U tseba eng ka li-surfactants tsa polymer

1. Mehopolo ea Motheo ea Li-surfactant tsa Polymer

Li-surfactant tsa polymer li bolela lintho tse nang le boima ba limolek'hule bo fihlang boemong bo itseng (hangata bo tloha ho 103 ho isa ho 106) 'me li na le thepa e itseng e sebetsang holim'a metsi. Ka sebopeho, li ka aroloa ka li-block copolymers, li-graft copolymers, le tse ling. Ho latela mofuta oa ionic, li-surfactant tsa polymer li arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e mene e meholo: anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, le nonionic. Ho ea ka tšimoloho ea tsona, li ka aroloa ka lihlopha tsa li-surfactant tsa polymer tsa tlhaho, li-surfactant tsa polymer tsa tlhaho tse fetotsoeng, le li-surfactant tsa polymer tsa maiketsetso.

Ha ho bapisoa le li-surfactants tse boima bo tlase ba limolek'hule, litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong tsa li-surfactants tsa polymer ke:

(1) Li na le bokhoni bo fokolang ba ho fokotsa tsitsipano ea bokaholimo le ea sefahleho, 'me boholo ba tsona ha li thehe li-micelles;

(2) Li na le boima bo phahameng ba limolek'hule, e leng se fellang ka matla a fokolang a ho kenella;

(3) Li bontša bokhoni bo fokolang ba ho ntša lefome, empa lipululana tseo li li etsang li tsitsitse ka mokhoa o batlang o lekana;

(4) Li bontša matla a babatsehang a ho etsa emulsifying;

(5) Li na le thepa e ikhethang ea ho qhalana le ho kopana;

(6) Bongata ba di-surfactants tsa polymer ha di na chefo e ngata.

2. Litšobotsi tse Sebetsang tsa Li-surfactants tsa Polymer

·Khatello ea Bokaholimo

Ka lebaka la boits'oaro ba ho shebana le likarolo tse phelang metsing le tse sa thekeseleng tsa li-surfactants tsa polymer libakeng kapa li-interface, li na le bokhoni ba ho fokotsa tsitsipano ea bokaholimo le ea li-interfacial, leha bokhoni bona hangata bo le tlase ho ba li-surfactants tse boima bo tlase ba limolek'hule.

Bokgoni ba di-surfactants tsa polymer ba ho fokotsa kgatello ya bokahodimo bo fokola ho feta ba di-surfactants tse boima bo tlase ba dimolek'hule, mme mosebetsi wa tsona wa bokahodimo o fokotseha haholo ha boima ba dimolek'hule bo ntse bo eketseha.

·Emulsification le ho Hasana

Ho sa tsotellehe boima ba tsona bo phahameng ba limolek'hule, li-surfactants tse ngata tsa polymer li ka etsa li-micelles ka har'a karolo e hasantsoeng 'me tsa bontša mahloriso a bohlokoa a micelle (CMC), ka hona li phethahatsa mesebetsi ea emulsifying. Sebopeho sa tsona se amphiphilic se lumella karolo e 'ngoe ea molek'hule ho monya holim'a likaroloana ha karolo e 'ngoe e qhibiliha mohatong o tsoelang pele (sebaka sa ho hasanya). Ha boima ba limolek'hule ba polymer bo se holimo haholo, bo bontša litlamorao tsa steric, bo baka litšitiso holim'a libaka tsa marotholi a monomer kapa likaroloana tsa polymer ho thibela ho kopana ha tsona le ho kopana ha tsona.

·Ho kopanya ha mahlaku

Ha di-surfactant tsa polymer di na le boima bo phahameng haholo ba dimolek'hule, di ka monya dikarolwana tse ngata, tsa etsa marokho pakeng tsa tsona mme tsa etsa di-floc, ka hona tsa sebetsa e le di-flocculant.

Mesebetsi e meng

Li-surfactant tse ngata tsa polymer ka botsona ha li hlahise foam e matla, empa liae thibela ho boloka metsi ka matla le botsitso bo botle ba foam. Ka lebaka la boima ba tsona bo phahameng ba limolek'hule, li boetse li na le thepa e phahameng ea ho etsa filimi le ea sekhomaretsi.

·Boitšoaro ba Tharollo

Boitšoaro ba li-surfactants tsa polymer ka har'a li-solvent tse khethiloeng: Bongata ba li-surfactants tsa polymer ke li-amphiphilic block kapa li-graft copolymers. Li-solvent tse khethiloeng, boitšoaro ba tsona ba tharollo bo rarahane ho feta ba limolek'hule tse nyane kapa li-homopolymers. Lintho tse kang sebopeho sa limolek'hule, karolelano ea bolelele ba likarolo tsa amphiphilic, sebopeho, le thepa ea solvent li susumetsa haholo sebopeho sa tharollo ea tsona. Joalo ka li-surfactants tse boima bo tlase ba limolek'hule, li-polymers tsa amphiphilic li fokotsa tsitsipano ea bokaholimo ka ho hohela lihlopha tse sa rateng metsi holim'a bokaholimo ha ka nako e le 'ngoe li ntse li etsa li-micelle ka har'a tharollo.