Ama-surfactantsziyikilasi lezinhlanganisela ezinezakhi zamangqamuzana ezihlukile ezingaqondana endaweni yokusebenzelana noma ezindaweni ezingaphezulu, ezishintsha ngokuphawulekayo ukungezwani kwendawo noma izici ezihlanganisa ubuso. Embonini yezingubo zokumboza, ama-surfactants adlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlelweni ezihlukene, okuhlanganisa ukwenziwa kwe-emulsification, ukumanzisa, ukuhlakazwa, ukukhipha amagwebu, ukulevelisa, imiphumela ye-antistatic, nokunye, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukuzinza, ukusebenza kohlelo lokusebenza, kanye nekhwalithi yokugcina yezingubo.
1.I-Emulsification
Ezingxenyeni ezisekelwe emulsion (ezifana nezingubo zamanzi), ama-emulsifiers abalulekile. Banciphisa ukungezwani phakathi kobuso phakathi kwezigaba zamafutha namanzi, okuvumela ukwakheka kwama-emulsions azinzile kusuka ezingxenyeni ezingenakulinganiswa. Ama-emulsifiers avamile ahlanganisa ama-anionic surfactants (isb, i-sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate) kanye nama-nonionic surfactants (isb., ama-polyoxyethylene ethers).
2.I-Pigment Wetting and Disspersion
Ukusatshalaliswa okufana kombala kwezingubo zokumboza kuthinta ngokuqondile ukukhanya, ukuzinza, nokusebenza kombala. Izinto ezimanzisa nezizihlakazayo zinciphisa ukungezwani phakathi kobuso phakathi kwemibala nezibophezelo, zikhuthaza ukumanzisa okufanayo kanye nokuhlakazeka okuzinzile kuyilapho kuvimbela ukuhlangana nokuhlalisana.
3. Ukukhipha amagwebu kanye nokulawula igwebu
Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa, ukumboza kuvame ukukhiqiza amabhamuza, angabeka engcupheni ukubukeka kwefilimu nokusebenza. Ama-Defoamers (isb., asekelwe ku-silicone noma asekelwe kuwoyela wamaminerali) akhubaza ukwakheka kwegwebu, anciphise ukwakheka kwebhamuza futhi aqinisekise indawo enamahekethi ebushelelezi, engenasici.
4.Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezinga
Impahla yokulinganisa yezingubo inquma ukushelela nokubukeka kwefilimu eyomile. Ama-level agents asebenza ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
• Ukunciphisa ukungezwani kwendawo: Iqinisekisa ngisho nokusabalala kuma-substrates, inciphisa izici ezifana nekhasi lewolintshi noma i-cratering.
• Kushintsha ukuhwamuka kwe-solvent: Kwelula isikhathi sokugeleza, okuvumela ukunamathela ukuthi kulingane ngokwanele ngaphambi kokwelapha.
5.Ukusebenza kwe-Antistatic
Kogesi, ukupakisha, nakweminye imikhakha, okokunamathela kungase kuqongelele izindleko ezimile ngenxa yokungqubuzana, okudala izingozi zokuphepha. Ama-Antistatic agents (isb., ama-cationic surfactants) akha umswakama ozungezile ukuze akhe ungqimba olubambayo endaweni yokwemboza, enze kube lula ukuchithwa kweshaja kanye nokunciphisa izingozi zikagesi.
6.I-Antimicrobial and Fungicidal Protection
Ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ukumboza kujwayele ukukhula kwamagciwane, okuholela ekulimazeni kwefilimu. Ama-antimicrobial and fungicidal agents (isb., izinhlanganisela ze-quaternary ammonium) anqanda ukwanda kwamagciwane, andisa impilo yeshalofu kanye nokuqina kwesevisi kokumbozwa.
7.Ukuthuthukisa Ukucwebezela kanye Nokuthuthukisa Ukushelela
Ezinye izimbotshana zidinga ukucwebezela okuphezulu noma izindawo ezibushelelezi (isb., ifenisha noma izimbobo zezimboni). Izithuthukisi ezicwebezelayo nezithasiselo ezishelelayo (isb., ama-wax noma ama-silicone) zithuthukisa ukubonakala kwefilimu futhi zinciphise ukungqubuzana kwendawo, zithuthukisa ukumelana nokuguga kanye nezakhiwo ezithintekayo.
Ama-surfactants asebenza izindima eziningi embonini yokumboza, kusukela ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula kuya ekuphakamiseni izici zefilimu zokugcina, konke kusebenzisa amandla abo okulawula okuhlangana kobuso. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezembozo ezilungele imvelo nezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ama-surfactants anoveli, asebenza kahle, futhi anobuthi obuphansi azohlala egxile kakhulu ocwaningweni lobuchwepheshe bezingubo ezizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-11-2025