Amines mai fatty suna nufin wani faffadan nau'in mahaɗan amine na halitta tare da tsayin sarkar carbon daga C8 zuwa C22. Kamar amines na gama-gari, an karkasa su zuwa manyan iri huɗu: amines na farko, amines na sakandare, amines na jami'a, da polyamines. Bambanci tsakanin amines na farko, na sakandare, da na uku ya dogara ne da adadin atom ɗin hydrogen a cikin ammonia waɗanda ƙungiyoyin alkyl suka maye gurbinsu.
Fatty amines sune kwayoyin da aka samo daga ammoniya. Amines mai gajeriyar sarƙa (C8-10) suna nuna wasu narkewa a cikin ruwa, yayin da amines masu tsayi masu tsayi gabaɗaya ba sa narkewa a cikin ruwa kuma suna wanzuwa azaman ruwa ko daskararru a cikin ɗaki. Suna da kaddarorin asali kuma, a matsayin tushen kwayoyin halitta, na iya yin haushi da lalata fata da mucous membranes.
Da farko ana samar da su ta hanyar amsawar barasa mai kitse tare da dimethylamine don samar da amines na monoalkyldimethyl, amsawar barasa mai kitse tare da monomethylamine don samar da amines na dialkylmethyl, da kuma amsawar barasa mai kitse tare da ammonia don samar da amines na gwaji na gwaji.
Tsarin yana farawa ne da amsawar fatty acids da ammonia don samar da fatty nitriles, waɗanda aka sanya hydrogenated don samar da amines mai fatty na farko ko na biyu. Waɗannan amines na farko ko na sakandare suna ɗaukar hydrogendimethylation don samar da amines na uku. Amines na farko, bayan cyanoethylation da hydrogenation, ana iya canza su zuwa diamines. Diamines suna kara samun cyanoethylation da hydrogenation don samar da triamines, wanda za'a iya canza su zuwa tetramines ta hanyar ƙarin cyanoethylation da hydrogenation.
Aikace-aikace na Fatty Amines
Primary amines ana amfani da lalata inhibitors, lubricants, mold saki jamiái, mai Additives, pigment sarrafa Additives, thickeners, wetting jamiái, taki kura suppressants, engine man Additives, taki anti-caking jamiái, gyare-gyaren jamiái, flotation jamiái, gear man shafawa, hydrophobic jamiái, waterproofing Additives, waterproofing Additives.
Cikakken amines na farko na carbon-carbon, irin su octadecylamine, suna aiki azaman abubuwan sakin ƙura don ƙyallen roba da kumfa na polyurethane. Ana amfani da Dodecylamine a cikin farfadowa na halitta da roba rubbers, a matsayin surfactant a cikin sinadarai tin-plating mafita, kuma a cikin rage amination na isomaltose don samar da malt abubuwan. Ana amfani da Oleylamine azaman ƙari na man dizal.
Samar da cationic Surfactants
Primary amines da salts su aiki a matsayin tasiri tama flotation jamiái, anti-caking jamiái don taki ko fashewar, takarda waterproofing jamiái, lalata inhibitors, man shafawa Additives, biocides a cikin man fetur masana'antu, Additives ga man fetur da fetur, lantarki tsaftacewa jamiái, emulsifiers, da kuma a cikin samar da organomegtalment lãka aiki. Ana kuma amfani da su a cikin maganin ruwa da kuma azaman gyare-gyare. Ana iya amfani da amines na farko don samar da kwalta mai nau'in gishiri na ammonium, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai wajen gine-gine da kuma kula da manyan tituna, rage ƙarfin aiki da tsawaita tsawon rayuwar layin.
Samar da Nonionic Surfactants
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na amines na farko mai fatty tare da ethylene oxide ana amfani da su da farko azaman jami'an antistatic a masana'antar robobi. Ethoxylated amines, kasancewa maras narkewa a cikin robobi, yin ƙaura zuwa saman, inda suke ɗaukar danshi na yanayi, suna mayar da saman filastik antistatic.
Samar da Amphoteric Surfactants
Dodecylamine yana amsawa tare da methyl acrylate kuma yana jurewa saponification da neutralization don samar da N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Wadannan surfactants suna halin su haske-launi ko mara launi m ruwa mafita, high solubility a cikin ruwa ko ethanol, biodegradability, wuya ruwa haƙuri, kadan haushi fata, da kuma low guba. Aikace-aikace sun haɗa da magungunan kumfa, emulsifiers, masu hana lalata, kayan wanke ruwa, shamfu, masu gyaran gashi, masu laushi, da magungunan antistatic.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-20-2025