1. Ukusetshenziswa Ekuhlanzeni Kwe-Chelating
Ama-chelating agents, aziwa nangokuthi ama-complexing agents noma ama-ligands, asebenzisa i-complexation (coordination) noma i-chelation yama-chelating agents ahlukahlukene (kufaka phakathi ama-complexing agents) anama-scaling ion ukukhiqiza ama-complexes ancibilikayo (ama-coordination compounds) ngezinjongo zokuhlanza.
Ama-surfactantkuvame ukungezwa ekuhlanzweni kwama-chelating agent ukuze kukhuthazwe inqubo yokuhlanza. Ama-inorganic complexing agents asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka i-sodium tripolyphosphate, kuyilapho ama-organic chelating agents asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka i-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) kanye ne-nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA). Ukuhlanza ama-chelating agent akusetshenziselwa nje kuphela ukuhlanza uhlelo lwamanzi okupholisa kodwa futhi kubone intuthuko enkulu ekuhlanzweni kwama-scales okunzima ukuwancibilikisa. Ngenxa yekhono layo lokuhlanganisa noma ukuhlanganisa ama-ion ensimbi ezikalini ezahlukahlukene okunzima ukuwancibilikisa, inikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokuhlanza.
2. Ukusetshenziswa Ekuhlanzeni Ukungcola Kwamafutha Anzima kanye Nokuhlanzwa Kwe-Coke
Ezitshalweni zokuhluza uphethiloli kanye ne-petrochemical, imishini yokushintshanisa ukushisa kanye namapayipi avame ukuba nezinkinga zokungcola okukhulu kwamafutha kanye nokufakwa kwe-coke, okudinga ukuhlanzwa njalo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinyibilikisi eziphilayo kunobuthi obukhulu, kuyasha, futhi kuyaqhuma, kuyilapho izindlela zokuhlanza i-alkaline ezijwayelekile zingasebenzi kahle ngokumelene nokungcola kwamafutha kanye ne-coke.
Njengamanje, izihlanzi ezingcolisa uwoyela ezisindayo ezakhiwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle zisekelwe kakhulu kuma-surfactants ahlanganisiwe, aqukethe inhlanganisela yama-surfactants amaningana angewona ama-ionic kanye nama-anionic, kanye nabakhi bezinto ezingaphili kanye nezinto ze-alkaline. Ama-surfactants ahlanganisiwe awakhi nje kuphela imiphumela efana nokumanzisa, ukungena, ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlakazeka, ukuncibilika, kanye nokukhipha amagwebu kodwa futhi anakho ikhono lokumunca i-FeS₂. Ngokuvamile, ukushisa okungaphezu kuka-80°C kuyadingeka ukuze kuhlanzwe.
3. Ukusetshenziswa Kwezinto Ezibangela Ukushisa Kwamanzi Apholile
Uma kukhona i-microbial slime ezinhlelweni zamanzi okupholisa, kusetshenziswa ama-biocides anga-oxidizing, kanye nama-surfactants angewona ama-ionic anegwebu eliphansi njengama-dispersants nama-penetrants, ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wama-agents nokukhuthaza ukungena kwawo emangqamuzaneni kanye nongqimba lwe-mucus lwe-fungi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-biocides e-quaternary ammonium salt asetshenziswa kabanzi. Lawa amanye ama-surfactants e-cationic, avame kakhulu yi-benzalkonium chloride kanye ne-benzyldimethylammonium chloride. Anikeza amandla aqinile e-biocidal, kulula ukuwasebenzisa, ubuthi obuphansi, kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi yawo yokususa i-slime nokususa iphunga emanzini, anemiphumela yokuvimbela ukugqwala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-biocides akhiwe usawoti we-quaternary ammonium kanye ne-methylene dithiocyanate awagcini nje ngokuba nemiphumela ye-biocidal ebanzi kanye ne-synergistic kodwa futhi avimbela ukukhula kwe-slime.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-02-2025