Ama-surfactantsziyiklasi lama-organic compounds anezakhiwo ezikhethekile, eziqhayisa umlando omude kanye nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi. Ama-molecule e-surfactant endabuko aqukethe kokubili izingxenye ze-hydrophilic kanye ne-hydrophobic esakhiweni sazo, ngaleyo ndlela enekhono lokunciphisa ukushuba kwamanzi okungaphezulu-okungumsuka wegama lawo.
Ama-surfactants ayingxenye yemboni yamakhemikhali amahle. Imboni yamakhemikhali emihle ibonakala ngezinga eliphezulu lokuqina kwezobuchwepheshe, izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zemikhiqizo, inani eliphakeme elingeziwe, ukusetshenziswa okubanzi, kanye nokufaneleka okuqinile kwezimboni. Isebenza ngokuqondile imikhakha eminingi yomnotho kazwelonke kanye nemikhakha ehlukahlukene yezimboni zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yaseShayina ye-surfactant kufana nalokho kwemboni yamakhemikhali esezingeni eliphezulu yezwe lilonke: zombili ziqale sekwephuzile kakhulu kodwa zithuthuke ngokushesha. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwemboni ye-surfactation engezansi komfula kubanzi kakhulu, kuhlanganisa imikhakha ehlukahlukene yomnotho wezwe, njengokuhlanza amanzi, i-glass fibre, okokugqoka, ukwakhiwa, upende, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, oyinki, ogesi, izibulala-zinambuzane, izindwangu, ukuphrinta nokudaya, imicu yamakhemikhali, isikhumba, i-petroleum, nemboni yezimoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banwebela emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, behlinzeka ngosekelo oluqinile ezimbonini zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njengezinto ezintsha, isayensi yezinto eziphilayo, amandla kanye nolwazi.
Imboni yaseChina ye-surfactant isungule isikali esithile sezimboni. Amandla okukhiqiza ezinhlobo ezinkulu ze-surfactant athuthukiswe kakhulu, angahlangabezana nezidingo eziyisisekelo zamakhasimende futhi avumele nokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo ethile emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Mayelana nobuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe bezinqubo eziyisisekelo kanye nemishini sekuvuthwe ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi ikhwalithi nokunikezwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko kuzinzile, kuhlinzeka ngesiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo sokuthuthukiswa okuhlukahlukene kwemboni ye-surfactant.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-06-2025