Kuneziningi kakhulu izithasiselo zezibulala-zinambuzane, uyazi ukuthi zingaki izinhlobo ezikhona?

Izithasiselo zezibulala-zinambuzane ziyizinto ezingeziwe ezingeziwe ngesikhathi sokucubungula noma ukusetshenziswa kwezakhi zokubulala izinambuzane ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali zama-ejenti, aziwa nangokuthi izithasiselo zezibulala-zinambuzane. Izithasiselo ngokwazo azinawo umsebenzi webhayoloji, kodwa zingathinta umphumela wokulawula. Ngokusetshenziswa kabanzi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezithasiselo zezibulala-zinambuzane, izinhlobo zazo ziyanda njalo, ngakho-ke ukukhetha ukuthi iyiphi i-adjuvant eye yaba yinkinga yesibili enkulu yokukhetha kwabalimi ngaphandle kokukhetha izibulala-zinambuzane.

1,Izithasiselo ezisiza ekusakazeni umuthi wokuqala

Izigcwalisi kanye nabathwali

Ekucutshungulweni kwezakhi zokubulala izinambuzane eziqinile, kunezelwa amaminerali aqinile angangeni, izinto ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, noma ezenziwe ngokwenziwa ukuze kulungiswe okuqukethwe komkhiqizo oqediwe noma kuthuthukiswe isimo sawo somzimba. Izithasiselo zisetshenziselwa ukuxuba izinto zobuchwepheshe nokwandisa ukuhlakazeka kwazo, kuyilapho izithasiselo nazo zinomsebenzi wokuxubha noma ukuthwala izithako ezisebenzayo. Ezivame ukusetshenziswa zifaka ubumba, umhlaba we-diatomaceous, i-kaolin, nobumba lobumba. Izithasiselo ngokuvamile ziyizinto ezingaphili, njengobumba, ubumba lobumba, i-kaolin, umhlaba we-diatomaceous, i-pyrophyllite, kanye ne-talcum powder. Imisebenzi yazo, okokuqala, ukuxuba izinto zobuchwepheshe, kanti okwesibili, ukuxuba izinto zobuchwepheshe. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni impushana, impushana ezimanzi, ama-granules, ama-granules angahlakazeka ngamanzi, njll. Imikhiqizo yezithasiselo zokubulala izinambuzane ethandwa kakhulu njengamanje isebenzisa izithasiselo njengezithasiselo zezithasiselo zokubulala izinambuzane, ihlanganisa izithasiselo zokubulala izinambuzane kanye nomanyolo zibe yinto eyodwa ukuze kufezwe ukuhlanganiswa kwezithasiselo zokubulala izinambuzane nomanyolo.

Isinyibilikisi

Izinto eziphilayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa nokuncibilikisa izithako ezisebenzayo zezibulala-zinambuzane, okwenza kube lula ukuzicubungula nokuzisebenzisa. Ezivamile zifaka phakathi i-xylene, i-toluene, i-benzene, i-methanol, i-petroleum ether, njll. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekucubungulweni kwezinto ezixubile ezingaxutshwa. Ziyadingeka ukuthi zibe namandla aqinile okuncibilikisa, ubuthi obuphansi, i-flash point ephezulu, zingashi, zingabizi kakhulu, futhi zitholakala kabanzi.

I-Emulsifier

Ama-surfactant angasabalalisa ngokuzinzile olunye lwezinhlobo ezimbili zoketshezi ezingaxubeki (njengamafutha namanzi) njengamaconsi amancane kakhulu kolunye uketshezi ukuze akhe i-emulsion engacacile noma ekhanyayo abizwa ngokuthi ama-emulsifier. Avamile afaka: ama-ester noma ama-ether aqukethe amaqembu e-polyoxyethylene (njenge-castor oil polyoxyethyl ether, i-alkylphenyl polyethyl ether, njll.), uwoyela obomvu waseTurkey, i-diglycerol laurate sodium, njll. Asetshenziswa kakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwama-concentrates angaxubeki, i-emulsion emanzini, kanye nama-microemulsions.

Isihlanzi

Ama-surfactant ekucubungulweni kwefomula yezibulala-zinambuzane angavimbela ukuhlangana kanye nokuhlangana kwezinhlayiya eziqinile ezinhlelweni zokuhlakazeka koketshezi oluqinile, azigcine zihlakazeke ngokulinganayo koketshezi isikhathi eside. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-sodium lignosulfonate kanye ne-NNO. Asetshenziswa kakhulu ekucubungulweni kwezimpushana ezimanzi, ama-granule ahlakazeka ngamanzi, kanye nama-aqueous suspension.

2,Kuwusizo ekusebenziseni umphumela wezokwelapha

I-Synergist

Izinhlanganisela ezingenamsebenzi webhayoloji ngokwazo kodwa ezingavimbela ama-enzyme okususa ubuthi ezintweni eziphilayo. Uma zixutshwe nezibulala-zinambuzane ezithile, zingathuthukisa kakhulu ubuthi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-sulfoxide ne-piperonyl butoxide. Zibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni izinambuzane ezingamelani nezinambuzane, ukubambezela ukuthuthukiswa kokumelana nezinambuzane, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokulawula.

Isiqinisi

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza kwezibulala-zinambuzane, zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili ngokwemisebenzi yazo ehlukene. Esinye yiziqinisi zomzimba, ezithuthukisa ukuzinza ngokomzimba kwezakhi, njengezinto ezilwa nokubopha kanye nezinto ezilwa nokubopha. Esinye yizinto eziqinisa amakhemikhali, ezingavimbela noma zinciphise ukubola kwezithako ezisebenzayo zezibulala-zinambuzane, njengezinto ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye nezinto ezilwa nokuhlanza.

i-ejenti yokukhulula okuqhubekayo

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wezinto ezikhipha kancane kancane ukwandisa isikhathi sokusebenza kahle kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Indlela yazo yokusebenza ifana neyomanyolo okhipha kancane kancane: into ekhipha kancane kancane ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze isebenzise umphumela wayo wezokwelapha. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinto ezikhipha kancane kancane. Uhlobo olulodwa lusebenza ngezindlela ezibonakalayo njengokushumeka, ukufihla, kanye nokumuncwa; olunye uhlobo lusebenza ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwento ebulala izinambuzane kanye nento ekhipha kancane kancane.

3,Izithasiselo ezithuthukisa ukungena nokusabalala kwemithi

I-Humectant

Aziwa nangokuthi ama-wetting and spreading agents, awuhlobo lwe-surfactant olunciphisa kakhulu ukucindezelwa kobuso bezixazululo, lwandise ukuthintana koketshezi nezindawo eziqinile, noma luthuthukise ukumanzisa nokusabalalisa ezindaweni eziqinile. Amanzisa ngokushesha izinhlayiya zezinambuzane, aqinise ikhono lezixazululo zezinambuzane lokumanzisa nokusabalalisa ezindaweni zezitshalo, izinambuzane, njll., andise ukufana kwezinambuzane, athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezinambuzane, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo anciphise ingozi yobuthi be-phytotoxicity. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-lignosulfonates, i-saponin, i-sodium lauryl sulfate, i-nekal, i-polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ethers, i-polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, njll. Asetshenziswa kakhulu ekucubungulweni kwempuphu emanzi, ama-granules ahlakazeka ngamanzi, izixazululo zamanzi, kanye nama-aqueous suspensions, kanye nama-spray adjuvants.

Ukungena

Ama-surfactant angakhuthaza izithako ezisebenzayo zezibulala-zinambuzane ukuthi zingene ezitshalweni nasezintweni eziphilayo eziyingozi asetshenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseleleni amafomula ezibulala-zinambuzane angena kalula kakhulu. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-penetrant T kanye ne-fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

I-Adhesive

Izinamathiseli ziyizithasiselo ezingathuthukisa ikhono lokunamathela kwezibulala-zinambuzane ezindaweni eziqinile. Zenza izibulala-zinambuzane zimelane kakhulu nokugezwa yimvula futhi zithuthukise ukuhlala kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Isibonelo, inani elifanele lamafutha amaminerali ane-viscosity ephezulu lifakwa kuma-powder, kanti inani elifanele le-starch paste, i-gelatin, njll., lifakwa kuzibulala-zinambuzane eziwuketshezi.

4,Izithasiselo ezithuthukisa ukuphepha

I-ejenti yokulwa nokukhukhuleka

Izinto eziqinile ezingasebenzi kahle, ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, noma ezenziwe ngokwenziwa ezingeziwe ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwezakhi zokubulala izinambuzane eziqinile ukulungisa okuqukethwe komkhiqizo wokugcina noma ukuthuthukisa isimo sawo somzimba. Izithako zokugcwalisa zisetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa isibulala-zinambuzane sokuqala nokwandisa ukuhlakazeka kwaso, kuyilapho izithwali nazo zinomsebenzi wokumunca noma ukuthwala izithako ezisebenzayo. Ezivame ukusetshenziswa zifaka ubumba, umhlaba we-diatomaceous, i-kaolin, ubumba lobumba, njll.

I-Defoamer (i-antifoaming agent)

Njengoba igama lisho, libhekisela ezithasiselweni ezivimbela ukwakheka kwe-foam noma ezisusa i-foam ekhona emikhiqizweni, njenge-emulsified silicone oil, i-high-carbon alcohol fatty acid ester complexes, i-polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether, i-polyoxyethylene polyoxypropyl alcohol amine ether, i-polyoxypropylene glycerol ether, i-polydimethylsiloxane, njll.