1. I-Surfactant
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-surfactants. Zibalwa ngokwemiphumela yazo, yilezi: ama-surfactants e-anionic angu-56%, ama-surfactants angewona ama-ionic angu-36%, ama-surfactants a-amphoteric angu-5%, kanye nama-surfactants e-cationic angu-3%.
2. I-surfactant engeyona i-ionic
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-surfactants angewona ama-ionic zifaka phakathi ama-alkylolamides (FFA), ama-polyoxyethylene ethers anamafutha (AE), kanye nama-alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers (APE noma i-OP). Ama-surfactants angewona ama-ionic anezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu njengokuncibilikisa, ukuhlanza, imiphumela yokulwa ne-static, ukucasuka okuphansi, kanye nokusabalala kwensipho ye-calcium. Angasetshenziswa ebangeni le-pH elibanzi uma kuqhathaniswa nama-surfactants ajwayelekile e-ionic. Ngaphandle kwezakhiwo zokuhlanza kanye ne-foaming, ukusebenza kwawo okunye kuvame ukuba ngcono kune-surfactants ajwayelekile e-anionic. Ukuhlolwa kubonise ukuthi ukwengeza inani elincane lama-surfactants angewona ama-ionic kuma-surfactants e-ionic kungathuthukisa umsebenzi wobuso besistimu uma kuqhathaniswa izinhlelo ezinokuqukethwe okufanayo kwesithako esisebenzayo.
Ama-alkylolamides awuhlobo lwe-surfactant engeyona i-ionic esebenza kahle kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa okubanzi, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuvamise kakhulu, okuvame ukutholakala ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokuhlanza uketshezi. Izimpawu ezivame ukusetshenziswa zama-alkylolamides ezinhlotsheni zokuhlanza uketshezi yi-"2:1 amide" kanye ne-"1.5:1 amide", kanye ne-"1:1 amide" nazo zingasetshenziswa. Lezi zimpawu ezintathu zibonisa ukusebenza okuhlukile maqondana nokuncibilika kwamanzi kanye nezakhiwo zokuqina. Ngokuvamile, i-"1.5:1 amide" iphakathi kakhulu futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlotsheni zokugeza izitsha. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, i-"1:1 amide" kulula ukuyincibilikisa kuphela uma isetshenziswa kanye nezinye izinto zokuhlanza ezincibilikayo emanzini. Ama-alkylolamides afaneleka kakhulu ezinhlotsheni zokuhlanza ze-alkaline futhi angasetshenziswa nasezinhlotsheni zokuhlanza ezincibilikayo. Ama-alkylolamides ashibhile kakhulu phakathi kwezinto zokuhlanza ezingeyona i-ionic, ngentengo engu-7,800 yuan/ton ngo-2002. Ama-alkylolamides asetshenziswa kaningi kune-fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene alcohols ezinhlotsheni zokuhlanza uketshezi. Ama-surfactant angewona ama-ionic asetshenziswa kuma-shampoo ngokuvamile ama-alkylolamides. Izizathu zingaba kanje: I-FFA inemisebenzi engcono noma ebanzi kakhulu kune-AE; intengo yemikhiqizo ye-FFA iphansi kuneye-AE; ukuncibilika kwe-FFA kungcono kuneye-AE; futhi isici se-FFA esikhipha amagwebu singcono kunese-AE.
2. I-surfactant ye-Cationic
Izinhlobo ezivamile zama-surfactants e-cationic zifaka i-cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (1631), i-octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (1831), i-cationic guar gum (C-14S), i-cationic panthenol, i-cationic silicone oil, i-dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide (OB-2), njalo njalo. Ngokungafani nezinye i-surfactants, ama-surfactants e-cationic anezakhiwo ezimbi zokuhlanza kanye ne-foam, futhi avame ukuba nezinga elithile lobuthi obucasulayo (obuphansi). Kuma-detergents aketshezi, ama-surfactants e-cationic asetshenziswa njengama-surfactants asizayo - ama-conditioner agents anenani elincane kakhulu ekwakhiweni; ngokuvamile asetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yezinga eliphezulu, ikakhulukazi kuma-shampoo. Ama-surfactants e-cationic awahambisani ngqo nama-anionic surfactants. Nakuba kungenzeka kube nemiphumela emihle lapho ama-cations nama-anion ehambisana, kunengozi enkulu yemvula (i-crystallization). Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-cationic surfactants ezisetshenziswa kuma-shampoo, futhi imvamisa yokusetshenziswa kwazo ihlakazekile - ayigxilile kuhlobo olulodwa noma ezimbili, futhi zivame ukwakheka zibe imikhiqizo ye-conditioner agent. Isabelo somkhiqizo wama-surfactants e-cationic phakathi kwama-surfactants sincane, futhi amanani awo avame ukubiza kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zama-surfactants. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-surfactants, ama-surfactants e-cationic anomphumela ovelele kakhulu wokulungisa kanye nomphumela onamandla kakhulu wokubulala amagciwane; naphezu kokungalungi kwawo njengokungahlanzi kahle, ukugqwala okungekuhle, ukuhambisana okungekuhle, ukucasuka okuphezulu, kanye nentengo ephezulu, awakwazi ukushintshwa ezinye izinhlobo zama-surfactants njengezinto zokulungisa kuma-shampoos okuhlanza uketshezi olusezingeni eliphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-surfactants e-cationic angasetshenziswa kuphela njengezinto zokulungisa noma ama-bactericides.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-02-2026