Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea indasteri, mefuta e fapaneng ea litšila, joalo ka ho pheha, masala a oli, sekala, li-sediments le li-deposit tse senyang, li bokellana lisebelisoa le lipeipi tsa lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso. Li-deposit tsena hangata li lebisa ho hloleheng ha lisebelisoa le liphaephe, ho fokotsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso, ho eketseha ha tšebeliso ea matla, 'me maemong a boima, esita le liketsahalo tsa polokeho.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea liindasteri tse ncha tsa maiketsetso, ts'oaetso e ncha ea indasteri e 'nile ea tsoela pele ho hlaha,' me mekhoa ea eona ea limolek'hule e ntse e rarahana le ho feta. Ho feta moo, mekhoa ea ho khomarela le liforomo pakeng tsa litšila tsa indasteri le lipehelo tse fapaneng tsa ho hloekisa hangata li itšetlehile ka mofuta oa ho silafatsa hammoho le sebopeho sa sebopeho le thepa ea physicochemical ea holim'a lintho tse hloekisoang. Ka lebaka la litlhoko tsa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, ho na le tlhoko e ntseng e eketseha ea biodegradability le ho se be chefo ea lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale, tse lulang li baka mathata a macha ho mahlale a ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale.
Ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale ke theknoloji e felletseng e kenyelletsang boithuto ba sebopeho le thepa e silafetseng, khetho le tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa le li-additives, khetho ea li-corrosion inhibitors, mekhoa ea ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa, nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa, ho lekola mahlale nakong ea tlhoekiso le kalafo ea metsi a litšila, har'a tse ling. Har'a tsena, khetho ea lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa ke ntlha ea bohlokoa e khethollang katleho ea ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa, kaha e ama ka kotloloho ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa, sekhahla sa ho theoha, sekhahla sa kutu, le melemo ea moruo ea lisebelisoa.
Lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa li na le likarolo tse tharo tsa mantlha: sesebelisoa sa mantlha sa ho hloekisa, li-corrosion inhibitors le li-surfactants. Ka lebaka la sebopeho sa bona sa limolek'hule, se nang le lihlopha tse peli tsa hydrophilic le hydrophobic, li-surfactants li bapala karolo ea adsorption, ho kenella, emulsification, dissolution le ho hlatsoa nakong ea ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale. Ha li sebelisoe feela e le lisebelisoa tse thusang empa li boetse li nkoa e le likarolo tsa bohlokoa, haholo-holo lits'ebetsong tse kang ho hloekisa acid, ho hloekisa alkaline, ho thibela kutu, ho senya le ho senya, moo ba ntseng ba tsoela pele ho bontša tšusumetso ea bona e kholo.
Ntho ea mantlha ea ho hloekisa, li-corrosion inhibitors, le li-surfactants ke likarolo tse tharo tse kholo tsa tharollo ea lik'hemik'hale. Sebopeho se ikhethileng sa lik'hemik'hale sa li-surfactants se tiisa hore, ha se qhibiliha ka har'a tharollo ea metsi, se fokotsa haholo tsitsipano ea holim'a tharollo, kahoo e matlafatsa bokhoni ba eona ba ho kolobisa. Haholo-holo ha bongata ba li-surfactants ka tharollo bo fihla ho mahloriso a bohlokoa a micelle (CMC), liphetoho tse hlokomelehang li etsahala khatellong ea sefahleho sa tharollo, khatello ea osmotic, viscosity, le thepa ea mahlo.
Liphello tsa ho koloba, tse phunyeletsang, tse qhalakang, tse emulsifying, le tse solubilizing tsa li-surfactants ka mekhoa ea ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale li finyella habeli sephetho ka halofo ea boiteko. Ka kakaretso, li-surfactants tsa ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale li na le mesebetsi e 'meli: ea pele, li ntlafatsa ponahalo ea lintho tse silafatsang tse sa qhibiliheng hantle ka ketso ea solubilizing ea li-micelles, tse tsejoang e le phello ea solubilization; ea bobeli, ka lebaka la lihlopha tsa bona tsa amphiphilic, surfactants adsorb kapa ipokellela ka segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo pakeng tsa oli le metsi, ho fokotsa tsitsipano interfacial.
Ha u khetha li-surfactants, tlhokomelo e khethehileng e lokela ho lefshoa ho thepa ea sesebelisoa sa ho hloekisa, li-corrosion inhibitors le li-surfactants, hammoho le ho lumellana ha litšebelisano tsa bona.
Nako ea poso: Aug-28-2025