Kuyini ukuhlomula kwe-flotation?

I-Flotation, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-froth flotation, iyindlela yokucubungula amaminerali ehlukanisa amaminerali abalulekile kumaminerali e-gangue endaweni yokuhlangana kwegesi-uketshezi-eqinile ngokusebenzisa umehluko ezimpahleni zamaminerali ahlukene. Ibizwa nangokuthi "ukuhlukaniswa kwe-interfacial." Noma iyiphi inqubo esebenzisa ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile i-phase interfaces ukuhlukanisa izinhlayiya zamaminerali ngokusekelwe ekungafanini kwezakhiwo zazo ze-interfacial ibizwa ngokuthi i-flotation.

Izakhiwo zobuso bamaminerali zibhekisela ezicini zomzimba nezamakhemikhali zezindawo zezinhlayiya zamaminerali, njengokumanzika kobuso, izakhiwo zikagesi zobuso, izinhlobo zezibopho zamakhemikhali kuma-athomu obuso, ukugcwala, kanye nokusabela. Izinhlayiya zamaminerali ezahlukene zibonisa izakhiwo zobuso ezihlukile, futhi ngokusebenzisa lo mehluko ngosizo lwezindawo zokuhlangana zesigaba, ukuhlukaniswa kwamaminerali nokunothisa kungafinyelelwa. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokuntanta ihilela ukusebenzisana kwezigaba zegesi, uketshezi, kanye neziqinile endaweni yokuhlangana.

Izakhiwo zomphezulu wamaminerali zingashintshwa ngokungenelela okwenziwe ukuze kwandiswe umehluko phakathi kwamaminerali abalulekile namaminerali e-gangue, ngaleyo ndlela kube lula ukuhlukaniswa kwawo. Ekuntanteni, ama-reagent okuntanteni avame ukusetshenziswa ukuguqula ngokwenziwa izakhiwo zomphezulu wamaminerali, athuthukise umehluko phakathi kwamaminerali, futhi andise noma anciphise ukungazinzi kwamanzi ezindaweni zamaminerali. Lokhu kuvumela ukulungiswa nokulawulwa kokuziphatha kokuntanteni kwamaminerali ukuze kufezwe imiphumela engcono yokuhlukana. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusetshenziswa nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuntanteni kuhlobene kakhulu nokusetshenziswa kwama-reagent okuntanteni.

Ngokungafani nemingcele yemvelo efana nobuningi kanye nokuzwela kwamandla kazibuthe, okunzima ukuzishintsha, izakhiwo zangaphezulu zezinhlayiya zamaminerali zingasetshenziswa kalula ngokungenelela komuntu ukudala umehluko ohlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlukanisa. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuntanta kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlukaniseni amaminerali futhi kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "indlela yokucubungula amaminerali yendawo yonke." Isebenza kahle kakhulu futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlukaniseni izinhlayiya ezincane nezincane kakhulu, okwenza kube enye yezindlela ezisebenziseka kalula futhi eziphumelelayo ekucubunguleni amaminerali.