Maxaad ka taqaanaa surfactants polymer

1. Fikradaha aasaasiga ah ee dusha sare ee polymer-ka

Mashiinnada polymer-ka ah waxay tixraacaan walxo leh miisaan kelli ah oo gaadhay heer go'an (sida caadiga ah waxay u dhaxaysaa 103 ilaa 106) oo leh qaar ka mid ah guryaha firfircoon ee dusha sare leh. Dhisme ahaan, waxaa loo kala saari karaa copolymers block, copolymers, graft copolymers, iyo kuwa kale. Iyada oo ku saleysan nooca ionic, surfactants polymer ayaa loo qaybiyaa afar qaybood oo waaweyn: anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, iyo nonionic. Marka loo eego asalkooda, waxaa loo kala saari karaa sida surfactants polymer-ka dabiiciga ah, surfactants polymer-ka dabiiciga ah oo la beddelay, iyo surfactants polymer synthetic.

Marka la barbar dhigo surfactants-molecular-yar, sifooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee surfactants polymer waa:

(1) Waxay leeyihiin awood aad u liidata si ay u yareeyaan xiisadda dusha sare iyo wejiyada dhexdooda, badidoodna ma sameeyaan miceles;

(2) Waxay leeyihiin miisaan sare oo kelli ah, taasoo keentay in ay daciifto awoodda galitaanka;

(3) Waxay muujiyaan awood xumbo-xumo liidata, laakiin goobooyinku waa kuwo deggan;

(4) Waxay muujiyaan awood ku dayasho aad u wanaagsan;

(5) Waxay leeyihiin sifooyin kala firdhisan oo isku xidhan;

(6) Inta badan surfactant-yada polymer-ka ayaa ah suntan hoose.

2. Astaamaha shaqaynaya ee Surfactants Polymer

· Xiisada Dusha

Sababtoo ah habdhaqanka jihaynta ee qaybaha hydrophilic iyo hydrophobic ee dusha sare ee polymer-ka ee sagxadaha ama is-dhexgalka, waxay leeyihiin awood ay ku yareeyaan xiisadda dusha sare iyo isdhexgalka, inkastoo awooddani ay guud ahaan ka hooseyso kan dusha sare ee miisaanka-molecular-hooseeya.

Awoodda dusha sare ee polymer-ka si ay hoos ugu dhigto xiisadda dusha sare waa ay ka daciifsan tahay kuwa dusha sare ee miisaanka-molecular-ka hooseeya, iyo dhaqdhaqaaqooda dusha sare ayaa si aad ah hoos ugu dhacaya marka miisaanka unugyadu uu kordho.

Emulsification iyo kala firdhisanaan

In kasta oo ay miisaankoodu sarreeyo, qaar badan oo ka mid ah surfactants-polymer-ka ayaa samayn kara miceles gudaha marxaladda kala firdhisan waxayna soo bandhigaan feejignaanta micele ee muhiimka ah (CMC), si ay u dhammaystiraan hawlaha emulsifying. Qaab dhismeedkooda amphiphilic wuxuu u ogolaanayaa in qayb ka mid ah molecule-ku ay ku dhufato dusha sare ee qaybaha halka qaybta kale ay ku milanto marxaladda joogtada ah (dhexdhexaadka kala firdhisanaanta). Marka miisaanka unugyadu aanu si xad dhaaf ah u sarrayn, waxa uu soo bandhigaa saamayn is-hortaag ah, isaga oo abuuraya caqabado dusha sare ee dhibco monomer ah ama qaybo polymer ah si ay uga hortagaan isu-ururintooda iyo isku-duubnidooda.

· xinjirowga dhiigga

Marka dusha sare ee polymerku ay leeyihiin culeysyo unugyo ah oo aad u sarreeya, waxay ku dhejin karaan qaybo badan, samaynta buundooyinka dhexdooda waxayna abuuraan qulqulo, sidaas darteed waxay u dhaqmaan sidii flocculants.

Hawlaha kale

Qaar badan oo ka mid ah surfactants polymer laftooda ma soo saaraan xumbo adag, laakiin waxay yihiin exjoojiso xajinta biyaha xooggan iyo xasilloonida xumbo aadka u wanaagsan. Sababtoo ah miisaankooda kelliyada sare, waxay sidoo kale leeyihiin aflaanta samaynta iyo sifooyin dhejis ah oo heersare ah.

Habdhaqanka Xalka

Habdhaqanka surfactants-ka polymer-ka ee dareerayaasha xulashada: Inta badan surfactants-yada polymer-ka waa block amphiphilic ama copolymers. Xalliyeyaasha xulashada, habdhaqankooda xalku waa ka adag yahay kan molecules yar yar ama homopolymers. Qodobbada sida qaab-dhismeedka molecular, saamiga dhererka qaybaha amphiphilic, halabuurka, iyo walxaha dareeraha ayaa si weyn u saameeya qaab-dhismeedka xalkooda. Sida dusha sare ee miisaanka-molecular-yar, polymers amphiphilic waxay yareeyaan xiisadda dusha sare iyagoo ku dhejinaya kooxaha hydrophobic ee dusha sare iyagoo isku mar ah samaynta miceles gudaha xalka.