Shampoo ke sehlahisoa se sebelisoang bophelong ba batho ba letsatsi le letsatsi ho tlosa litšila letlalong la hlooho le moriring le ho boloka letlalo la hlooho le moriri li hloekile. Metsoako e meholo ea shampoo ke li-surfactants (tse bitsoang li-surfactants), li-thickeners, li-conditioner, li-preservatives, jj. Motsoako oa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke li-surfactants. Mesebetsi ea li-surfactants ha e akarelletse feela ho hloekisa, ho foamisa foam, ho laola boitšoaro ba rheological, le bonolo ba letlalo, empa hape e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho flocculation ea cationic. Hobane polymer ea cationic e ka beoa moriring, ts'ebetso e amana haufi-ufi le ts'ebetso ea bokaholimo, 'me ts'ebetso ea bokaholimo e boetse e thusa ho beoa ha likarolo tse ling tse molemo (tse kang emulsion ea silicone, li-anti-dandruff actives). Ho fetola sistimi ea surfactant kapa ho fetola maemo a electrolyte ho tla lula ho baka karabelo ea ketane ea litlamorao tsa polymer ea conditioning ka shampoo.
1. Mosebetsi oa tafole ea SLES
SLS e na le phello e ntle ea ho nolofatsa letlalo, e ka hlahisa foam e ngata, 'me e atisa ho hlahisa foam e phatsimang. Leha ho le joalo, e na le tšebelisano e matla le liprotheine 'me e halefisa letlalo haholo, kahoo ha e sebelisoe hangata e le mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa bokaholimo. Motsoako o ka sehloohong o sebetsang oa li-shampoo ke SLES. Tšusumetso ea ho monya ha SLES letlalong le moriring e hlakile hore e tlase ho feta ea SLS e tsamaellanang. Lihlahisoa tsa SLES tse nang le tekanyo e phahameng ea ethoxylation ha e le hantle li ke ke tsa ba le phello ea ho monya. Ho phaella moo, foam ea SLES E na le botsitso bo botle le ho hanyetsa metsi a thata. Letlalo, haholo-holo lera la mucous, le mamella SLES haholo ho feta SLS. Sodium laureth sulfate le ammonium laureth sulfate ke li-surfactants tse peli tse sebelisoang haholo tsa SLES 'marakeng. Patlisiso ea Long Zhike le ba bang e fumane hore laureth sulfate amine e na le viscosity e phahameng ea foam, botsitso bo botle ba foam, bophahamo bo itekanetseng ba foam, detergent e ntle, le moriri o bonolo ka mor'a ho hlatsuoa, empa laureth sulfate ammonium salt Ammonium gas e tla aroloa tlas'a maemo a alkaline, kahoo sodium laureth sulfate, e hlokang pH e pharaletseng, e sebelisoa haholo, empa hape e halefisa ho feta matsoai a ammonium. Palo ea li-unit tsa SLES ethoxy hangata e pakeng tsa li-unit tse 1 le tse 5. Ho eketsoa ha lihlopha tsa ethoxy ho tla fokotsa mahloriso a bohlokoa a micelle (CMC) a li-surfactants tsa sulfate. Phokotso e kholo ka ho fetisisa ho CMC e etsahala ka mor'a ho eketsa sehlopha se le seng feela sa ethoxy, ha ka mor'a ho eketsa lihlopha tse 2 ho isa ho tse 4 tsa ethoxy, phokotso e tlase haholo. Ha li-unit tsa ethoxy li ntse li eketseha, ho lumellana ha AES le letlalo hoa ntlafala, 'me hoo e batlang e se na ho teneha ha letlalo ho bonoang ho SLES e nang le li-unit tse ka bang 10 tsa ethoxy. Leha ho le joalo, ho kenyelletsoa ha lihlopha tsa ethoxy ho eketsa ho qhibiliha ha surfactant, e leng se sitisang kaho ea viscosity, kahoo ho hlokahala hore ho fumanoe tekano. Li-shampoo tse ngata tsa khoebo li sebelisa SLES tse nang le karolelano ea li-unit tse 1 ho isa ho tse 3 tsa ethoxy.
Ka bokhutšoanyane, SLES e theko e tlase mefuteng ea shampoo. Ha e na foam e ngata feela, e hanyetsa metsi a thata ka matla, e bonolo ho e teteanya, 'me e na le ho thothomela ka potlako ha cationic, kahoo e ntse e le surfactant e ka sehloohong mefuteng ea shampoo ea hona joale.
2. Li-surfactant tsa amino acid
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, kaha SLES e na le dioxane, bareki ba retelehetse ho litsamaiso tse bobebe tsa surfactant, tse kang litsamaiso tsa amino acid surfactant, litsamaiso tsa alkyl glycoside surfactant, jj.
Li-surfactants tsa amino acid li arotsoe haholo-holo ka acyl glutamate, N-acyl sarcosinate, N-methylacyl taurate, jj.
2.1 Acyl glutamate
Acyl glutamates li arotsoe ka letsoai la monosodium le letsoai la disodium. Tharollo ea metsi ea letsoai la monosodium e na le asiti, 'me tharollo ea metsi ea letsoai la disodium ke alkaline. Sistimi ea acyl glutamate surfactant e na le bokhoni bo loketseng ba ho foufatsa, ho kolobisa le ho hlatsoa, le ho hanyetsa metsi a thata ho feta kapa ho tšoana le SLES. E bolokehile haholo, e ke ke ea baka ho teneha ha letlalo le matla le ho utloa bohloko, 'me e na le chefo e tlase ea phototoxicity. , ho teneha hanngoe feela ho mucosa ea mahlo ho bonolo, 'me ho teneha ha letlalo le lemetseng (tharollo ea karolo ea boima ba 5%) ho haufi le ha metsi. Acyl glutamate e emelang haholoanyane ke disodium cocoyl glutamate. . Disodium cocoyl glutamate e entsoe ka asiti ea kokonate ea tlhaho e sireletsehileng haholo le glutamic acid kamora acyl chloride. Li Qiang le ba bang ba fumane ho "Patlisiso mabapi le Ts'ebeliso ea Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate ho Li-shampoo tse se nang Silicone" hore ho eketsa disodium cocoyl glutamate tsamaisong ea SLES ho ka ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho foufatsa ba sistimi le ho fokotsa matšoao a kang a SLES. Ho teneha ha shampoo. Ha ntlha ya ho hlapolla e ne e le makgetlo a 10, makgetlo a 20, makgetlo a 30, le makgetlo a 50, disodium cocoyl glutamate ha e a ka ya ama lebelo la ho hlapolla le matla a sistimi. Ha ntlha ya ho hlapolla e le makgetlo a 70 kapa a 100, phello ya ho hlapolla e betere, empa ho teteana ho thata le ho feta. Lebaka ke hore ho na le dihlopha tse pedi tsa carboxyl molek'huleng ya disodium cocoyl glutamate, mme sehlopha sa hlooho sa hydrophilic se kenngwa sebakeng se hokahaneng. Sebaka se seholo se fella ka paramethara e nyane ya bohlokwa ya ho paka, mme surfactant e kopana habonolo ho ba sebopeho se chitja, e leng se etsang hore ho be thata ho theha di-micelles tse kang diboko, e leng se etsang hore ho be thata ho teteana.
2.2 N-acyl sarcosinate
N-acyl sarcosinate e na le phello ea ho kolobisa ho tloha ho e sa nke lehlakore ho isa ho e fokolang ea asiti, e na le litlamorao tse matla tsa ho fofonela le ho tsitsisa, 'me e na le mamello e phahameng bakeng sa metsi a thata le li-electrolyte. E emelang ka ho fetisisa ke sodium lauroyl sarcosinate. . Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate e na le phello e ntle ea ho hloekisa. Ke anionic surfactant ea mofuta oa amino acid e entsoeng mehloling ea tlhaho ea lauric acid le sodium sarcosinate ka karabelo ea mehato e mene ea phthalization, condensation, acidification le formation ea letsoai. Tshebetso ea sodium lauroyl sarcosinate mabapi le ts'ebetso ea foam, bophahamo ba foam le ts'ebetso ea defoaming e haufi le ea sodium laureth sulfate. Leha ho le joalo, tsamaisong ea shampoo e nang le cationic polymer e tšoanang, ho na le li-flocculation curves tsa tse peli. phapang e totobetseng. Mokhahlelong oa foam le ho hohla, shampoo ea sistimi ea amino acid e na le ho thella ho tlase ho feta sistimi ea sulfate; Mokhahlelong oa ho ntša metsi, ha se feela hore ho thella ha ho ntša metsi ho tlase hanyane, empa le lebelo la ho ntša metsi la shampoo ea amino acid le tlase ho feta la shampoo ea sulfate. Wang Kuan le ba bang ba fumane hore sistimi ea metsoako ea sodium lauroyl sarcosinate le li-surfactants tse seng tsa ionic, anionic le zwitterionic. Ka ho fetola liparamente tse kang tekanyo le karolelano ea surfactant, ho fumanoe hore bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa metsoako ea binary, karolo e nyane ea alkyl glycosides e ka fihlela ho teteana ha synergistic; ha litsamaisong tsa metsoako ea ternary, karolelano e na le tšusumetso e kholo ho viscosity ea sistimi, eo har'a eona motsoako oa sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, cocamidopropyl betaine le alkyl glycosides li ka fihlelang litlamorao tse betere tsa ho iketsa. Litsamaiso tsa surfactant tsa amino acid li ka ithuta ho tsoa mofuteng ona oa morero oa ho teteana.
2.3 N-Methylacyltaurine
Thepa ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale ea N-methylacyl taurate e tšoana le ea sodium alkyl sulfate e bolelele bo tšoanang ba ketane. E boetse e na le thepa e ntle ea ho foamela 'me ha e angoe habonolo ke pH le bothata ba metsi. E na le thepa e ntle ea ho foamela ka har'a mofuta o fokolang oa asiti, esita le metsing a thata, kahoo e na le mefuta e mengata ea ts'ebeliso ho feta alkyl sulfates, 'me ha e halefise letlalo haholo ho feta N-sodium lauroyl glutamate le sodium lauryl phosphate. Haufi le, e tlase haholo ho feta SLES, ke surfactant e fokolang, e bobebe. E emelang haholoanyane ke sodium methyl cocoyl taurate. Sodium methyl cocoyl taurate e thehoa ke ho kopana ha mafura a acid a tsoang ka tlhaho le sodium methyl taurate. Ke surfactant e akaretsang ea amino acid e nang le foam e ngata le botsitso bo botle ba foam. Ha e le hantle ha e angoe ke pH le metsi. Phello ea ho thatafala. Sodium methyl cocoyl taurate e na le phello ea ho teteana ha synergistic le li-surfactants tsa amphoteric, haholo-holo li-surfactants tsa amphoteric tsa mofuta oa betaine. Zheng Xiaomei le ba bang ho “Patlisiso mabapi le Tshebetso ya Tshebediso ya Di-Surfactants tse Nne tsa Amino Acid ka Di-Shampoos” ba shebane le sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl alanate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, le sodium lauroyl aspartate. Phuputso e bapisitsweng e entswe mabapi le tshebetso ya tshebediso ka shampoo. Ho nkuwa sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) e le referense, tshebetso ya ho foamela, bokgoni ba ho hlwekisa, tshebetso ya ho teteana le tshebetso ya flocculation di ile tsa tshohlwa. Ka diteko, ho ile ha fihlellwa qeto ya hore tshebetso ya ho foamela ya sodium cocoyl alanine le sodium lauroyl sarcosinate e betere hanyane ho feta ya SLES; bokgoni ba ho hlwekisa ba di-surfactants tse nne tsa amino acid ha bo na phapang e kgolo, mme kaofela di betere hanyane ho feta SLES; Tshebetso ya ho teteana ka kakaretso e tlase ho feta SLES. Ka ho eketsa thickener ho lokisa viscosity ya sistimi, viscosity ya sistimi ya sodium cocoyl alanine e ka eketswa ho 1500 Pa·s, ha viscosity ya ditsamaiso tse ding tse tharo tsa amino acid e ntse e le tlase ho feta 1000 Pa·s. Maqhubu a flocculation a li-surfactants tse 'ne tsa amino acid a bonolo ho feta a SLES, e leng se bontšang hore shampoo ea amino acid e flush butle, ha sistimi ea sulfate e flush kapele hanyane. Ka bokhutšoanyane, ha u teteanya foromo ea shampoo ea amino acid, u ka nahana ka ho eketsa li-surfactants tse seng tsa ionic ho eketsa mahloriso a micelle ka sepheo sa ho teteana. U ka boela ua eketsa li-thickeners tsa polymer tse kang PEG-120 methylglucose dioleate. Ho phaella moo, , ho kopanya li-conditioner tse loketseng tsa cationic ho ntlafatsa ho thula e ntse e le bothata mofuteng ona oa tlhahiso.
3. Li-surfactant tse seng tsa alkyl glycoside tse seng tsa ionic
Ntle le li-surfactants tsa amino acid, li-surfactants tsa nonionic alkyl glycoside (APGs) li hohetse tlhokomelo e pharaletseng lilemong tsa morao tjena ka lebaka la ho se tenehe ha tsona ho fokolang, botsoalle ba tikoloho, le ho lumellana hantle le letlalo. Ha li kopantsoe le li-surfactants tse kang fatty alcohol polyether sulfates (SLES), li-APG tse seng tsa ionic li fokotsa ho lelekoa ha lihlopha tsa anionic tsa SLES ka motlakase, ka hona li theha li-micelles tse kholo tse nang le sebopeho se kang thupa. Li-micelles tse joalo ha li na monyetla o moholo oa ho kenella letlalong. Sena se fokotsa tšebelisano le liprotheine tsa letlalo le ho teneha ho bakoang ke hona. Fu Yanling le ba bang ba fumane hore SLES e ne e sebelisoa e le anionic surfactant, cocamidopropyl betaine le sodium lauroamphoacetate li ne li sebelisoa e le li-surfactants tsa zwitterionic, 'me decyl glucoside le cocoyl glucoside li ne li sebelisoa e le li-surfactants tse seng tsa ionic. Li-agent tse sebetsang, kamora liteko, li-surfactants tsa anionic li na le thepa e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea ho foamisa, e lateloa ke li-surfactants tsa zwitterionic, 'me li-APG li na le thepa e mpe ka ho fetisisa ea ho foamisa; Li-shampoo tse nang le li-surfactants tsa anionic e le metsoako e meholo e sebetsang holim'a metsi li na le ho phaphamala ho totobetseng, ha li-surfactants tsa zwitterionic le li-APG li na le litšobotsi tse mpe ka ho fetisisa tsa ho ntsha lefofo. Ha ho na ho phaphamala ho etsahetseng; mabapi le litšobotsi tsa ho hlatsoa le ho kolobisa moriri, tatellano ho tloha ho tse ntle ho ea ho tse mpe ka ho fetisisa ke: Li-APG > li-anion > li-zwitterionic, ha moriring o omileng, litšobotsi tsa ho phaka tsa li-shampoo tse nang le li-anion le li-zwitterion e le li-surfactants tse kholo li lekana. , shampoo e nang le li-APG e le surfactant e kholo e na le litšobotsi tse mpe ka ho fetisisa tsa ho phaka; teko ea lera la khoho ea embryo chorioallantoic e bontša hore shampoo e nang le li-APG e le surfactant e kholo ke e bonolo ka ho fetisisa, ha shampoo e nang le li-anion le li-zwitterion e le li-surfactants tse kholo e le bonolo ka ho fetisisa. Li-APG li na le CMC e tlase 'me ke sesepa se sebetsang haholo bakeng sa letlalo le lipids tsa sebum. Ka hona, li-APG li sebetsa e le surfactant e kholo 'me li atisa ho etsa hore moriri o ikutloe o hlobotse ebile o omme. Leha li le bonolo letlalong, li ka boela tsa ntša mafura le ho eketsa ho oma ha letlalo. Ka hona, ha u sebelisa li-APG e le sesebelisoa se seholo sa ho etsa lintho tse qhibilihisang letlalo, u lokela ho nahana ka hore na li tlosa mafura a letlalo hakae. Li-moisturizer tse loketseng li ka eketsoa foromong ho thibela dandruff. Bakeng sa ho oma, mongoli o boetse o nahana hore e ka sebelisoa e le shampoo ea taolo ea oli, bakeng sa litšupiso feela.
Ka bokhutšoanyane, moralo o ka sehloohong oa hona joale oa ts'ebetso ea bokaholimo liforomong tsa shampoo o ntse o laoloa ke ts'ebetso ea bokaholimo ba anionic, e arotsoeng ka litsamaiso tse peli tse kholo. Ea pele, SLES e kopantsoe le li-surfactants tsa zwitterionic kapa li-surfactants tse seng tsa ionic ho fokotsa ho teneha ha eona. Sistimi ena ea foromo e na le foam e ngata, e bonolo ho e teteanya, 'me e na le flocculation e potlakileng ea li-conditioner tsa oli tsa cationic le silicone le litšenyehelo tse tlase, kahoo e ntse e le sistimi e ka sehloohong ea surfactant 'marakeng. Ea bobeli, letsoai la amino acid ea anionic le kopantsoe le li-surfactants tsa zwitterionic ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea foam, e leng sebaka se chesang nts'etsopele ea' maraka. Mofuta ona oa sehlahisoa sa foromo o bonolo ebile o na le foam e ngata. Leha ho le joalo, hobane foromo ea sistimi ea letsoai la amino acid e fofa le ho phaphamala butle, moriri oa mofuta ona oa sehlahisoa o omme hanyane. . Li-APG tse seng tsa ionic li fetohile tataiso e ncha nts'etsopele ea shampoo ka lebaka la ho lumellana ha tsona hantle le letlalo. Bothata ba ho nts'etsapele mofuta ona oa foromo ke ho fumana li-surfactants tse sebetsang hantle ho eketsa leruo la foam ea eona, le ho eketsa li-moisturizer tse loketseng ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea li-APG letlalong la hlooho. Maemo a omileng.
Nako ea poso: Tshitwe-21-2023