Codsiga Surfactants ee Bacriminta
Ka-hortagga bacriminta bacriminta: Horumarinta warshadaha bacriminta, korodhka heerarka bacriminta, iyo kobcinta wacyiga deegaanka, bulshadu waxay ku soo rogtay baahiyo sare oo ku saabsan hababka wax soo saarka bacriminta iyo waxqabadka alaabta. Codsiga eesurfactantswaxay kor u qaadi kartaa tayada bacriminta. Caking waxay muddo dheer caqabad ku ahayd warshadaha bacriminta, gaar ahaan ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphates, urea, iyo bacriminta isku dhafan. Si looga hortago keega, marka lagu daro tallaabooyinka taxaddarka ah inta lagu jiro wax soo saarka, baakadaha, iyo kaydinta, surfactants ayaa lagu dari karaa bacriminta.
Urea waxay u egtahay in ay keega ku jirto inta lagu jiro gaadiidka iyo kaydinta, taas oo si ba'an u saameeya iibkeeda iyo isticmaalkeeda. Dhacdadani waxay ku dhacdaa iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay dib-u-kicinta dusha sare ee granules urea. Qoyaanka gudaha granules wuxuu u hayaamaa dusha sare (ama wuxuu nuugaa qoyaanka hawada), sameynta lakab biyo khafiif ah. Marka heerkulku is beddelo, qoyaankani wuu uumi baxaa, taasoo keenaysa in xalka dheregsan ee dusha sare uu soo miir-maro oo u horseedo gogosha.
Shiinaha, Bacriminta nitrogen waxay ugu horreyn u jiraan saddex nooc: ammonium nitrogen, nitrogen nitrate, iyo nitrogen amide. Bacriminta Nitro waa bacriminta isku-darka sare leh ee ka kooban amooniyam iyo nitrate labadaba. Si ka duwan urea, nitrogen nitrate ee bacriminta nitro waxaa si toos ah u nuugi kara dalagyada iyada oo aan la beddelin heerka labaad, taas oo keenta waxtarka sare. Bacriminta isku dhafka ah ee Nitro waxay ku habboon yihiin dalagyada lacagta caddaanka ah sida tubaakada, galleyda, qaraha, miraha, khudaarta, iyo geedaha miraha, iyagoo ka shaqeynaya si ka wanaagsan urea ee carrada alkaline iyo gobollada karst. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maadaama bacriminta dhismaha nitro ay inta badan ka kooban tahay amooniyam amooniyam, kaas oo ah mid aad u hygroscopic ah oo mara marxaladda kala-guurka ee isbeddelka heerkulka, waxay u nugul yihiin inay dhalaaliyaan.
Codsiga Surfactants ee hagaajinta ciidda wasakhaysan
Iyadoo horumarinta warshadaha sida petrochemicals, daawooyinka, iyo balaastikada, hydrophobic organic wasakh ah kala duwan (tusaale, petroleum hydrocarbons, organics halogenated, hydrocarbons caraf udgoon polycyclic, cayayaanka) iyo biraha culus galaa ciidda iyada oo daadinta, daadinta, dheecaanka warshadaha, iyo qashin aad u daran. Wasakhowga dabiiciga ah ee Hydrophobic ayaa si sahal ah ugu xidha maadada organic ciidda, taas oo yaraynaysa helitaankooda noole waxayna caqabad ku yihiin ka faa'iidaysiga ciidda.
Surfactants, oo ah molecules amphiphilic, waxay muujinayaan xiriir adag oo saliidda, hydrocarbons caraf udgoon, iyo organics halogenated, taasoo ka dhigaysa inay wax ku ool u tahay hagaajinta ciidda.
Codsiga Surfactants ee Ilaalinta Biyaha Beeraha
Abaartu waa arrin caalami ah, iyadoo wax-soo-saarkii dalaggu uu khasaaray abaarta, taasoo la mid ah khasaaraha isbiirsaday ee ka imaanaya masiibooyinka kale ee saadaasha hawada. Habka xakamaynta uumi-baxa waxa ku jira ku darida surfactants nidaamyada u baahan xajinta qoyaanka (tusaale, biyaha beeraha, oogada dhirta), samaynta filim monomolecular ah oo aan la milmi karin oogada. Filimkani waxa uu haystaa meel xaddidan oo uumi-baxa, isaga oo yareynaya aagga uumiga wax ku ool ah iyo ilaalinta biyaha.
Marka lagu buufiyo sagxadaha dhirta, surfactants waxay sameeyaan qaab-dhismeed jihaysan: cidhifyada hydrophobic-ka (oo u jeeda warshadda) waxay celiyaan oo xannibaan uumiga qoyaanka gudaha, halka darafyadooda hydrophilic (oo u jeedda hawada) ay fududeeyaan uumiga qoyaanka atmospheric. Saamaynta isku dhafan waxay joojisaa lumista biyaha, waxay kordhisaa caabbinta abaarta dalagga, waxayna kordhisaa wax soo saarka.
Gabagabo
Marka la soo koobo, surfactants waxay leeyihiin codsiyo ballaadhan oo ku saabsan tignoolajiyada casriga ah ee beeraha. Marka ay soo baxaan farsamooyinka cusub ee beeralayda iyo caqabadaha cusub ee wasakhowga ah ay soo baxaan, baahida cilmi-baarista sare ee cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta ayaa kori doonta. Kaliya in la abuuro surfactants waxtarka sare leh oo ku habboon goobtan waxaan ku dardargelin karnaa xaqiijinta casriyeynta beeraha ee Shiinaha.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-15-2025