ʻO nā Surfactants e pili ana i nā mea hiki ke hoʻemi nui i ka ʻili o ka hopena i manaʻo ʻia, ma ke ʻano laulā he mau hui hydrophilic a me lipophilic paʻa i hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ke ʻano kuhikuhi ma luna o ka ʻili o ka hopena. ʻO nā Surfactants ka mea nui e komo pū me ʻelua mau māhele: nā ionic surfactants a me nā non ionic surfactants. Loaʻa pū kekahi ionic surfactants i ʻekolu ʻano: nā anionic surfactants, nā cationic surfactants, a me nā zwitterionic surfactants.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke kaulahao ʻoihana surfactant ka lako o nā mea maka e like me ka ethylene, nā alcohols momona, nā waikawa momona, ka ʻaila pama, a me ka ethylene oxide; ʻO ka midstream ke kuleana no ka hana ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o nā huahana like ʻole, me nā polyols, polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, a pēlā aku; I lalo, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma nā kahua e like me ka meaʻai, nā mea hoʻonani, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻoihana, ka paʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i ka lole, a me nā huahana holoi.
Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka mākeke ma lalo, ʻo ka ʻoihana detergent ke kahua noi nui o nā surfactants, e helu ana ma mua o 50% o ke koi ma lalo. ʻO nā mea hoʻonaninani, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻoihana, a me ka paʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i nā lole a pau he 10%. Me ka hoʻomohala mau ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o Kina a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka pae hana ʻoihana, ua mālama ka hana holoʻokoʻa a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana o nā surfactants i kahi ʻano piʻi. I ka makahiki 2022, ua ʻoi aku ka hana ʻana o nā surfactants ma Kina ma mua o 4.25 miliona tons, he piʻi makahiki ma kahi o 4%, a ʻo ka nui o ke kūʻai aku ma kahi o 4.2 miliona tons, he piʻi makahiki ma kahi o 2%.
He mea hana nui ʻo Kina i nā surfactants. Me ka holomua mau o ka ʻenehana hana, ua loaʻa mālie ka ʻike ʻia o kā mākou huahana ma ka mākeke honua ma muli o ko lākou maikaʻi a me nā pono hana, a he mākeke ākea ko lākou ma waho. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻomau ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu aku i kahi ʻano e ulu nei. I ka makahiki 2022, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu aku o nā surfactants ma Kina ma kahi o 870000 tons, he piʻi makahiki ma kahi o 20%, i hoʻokuʻu nui ʻia i nā ʻāina a me nā wahi e like me Rusia, Iapana, Pilipino, Vietnam, Indonesia, a pēlā aku.
Mai ka manaʻo o ke ʻano hana, ʻo ka hana ʻana o nā surfactants non-ionic ma Kina i ka makahiki 2022 ma kahi o 2.1 miliona tons, e helu ana no kahi kokoke i 50% o ka huina hana o nā surfactants, e kūlana mua ana. ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā surfactants anionic ma kahi o 1.7 miliona tons, e helu ana no kahi o 40%, e kūlana lua ana. ʻO nā mea ʻelua nā huahana mahele nui o nā surfactants.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻopuka ka ʻāina i nā kulekele e like me ka "14th Five Year Plan for High Quality Development of the Surfactant Industry", ka "14th Five Year Plan for High Quality Development of China's Detergent Industry", a me ka "14th Five Year Plan for Green Industrial Development" e hana i kahi kūlana hoʻomohala maikaʻi no ka ʻoihana surfactant, e paipai i ka hoʻololi ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻoihana, a e hoʻomohala i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka palekana o ke kaiapuni, a me ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe.
I kēia manawa, nui ka poʻe komo i ka mākeke, a he ʻano ikaika ka hoʻokūkū ʻoihana. I kēia manawa, aia nō kekahi mau pilikia i ka ʻoihana surfactant, e like me ka ʻenehana hana kahiko, nā hale palekana kaiapuni ma lalo o ke kūlana, a me ka lawa ʻole o nā huahana waiwai nui i hoʻohui ʻia. Loaʻa i ka ʻoihana kahi ākea nui no ka hoʻomohala ʻana. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o nā kulekele aupuni a me ke koho ʻana o ke ola ʻana o ka mākeke a me ka hoʻopau ʻana, e lilo pinepine ka hui ʻana a me ka hoʻopau ʻana o nā ʻoihana i ka ʻoihana surfactant, a manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui hou ʻia ka nui o ka ʻoihana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻOkakopa-10-2023