsiladahooda hydrocarbon-ka ee hydrophobic, halka kooxaha ammonium-ka ee polar quaternary ay u jeedaan dibadda. Sidaas darteed dusha sare ee fiber-ka waxaa lagu daboolay kooxo polar hydrophilic ah, kuwaas oo aan kaliya hagaajinayn socodka dusha sare ee fiber-ka laakiin sidoo kale kordhiya qoyaanka dusha sare, taasoo sahlaysa kala firdhinta korantada taagan ee ka dhalata isku-dhafka iyo bixinta saameyn ka hortag ah.
Awoodda nuugista ee dioctadecyl ammonium chloride ee dusha sare ee fiber-ka dabiiciga ah ayaa si weyn uga sarreysa kan fiilooyinka synthetic-ga, taasoo muujinaysa inay gaarto waxqabad ka wanaagsan oo ka hortag ah fiilooyinka dabiiciga ah.
Sida surfactants-ka cationic, surfactants-ka amphoteric-ku waxay qaadaan dallacaad togan waxayna ku nuugi karaan dusha sare ee fiber-ka si xun loo dallacay si ay u dhexdhexaadiyaan dallacaadyada taagan. Kooxahooda hydrophobic-ka ah ayaa sidoo kale yareeya is-jiidjiidka. Marka la barbardhigo surfactants-ka cationic-ka, surfactants-ka amphoteric-ku waxay leeyihiin koox anionic dheeraad ah oo ku jirta qaab-dhismeedkooda molecular-ka, taasoo suurtogal ka dhigaysa haynta qoyaanka oo wanaagsan iyo kala-baxa dallacaadda. Sidaa darteed, surfactants-ka amphoteric-ku waa wakiillo ka-hortagga static-ka oo waxqabad sare leh, inkastoo ay ku kacayaan qiimo aad u sarreeya.
Surfactants-ka Anionic iyo nonionic waxay muujiyaan waxqabad liddi ku ah antistatic-ka sababtoo ah awooddooda nuugista oo hooseysa ee dusha sare ee fiber-ka. Qadarka nuugista ee surfactants-ka nonionic saameyn kuma yeesho dusha sare ee fiilooyinka waana ka sarreeya kan surfactants-ka anionic, haddana waxay leeyihiin saameyn daciif ah oo ku saabsan kala firdhinta taagan. Sidaa darteed awooddooda lidka ku ah statistik aad ayay uga hooseysaa tan surfactants-ka cationic iyo amphoteric.
2. Wakiilada Ka-hortagga Balaastikada
Habka ka-hortagga ah ee surfactants-ka loo isticmaalo sida wakiilada ka-hortagga ah ee balaastikada ah waa sidan soo socota: surfactants-ku waxay ku nuugaan dusha sare ee balaastikada iyagoo adeegsanaya silsiladahooda hydrocarbon-ka ee hydrophobic iyada oo loo marayo xoogga van der Waals, iyadoo kooxaha polar-ka ay dibadda u fidsan yihiin. Filim nuugid ah oo ku salaysan surfactants ayaa ka sameysma dusha sare ee balaastikada si ay u bixiyaan gudbin, taasoo u oggolaanaysa dallacaadaha taagan inay si hufan u kala baxaan. Dhanka kale, filimka nuugista ayaa sidoo kale yareyn kara isku dhaca dusha sare ee balaastikada.
Kala soocidda walxaha ka hortagga balaastikada ee balaastikada ah iyadoo loo eegayo nooca surfactant:
(1)Nooca anionic;
(2) Nooca Kaatikaanka;
(3) Nooca Amphoteric-ga;
(4) Nooca aan ionic ahayn.
Daawooyinka ka hortagga anti-static waxaa loo qaybin karaa laba qaybood iyadoo loo eegayo habka codsiga:
(1) Walxaha lidka ku ah dahaarka dusha sare;
(2) Waxyaabaha ka hortagga jeermiska.
Waqtiga boostada: Oktoobar-10-2026