1. Mehopolo ea Motheo ea Polymer Surfactants
Li-polymer surfactants li bua ka lintho tse nang le boima ba limolek'hule tse fihlang boemong bo itseng (hangata bo tlohang ho 103 ho isa ho 106) le tse nang le thepa e itseng e sebetsang holimo. Ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng, li ka aroloa ka li-copolymers, li-graft copolymers le tse ling. Ho ipapisitsoe le mofuta oa ionic, li-surfactants tsa polymer li arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e mene e meholo: anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, le nonionic. Ho latela tšimoloho ea bona, li ka aroloa e le li-surfactants tsa tlhaho tsa polymer, li-surfactants tsa tlhaho tse fetotsoeng tsa polymer, le li-surfactants tsa polymer tsa maiketsetso.
Ha ho bapisoa le li-surfactants tsa boima bo tlase ba limolek'hule, litšobotsi tsa mantlha tsa li-polymer surfactants ke:
(1) Li na le matla a batlang a fokola a ho fokotsa tsitsipano e ka holimo le ea sefahleho, 'me boholo ba tsona ha li etse li-micelles;
(2) Li na le boima bo phahameng ba limolek'hule, bo fellang ka matla a fokolang a ho phunyeletsa;
(3) Li na le matla a fokolang a ho phoka lekoeba, empa lipululana tseo li li etsang li batla li tsitsitse;
(4) Li bontša matla a babatsehang a ho etsa emulsifying;
(5) Li na le thepa e ikhethang ea ho qhalakanya le e momahaneng;
(6) Boholo ba li-polymer surfactants li na le chefo e tlase.
2. Thepa e sebetsang ea Polymer Surfactants
·Tšhekeho ea Bokaholimo
Ka lebaka la boits'oaro ba likarolo tsa hydrophilic le hydrophobic tsa li-polymer surfactants libakeng kapa lihokelong, li na le bokhoni ba ho fokotsa tsitsipano ea sefahleho le sefahleho, leha bokhoni bona ka kakaretso bo le tlase ho ba li-surfactants tsa boima ba limolek'hule tse tlase.
Bokhoni ba li-polymer surfactants tsa ho theola tsitsipano e holim'a metsi bo fokola ho feta ba li-surfactants tsa boima bo tlase ba limolek'hule, mme ts'ebetso ea tsona ea bokaholimo e theoha haholo ha boima ba limolek'hule bo ntse bo eketseha.
· Emulsification le Phahamiso
Leha a na le boima ba 'mele bo phahameng ba limolek'hule, li-polymer surfactants tse ngata li ka etsa li-micelles ka har'a mokhahlelo o hasantsoeng mme li bonts'a mahloriso a mahlonoko a micelle (CMC), ka hona a phethahatsa mesebetsi ea emulsifying. Sebopeho sa tsona sa amphiphilic se lumella karolo e le 'ngoe ea molek'hule hore e iketsetse holim'a likaroloana ha karolo e' ngoe e qhibiliha ka mohato o tsoelang pele (sebaka sa ho hasana). Ha boima ba limolek'hule tsa polymer bo se bo phahameng haholo, bo bonts'a litlamorao tsa tšitiso, ho theha litšitiso holim'a marotholi a monoma kapa likaroloana tsa polymer ho thibela ho kopana le ho kopana ha bona.
· Coagulation
Ha li-polymer surfactants li na le litekanyo tse phahameng haholo tsa limolek'hule, li ka ipapisa le likaroloana tse ngata, tsa etsa marokho lipakeng tsa tsona le ho etsa li-flocs, ka hona li sebetsa joalo ka li-flocculants.
·Mesebetsi e meng
Li-polymer surfactants tse ngata ka botsona ha li hlahise foam e matla, empa ke tsa khalehibit ho boloka metsi a matla le botsitso bo botle ba foam. Ka lebaka la boima ba tsona bo phahameng ba limolek'hule, li boetse li na le thepa e phahameng ea ho etsa lifilimi le ho khomarela.
·Boitšoaro ba Tharollo
Boitšoaro ba li-polymer surfactants ho li-solvents tse khethiloeng: Boholo ba li-polymer surfactants ke li-amphiphilic block kapa graft copolymers. Ho li-solvents tse khethiloeng, boits'oaro ba bona ba tharollo bo rarahane ho feta ba limolek'hule tse nyane kapa li-homopolymers. Lintlha tse joalo ka sebopeho sa limolek'hule, bolelele ba karo-karolelano ea likarolo tsa amphiphilic, sebopeho, le thepa ea mokelikeli li ama haholo morphology ea tharollo ea bona. Joalo ka li-surfactants tsa boima bo tlase ba limolek'hule, li-polymers tsa amphiphilic li fokotsa tsitsipano ea holim'a metsi ka ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa hydrophobic holimo ha ka nako e le 'ngoe li etsa li-micelles ka har'a tharollo.
Nako ea poso: Nov-10-2025