Ekusetshenzisweni kwezibulala-zinambuzane, ukusetshenziswa ngqo kwesithako esisebenzayo akuvamile. Iningi lamafomula lihilela ukuxuba izibulala-zinambuzane nezithasiselo kanye nezinyibilikisi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle futhi kuncishiswe izindleko. Ama-surfactant ayizithasiselo ezibalulekile ezikhulisa ukusebenza kwezibulala-zinambuzane ngenkathi zinciphisa izindleko, ikakhulukazi nge-emulsification, i-foaming/defoaming, i-dispersion, kanye nemiphumela yokumanzisa. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo kabanzi emafomuleni ezibulala-zinambuzane kubhaliwe kahle.
Ama-surfactants athuthukisa ukungezwani kobuso phakathi kwezingxenye kuma-emulsions, okwenza kube ne-uniform kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlakazeka ezizinzile. Isakhiwo sazo esihlala emanzini amaningi—esihlanganisa amaqembu athanda amanzi kanye nathanda amafutha—senza kube lula ukumuncwa ezindaweni ezihlangana namanzi kawoyela. Lokhu kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kobuso futhi kunciphisa amandla adingekayo ekwakhekeni kwe-emulsion, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa ukuzinza.
Ukuhlakaza izithako ezisebenzayo zezibulala-zinambuzane emanzini njengoba izinhlayiya ezincane zikhiqiza ukusebenza okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo. Ama-emulsifier athinta ngqo ukuzinza kwama-emulsion ezibulala-zinambuzane, okunquma ukusebenza kwawo.
Ukuqina kuyahlukahluka ngobukhulu beconsi:
● Izinhlayiya <0.05 μm: Zincibilika emanzini, zizinzile kakhulu.
● Izinhlayiya ezingu-0.05–1 μm: Zincibilike kakhulu, zizinzile.
● Izinhlayiya ezingu-1–10 μm: Ukuchitheka kwenhlabathi noma imvula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
● Izinhlayiya >10 μm: Zilenga ngokubonakalayo, azizinzile kakhulu.
Njengoba izakhiwo zezibulala-zinambuzane zithuthuka, ama-organophosphate anobuthi obukhulu athathelwa indawo ezinye izindlela eziphephile, ezisebenzayo, nezinobuthi obuphansi. Ama-compound e-Heterocyclic—njenge-pyridine, i-pyrimidine, i-pyrazole, i-thiazole, kanye ne-triazole derivatives—avame ukuba khona njengeziqinile ezinokuncibilika okuncane ezinyibilikisini ezivamile. Lokhu kudinga ama-emulsifier amasha, asebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi anobuthi obuphansi ekwakhiweni kwawo.
I-China, umholi womhlaba wonke ekukhiqizweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezibulala-zinambuzane, ibike amathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.083 omkhiqizo wezibulala-zinambuzane wezinga lobuchwepheshe ngo-2018. Ukwanda kokuqwashisa ngemvelo kuye kwabangela isidingo sezinhlobo zekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngenxa yalokho, ucwaningo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ezinobungani nemvelo nezisebenza kahle kakhulu kuye kwaduma. Izibulala-zinambuzane zekhwalithi ephezulu, njengezingxenye ezibalulekile, zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bezibulala-zinambuzane eziqhubekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-13-2025