1. Izinto zokufakelwa ubumba oluqinile
Ukuqinisa ubumba kuhilela izici ezimbili: ukuvimbela ukuvuvukala kwamaminerali obumba nokuvimbela ukufuduka kwezinhlayiya zamaminerali obumba. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvuvukala kobumba, ama-surfactants e-cationic afana nohlobo lwe-amine salt, uhlobo lwe-quaternary ammonium salt, uhlobo lwe-pyridinium salt, kanye nohlobo lwe-imidazoline salt, ama-surfactants angenayo i-ionic-cationic aqukethe i-fluorine angasetshenziswa.
2. Ama-surfactants ezinyathelo zokufaka i-asidi
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe umphumela wokwenza i-acid, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukwengeza izithasiselo ezahlukahlukene esixazululweni se-asidi. Noma iyiphi i-surfactant ehambisana nesixazululo se-asidi futhi emuncwa kalula ukwakheka ingasetshenziswa njenge-acidizing retarder. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ama-amine hydrochloride anamafutha, usawoti we-quaternary ammonium, kanye nosawoti we-pyridinium phakathi kwama-cationic surfactants, kanye nama-polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers aqunyiwe, i-carboxymethylated, i-phosphate-esterified, noma i-sulfate-esterified phakathi kwama-amphoteric surfactants. Amanye ama-surfactants, njenge-dodecyl sulfonic acid kanye nosawoti wayo we-alkylamine, angaxuba isixazululo se-asidi emafutheni ukuze akhe i-acid-in-oil emulsion, lapho, uma isetshenziswa njengoketshezi olusebenzayo oluyenza i-acidizing, nayo idlala indima yokuhlehlisa.
Amanye ama-surfactant angasebenza njenge-demulsifiers yoketshezi olufaka i-asidi. Ama-surfactant anesakhiwo esinamagatsha, njenge-polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether kanye ne-polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene pentaethylenehexamine, wonke angasebenza njenge-demulsifiers ezenza i-asidi.
Amanye ama-surfactants angasebenza njengezithasiselo zokuhlanza i-asidi esetshenzisiwe. Ama-surfactants angasetshenziswa njengezithasiselo zokuhlanza afaka izinhlobo zikasawoti we-amine, izinhlobo zikasawoti we-quaternary ammonium, izinhlobo zikasawoti we-pyridinium, izinhlobo ezingezona i-ionic, izinhlobo ze-amphoteric, kanye nama-surfactants ane-fluorinated.
Amanye ama-surfactants angasebenza njengezithibi zodaka ezifaka i-asidi, njengezithako ezincibilika ku-oyela ezifana nama-alkyl phenols, ama-fatty acid, ama-alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, kanye nosawoti we-quaternary ammonium. Njengoba ukuncibilika kwawo ku-asidi kuphansi, ama-surfactants angewona ama-ionic angasetshenziswa ukuwahlakaza esixazululweni se-asidi.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe umphumela wokwenza i-asidi ibe namandla, kuyadingeka ukwengeza i-ejenti yokuguqula ukumanzi esixazululweni se-asidi ukuze kuguqulwe ukumanzi kwendawo eseduze ne-wellbore kusuka ekumanzini kwamafutha kuya ekumanzini kwamanzi. Izingxube ezifana ne-polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ether kanye ne-phosphate-esterified polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ether zimuncwa ngokwakheka njengengqimba yokuqala yokumuncwa, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe umphumela wokuguqula ukumanzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinto ezibangela ukugqwala, njenge-fatty amine hydrochloride, i-quaternary ammonium salts, noma i-non-ionic-anionic surfactants, ezisetshenziswa njengezinto ezibangela ukugqwala ukulungisa uketshezi olusebenzayo lwe-foam acid, ukufeza izinhloso zokubambezela, ukuvimbela ukugqwala, kanye nokwenza i-acid ibe yimbi kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ama-foam anjalo angalungiswa njengezinto zokulungiselela ukugqwala, ezifakwa ekwakhekeni ngaphambi kwesisombululo se-asidi. Umphumela we-Jamin okhiqizwa amabhamuza ku-foam ungaphambukisa isisombululo se-asidi, uphoqe i-asidi ukuthi incibilikise kakhulu izendlalelo eziphansi zokungena futhi ithuthukise umphumela wokugqwala.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-06-2026