ʻO kamea holoi ʻO ka waiwai o nā surfactants kahi waiwai nui e hāʻawi ana i nā surfactants i kā lākou hoʻohana pono loa. Pili ia i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā o nā tausani o nā hale. Eia kekahi, ke hoʻohana nui ʻia nei ia i nā ʻoihana like ʻole a me nā ʻano hana ʻoihana āpau.
Ka hopena antistatic o nā surfactants
Hoʻopuka pinepine nā olonā, nā palakiko, a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe i ka uila static ma muli o ka friction, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hana o kā lākou huahana. No ka laʻana, inā loaʻa i nā lole fiber ka uila static, loaʻa pinepine iā lākou nā hemahema e like me ka "pipili ʻana i ke kino" a i ʻole ka "hoʻopili static", a me ka maʻalahi o ka omo ʻana i ka lepo a i ʻole ka lepo. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hopena o ka uila static ma nā huahana palakiko. ʻAʻole wale nā huahana e huki maʻalahi i ka lepo, e hoʻopilikia ana i ko lākou transparency, ka maʻemaʻe o ka ʻili a me ke ʻano, akā hoʻemi pū lākou i ka hoʻohana a me ka waiwai o nā huahana.
No ka hoʻopau ʻana i kēia hanana uila static, hoʻohana nui ʻia ke ʻano surfactant antistatic i kēia manawa. Ua kapa ʻia kēlā mau surfactantsantistatic nā ʻelele.
- Nā hanana electrostatic a me ko lākou mau kumu
ʻOiai aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa i nā hopena i loaʻa e nā mea noiʻi like ʻole e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻoili uila fiber, ʻo nā fibers me nā pilina amide e like me ka hulu hipa, ka nylon, a me ka hulu hipa artificial e hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia.
ʻO ke kūlana hoʻouka uila maʻamau o nā mea, mai ka maikaʻi a i ka maikaʻi ʻole, penei: (+) Polyurethane - Lauoho - Nylon - Hulu hipa - Silika - Viscose Fiber - Pulupulu - Laho paʻa - Acetate Fiber - Vinylon - Polypropylene - Polyester - Polyacrylonitrile - Polyvinyl Chloride - Vinyl Chloride - Acrylonitrile Copolymer - Polyethylene - Polytetrafluoroethylene (-). ʻOiai ʻaʻole i maopopo loa ke kumu o ka hana ʻana o ka uila static, ua manaʻoʻiʻo nui ʻia i ka wā e hamo ai nā ʻano mea like ʻole kekahi i kekahi, hoʻoulu ʻia nā uku neʻe ma waena o nā mea i hamo ʻia, a laila e hana ana i ka uila static. Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻano o ka uku e lawe ʻia e kahi mea ma o ka loaʻa ʻana a i ʻole ka nalowale ʻana o nā electrons. Inā nalowale nā electrons i kahi mea, lilo ia i mea hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi; inā loaʻa iā ia nā electrons, lilo ia i mea hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole.
- Mea hoʻohui antistatic
ʻElua mau ala nui e hoʻopau ai i ka uila static:
ʻAno kino: ʻOiai ʻo ka nui o ka uila static e pili ana i ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano kino e like me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa, a me ka hoʻokuʻu corona e hoʻopau i ka uila static ma ka ʻili o nā mea.
ʻAno kemika ʻiliʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā surfactants, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he mau mea antistatic, e hana i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili ma luna o nā fibers a me nā huahana plastik a i ʻole e hoʻohui iā lākou i loko o nā plastik e hoʻokō ai i ke kumu o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka uila static.
2.I. Nā mea hana antistatic no nā olonā
Nā kūlana e pono ai nā mea antistatic e hoʻokō:
(1) Mai hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka lima o ke olonā;
(2) ʻO ka hopena antistatic maikaʻi, ka liʻiliʻi o ka dosage, a maikaʻi nō hoʻi i nā mahana haʻahaʻa;
(3) Hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi me nā olonā resin;
(4) Hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe;
(5) ʻAʻohe hanana huʻa a ʻaʻohe ʻōpala wai;
(6) ʻAʻohe mea ʻawahia a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hōʻino i ka ʻili;
(7) Hiki ke mālama i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi.
2.2. Nā ʻano o nā mea hana antistatic
ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā mea antistatic i hoʻohana ʻia no nā fibers he cationic a me amphoteric ionic surfactants.
2.3. ʻAno hana o nā mea antistatic
ʻO ke ʻano antistatic o nā surfactants i hoʻohana ʻia no ka fiber antistatic e hōʻike nui ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻelua: ka pale ʻana i ka hana ʻana o ka uila static ke hamo ʻia ka ʻili o nā lole fiber a me ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o nā uku ʻili. ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka electrification frictional e pili pono ana i ke ʻano o nā surfactants; ʻoiai ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o nā uku ʻili e pili ana i ka nui o ka adsorption a me ka hygroscopicity o nā surfactants ma nā lole fiber.
Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe cationic hiki ke hoʻopili maʻalahi i ka ʻili o nā olonā i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole ma o kā lākou mau hoʻopiʻi ponoʻī.
①Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i ka uku o ka ʻili o ka fiber;
②ʻOiai ʻo nā surfactants cationic e hoʻopili i ka ʻili o ka fiber me nā ion ammonium quaternary i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia, a ʻo nā kaulahao hydrocarbon hydrophobic e kū pono ana i waho, e hana ana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni adsorption i hana ʻia me nā kaulahao hydrocarbon ma ka ʻili o ka fiber. Hiki i kēia kiʻiʻoniʻoni adsorption ke hōʻemi pono i ka ikaika friction i hana ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka fiber i ka wā o ka friction, a laila e hoʻonāwaliwali ana i ka hanana electrification frictional.
No nā olonā synthetic me ka polarity haʻahaʻa a me ka hydrophobicity ikaika, hoʻopili nā surfactants cationic i ka ʻili o ka fiber ma o nā ikaika van der Waals me kā lākou mau kaulahao hydrocarbon hydrophobic, ʻoiai nā hui ammonium quaternary polar e kū pono ana i waho, e uhi ana i ka ʻili o ka fiber me nā hui polar hydrophilic. ʻAʻole wale kēia e hoʻonui i ka conductivity o ka ʻili o ka fiber akā hoʻonui pū i kona makū o ka ʻili, he mea maikaʻi ia no ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka uila static i hana ʻia e ka friction a pāʻani i kahi hana antistatic.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka adsorption o ka dioctadecyl ammonium chloride ma ka ʻili o nā olonā kūlohelohe ma mua o nā olonā synthetic. Hōʻike kēia he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena antistatic ma nā olonā kūlohelohe.
E like me nā surfactants cationic, lawe nā surfactants ionic amphoteric i nā uku maikaʻi a hiki ke hoʻopili ma luna o ka ʻili o nā olonā i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia e hoʻopau i nā uku static. Loaʻa i kā lākou mau hui hydrophobic ka hopena o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka friction. Eia kekahi, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā surfactants cationic, loaʻa iā lākou kahi hui anionic hou i loko o kā lākou ʻano molekala, no laila hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui maikaʻi i ka makū a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka uku. No laila, he mau mea antistatic nā surfactants ionic amphoteric me ka hana maikaʻi, akā kiʻekiʻe ko lākou kumukūʻai.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole o nā hopena antistatic o nā surfactants anionic a me non-ionic ma muli o ko lākou nui adsorption haʻahaʻa ma ka ʻili o ka fiber. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka adsorption o nā surfactants non-ionic ma mua o nā anionic no ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka uku ʻili o ka fiber, akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ko lākou hopena ma ka dissipation static, no laila ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ko lākou hiki ke antistatic ma mua o nā surfactants ionic cationic a me amphoteric.
- Mea hana antistatic no nā plastik
ʻAno hana o nā surfactants ma ke ʻano he mau mea antistatic no nā plastics: Hoʻopili nā Surfactants ma luna o ka ʻili plastik ma o nā mana van der Waals me kā lākou mau kaulahao hydrocarbon hydrophobic, ʻoiai ko lākou mau hui polar e hoʻolōʻihi i waho, e hana ana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni adsorption oriented o nā surfactants ma luna o ka ʻili plastik. Hāʻawi kēia kiʻiʻoniʻoni i ka conductivity, e ʻae ana i nā uku static e hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi. I ka manawa like, hiki i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni adsorption ke hōʻemi i ka friction ma luna o ka ʻili plastik.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea antistatic plastik e like me ke ʻano o ka surfactant i:
(1) ʻAno anionic;
(2) ʻAno Cationic;
(3) ʻAno ionic amphoteric;
(4) ʻAno ʻaʻole ionic.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea antistatic i ʻelua mau ʻāpana e like me kā lākou ʻano hoʻohana:
(1) Nā mea hana antistatic i uhi ʻia i ka ʻili;
(2) Nā mea hoʻohuihui antistatic ʻano hui.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Malaki-12-2026