Ama-surfactants abhekisela ezintweni ezinganciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukungezwani okungaphezulu kwesixazululo esiqondiwe, ngokuvamile okuba namaqembu angaguquki e-hydrophilic kanye ne-lipophilic angahlelwa ngendlela eqondisayo ebusweni besixazululo. Ama-surfactants ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa izigaba ezimbili: ama-surfactants e-ionic nama-non-ionic surfactants. Ama-surfactants e-Ionic aphinde afake izinhlobo ezintathu: ama-anionic surfactants, ama-cationic surfactants, nama-surfactants e-zwitterionic.
Okuphezulu kochungechunge lwemboni ye-surfactant ukuhlinzekwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezifana ne-ethylene, i-fatty alcohols, ama-fatty acids, amafutha esundu, ne-ethylene oxide; I-midstream inesibopho sokukhiqiza nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ehlukene ehlukene, okuhlanganisa i-polyols, i-polyoxyethylene ethers, i-fatty alcohol ether sulfates, njll; Ezansi nomfula, isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni efana nokudla, izimonyo, ukuhlanzwa kwezimboni, ukuphrinta izindwangu nokudaya, nemikhiqizo yokuwasha.
Ngokombono wemakethe engezansi, imboni yezihlanzi iyinkambu eyinhloko yokusetshenziswa kwama-surfactants, ebalwa ngaphezu kuka-50% wesidingo esingaphansi komfula. Izimonyo, ukuhlanzwa kwezimboni, nokuphrinta izindwangu nokudaya konke kubiza cishe u-10%. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo komnotho waseShayina kanye nokwanda kwezinga lokukhiqiza ezimbonini, ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuthengiswa kwama-surfactants kuye kwagcina umkhuba okhuphukayo. Ngo-2022, ukukhiqizwa kwama-surfactants e-China kudlule amathani ayizigidi ezingu-4.25, ukwanda konyaka ngonyaka cishe ngo-4%, futhi ivolumu yokuthengisa yayingaba amathani ayizigidi ezingu-4.2, ukwanda konyaka ngonyaka cishe ngo-2%.
I-China ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wama-surfactants. Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, imikhiqizo yethu kancane kancane iye yazuza ukuqashelwa emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yekhwalithi yayo kanye nezinzuzo zokusebenza kwayo, futhi inemakethe ebanzi yaphesheya kwezilwandle. Eminyakeni yakamuva, inani lokuthekelisa liye lagcina ukuthambekela okukhulayo. Ngo-2022, umthamo wokuthekelisa wama-surfactants e-China wawucishe ube ngamathani angama-870000, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka nonyaka okungaba ngama-20%, athunyelwa kakhulu emazweni nasezifundeni ezinjengeRussia, Japan, Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia, njll.
Ngokombono wesakhiwo sokukhiqiza, ukukhiqizwa kwama-surfactants angewona ama-ionic e-China ngo-2022 cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.1, okubalelwa cishe ku-50% wesamba sokukhiqizwa kwama-surfactants, abekwe kuqala. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-anionic surfactants cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.7, okulinganiselwa ku-40%, okukleliswe endaweni yesibili. Okubili kuyimikhiqizo eyinhloko yokuhlukaniswa kweziqephu zama-surfactants.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izwe likhiphe izinqubomgomo ezifana "noHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-14 Lokuthuthukiswa Kwekhwalithi Ephezulu Yemboni Yezimboni", "Uhlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu Lokuthuthukiswa Kwekhwalithi Ephezulu Yemboni Yezokuhlanza YaseShayina", kanye "noHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-14 Lokuthuthukiswa Kwezimboni Eziluhlaza" ukuze kwakheke indawo enhle yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-surfactant, ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwemboni kanye nokwenza ngcono, kanye nokuthuthukela ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi ephezulu, imvelo.
Njengamanje, baningi ababambiqhaza emakethe, futhi ukuncintisana kwemboni kushubile. Njengamanje, kusenezinkinga ezithile embonini ye-surfactant, njengobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuphelelwe yisikhathi, izikhungo zokuvikela imvelo ezisezingeni eliphansi, kanye nokutholakala okwanele kwemikhiqizo ephezulu ye-value-added. Imboni isenayo indawo ebalulekile yokuthuthukiswa. Ngokuzayo, ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezinqubomgomo zikazwelonke kanye nokukhetha ukusinda nokuqedwa kwemakethe, ukuhlanganiswa nokuqedwa kwamabhizinisi embonini ye-surfactant kuzovama, futhi ukugxilwa kwemboni kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke ukwanda.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-10-2023