Ukugqoka insimbi kuwumsebenzi wokukhiqiza olungisa izinto ezingavuthiwe zokuncibilikisa insimbi kanye nemboni yamakhemikhali. I-Froth flotation isiphenduke enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokucubungula amaminerali. Cishe yonke imithombo yamaminerali ingahlukaniswa ngokusebenzisa i-flotation.
I-Flotation okwamanje isetshenziswa kabanzi ekucubungulweni kwensimbi eyinsimbi elawulwa insimbi ne-manganese, njenge-hematite, i-smithsonite, ne-ilmenite; insimbi eyigugu njengegolide nesiliva; insimbi engeyona insimbi ehlanganisa ithusi, i-lead, i-zinc, i-cobalt, i-nickel, i-molybdenum, ne-antimony, njengamaminerali e-sulfide afana ne-galena, i-sphalerite, i-chalcopyrite, i-chalcocite, i-molybdenite, ne-pentlandite, kanye namaminerali e-oxide afana ne-malachite, i-cerussite, i-wolfterite, i-hemiterite amaminerali kasawoti angeyona insimbi njenge-fluorite, i-apatite, ne-barite; kanye namaminerali kasawoti ancibilikayo njenge-sylvite ne-rock salt. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukuhlukaniswa kwamaminerali angewona ezensimbi nama-silicates, okuhlanganisa amalahle, i-graphite, isulfure, idayimane, i-quartz, i-mica, i-feldspar, i-beryl, ne-spodumene.
I-Flotation iqongelele ulwazi oluningi emkhakheni wokucubungula izimbiwa, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngisho namaminerali asezingeni eliphansi kanye nesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi phambilini ayebhekwa njengangasebenziseki ezimbonini manje angatholakala futhi asetshenziswe (njengezinsiza zesibili) ngokuntanta.
Njengoba imithombo yezimbiwa iya ngokuya incipha, ngamaminerali awusizo asatshalaliswa kahle kakhulu futhi ngokuhlukahluka kwe-ores, ubunzima bokuhlukana buyanda. Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zokukhiqiza, izimboni ezifana ne-metallurgy namakhemikhali zifuna amazinga aphezulu ekhwalithi nokunemba kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezicutshunguliwe, okungukuthi, imikhiqizo ehlukanisiwe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunesidingo sokuthuthukisa izinga; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuntanta kuya ngokuya kukhombisa izinzuzo kunezinye izindlela zokubhekana nenselele yamaminerali acolisekile okunzima ukuwahlukanisa. Sekuyiyona ndlela esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ethembisayo yokucubungula amaminerali namuhla. Ekuqaleni isetshenziswe kumaminerali e-sulfide, i-flotation iye yanda kancane kancane kumaminerali e-oxide, amaminerali angewona ensimbi, nabanye. Njengamanje, izigidigidi zamathani amaminerali acutshungulwa ngokuntanta emhlabeni wonke unyaka ngamunye.
Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-flotation akusagcini nje kwezobunjiniyela bokucutshungulwa kwezimbiwa kodwa sekudlulele ekuvikelweni kwemvelo, insimbi, ukwenza amaphepha, ezolimo, amakhemikhali, ukudla, izinto zokwakha, imithi kanye nesayensi yezinto eziphilayo.
Isibonelo, i-flotation isetshenziselwa ukubuyisela izingxenye eziwusizo ezivela emikhiqizweni ephakathi ye-pyrometallurgy, volatiles, nama-slags; ukubuyisela izinsalela ze-leach kanye nemikhiqizo enciphile ku-hydrometallurgy; ukufakwa kwephepha eligaywe kabusha kanye nokutholwa kwefayibha oketshezini lwemfucumfucu embonini yamakhemikhali; kanye nokukhipha uwoyela ongahluziwe osindayo esihlabathini somfula, ukuhlukanisa ukungcola okuncane okuqinile, ama-colloid, amagciwane, kanye nokulandela ukungcola kwensimbi endle, okuyizinto ezivamile ezisetshenziswa kwezobunjiniyela bemvelo.
Ngokuthuthuka kwezinqubo nezindlela zokuntanta, kanye nokuvela kwama-reagents e-flotation amasha futhi asebenzayo kanye nemishini, i-flotation izothola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibanzi ezimbonini nasezinkundleni eziningi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo ze-flotation kuhilela izindleko eziphezulu zokucubungula ngenxa yama-reagents (uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlukaniswa kwamagnetic kanye namandla adonsela phansi); izidingo eziqinile zosayizi wezinhlayiyana zokudla; izici eziningi ezinethonya enqubweni ye-flotation, efuna ukunemba kwe-hight tech; kanye namanzi angcolile aqukethe ama-reagents ayinsalela angalimaza imvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-26-2025