Amino mai kitse yana nufin wani nau'in mahaɗan amine na halitta waɗanda tsawon sarkar carbon ya kama daga C8 zuwa C22. Kamar amines na gabaɗaya, an rarraba su zuwa manyan nau'ikan guda huɗu: amines na farko, amines na biyu, amines na uku, da polyamines. Bambancin da ke tsakanin amines na farko, na biyu, da na uku ya dogara ne akan adadin atom ɗin hydrogen a cikin ammonia waɗanda ƙungiyoyin alkyl suka maye gurbinsu.
Amines masu kitse asalin halitta ne daga ammonia. Amines masu kitse na gajeru (C8-10) suna nuna wani abu da zai iya narkewa a cikin ruwa, yayin da amines masu kitse masu dogon zango ba sa narkewa a cikin ruwa kuma suna wanzuwa a matsayin ruwa ko daskararru a zafin ɗaki. Suna da ƙa'idodi na asali kuma, a matsayin tushen halitta, suna iya fusata da lalata fata da membranes na mucous.
Ana samar da shi ne ta hanyar amsawar barasa mai kitse tare da dimethylamine don samar da amino alcohols na uku na monoalkyldimethyl, amsawar barasa mai kitse tare da monomethylamine don samar da amines na uku na dialkylmethyl, da kuma amsawar barasa mai kitse tare da ammonia don samar da amines na uku na trialkyl.
Tsarin yana farawa ne da amsawar fatty acids da ammonia don samar da fatty nitriles, wanda daga nan ake haɗda hydrogen don samar da primary ko secondary fatty amines. Waɗannan primary ko secondary amines suna yin hydrogendimethylation don samar da thiterary amines. Primary amines, bayan cyanoethylation da hydrogenation, ana iya canza su zuwa diamines. Diamines suna ci gaba da yin cyanoethylation da hydrogenation don samar da triamines, wanda daga nan za a iya canza su zuwa tetramines ta hanyar ƙarin cyanoethylation da hydrogenation.
Amfani da Fatty Amines
Ana amfani da manyan amines a matsayin masu hana tsatsa, man shafawa, wakilan sakin mold, ƙarin mai, ƙarin sarrafa launi, masu kauri, masu jika, masu hana ƙurar taki, ƙarin man injin, wakilan hana caking na taki, wakilan ƙira, masu flotation, man shafawa na gear, masu hana hydrophobic, ƙarin abubuwan hana ruwa shiga, emulsions na kakin zuma, da ƙari.
Amines masu cike da sinadarin carbon mai yawa, kamar octadecylamine, suna aiki a matsayin abubuwan fitar da mold don kumfa mai tauri na roba da polyurethane. Ana amfani da Dodecylamine wajen sake farfaɗo da robar halitta da ta roba, a matsayin surfactant a cikin maganin sinadarai na tin plating, da kuma rage yawan isomaltose don samar da malt derivatives. Ana amfani da Oleylamine a matsayin ƙarin man dizal.
Samar da Cationic Surfactants
Amines na farko da gishirinsu suna aiki a matsayin masu amfani da sinadarin flotation na ma'adinai, masu hana caking don taki ko abubuwan fashewa, masu hana ruwa shiga takarda, masu hana tsatsa, ƙarin mai, biocides a masana'antar mai, ƙarin mai da fetur, masu tsaftace lantarki, masu tsarkakewa, da kuma wajen samar da yumbun organometallic da ƙarin kayan sarrafa launi. Haka kuma ana amfani da su a cikin maganin ruwa da kuma a matsayin masu gyaran gashi. Ana iya amfani da amines na farko don samar da emulsifiers na asfalt na quaternary ammonium, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai wajen ginawa da kula da manyan hanyoyi, rage ƙarfin aiki da kuma tsawaita tsawon rayuwar titin.
Samar da Nonionic Surfactants
Ana amfani da sinadaran amino acid masu kitse masu ɗauke da ethylene oxide a matsayin magungunan hana kumburi a masana'antar robobi. Amino masu ɗauke da sinadarin ethoxylated, waɗanda ba sa narkewa a cikin robobi, suna ƙaura zuwa saman, inda suke shanye danshi a yanayi, wanda hakan ke sa saman robobi ya zama mai hana kumburi.
Samar da Amphoteric Surfactants
Dodecylamine yana yin aiki da methyl acrylate kuma yana yin saponification da neutralization don samar da N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Waɗannan surfactants suna da alaƙa da ruwan da ke da haske ko kuma ba shi da launi, yawan narkewa a cikin ruwa ko ethanol, rashin lalacewa ta halitta, jure wa ruwa mai tauri, ƙarancin ƙaiƙayi a fata, da ƙarancin guba. Amfani da su sun haɗa da sinadaran kumfa, masu hana tsatsa, masu hana tsatsa, sabulun ruwa, shamfu, masu gyaran gashi, masu laushi, da kuma magungunan hana tsatsa.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-20-2025