ʻO ka hoʻonaninani ʻana i ka ʻaihao he hana hana e hoʻomākaukau ai i nā mea maka no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka metala a me ka ʻoihana kemika. Ua lilo ka lana ʻana o ka froth i kekahi o nā ʻano hana koʻikoʻi loa o ka hana ʻana i nā minerala. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kumuwaiwai minerala āpau me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka flotation.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka flotation i kēia manawa i ka hana ʻana i nā ores metala ferrous i hoʻomalu ʻia e ka hao a me ka manganese, e like me ka hematite, smithsonite, a me ka ilmenite; nā ores metala makamae e like me ke gula a me ke kālā; nā ores metala non-ferrous e like me ke keleawe, ke kēpau, zinc, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, a me ka antimony, e like me nā minelala sulfide e like me galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite, molybdenite, a me ka pentlandite, a me nā minelala oxide e like me malachite, cerussite, hemimorphite, cassiterite, a me wolframite; nā minelala paʻakai non-metallic e like me fluorite, apatite, a me barite; a me nā minelala paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e like me sylvite a me ka paʻakai pōhaku. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā minelala non-metallic a me nā silicates, e like me ke kalapona, graphite, sulfur, daimana, quartz, mica, feldspar, beryl, a me spodumene.
Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻo Flotation i ka ʻike nui ma ke kahua o ka hana ʻana i nā minerala, me ka holomua mau ʻana o ka ʻenehana. ʻOiai nā minerala haʻahaʻa a paʻakikī hoʻi i manaʻo ʻia he pono ʻole ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻoihana, hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia (ma ke ʻano he kumuwaiwai lua) ma o ka flotation.
I ka lilo ʻana o nā kumuwaiwai mineral i mea emi iki, me nā minelala pono i hoʻolaha maikaʻi ʻia a ʻano like ʻole i loko o nā ores, piʻi ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana. No ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai hana, koi nā ʻoihana e like me ka metallurgy a me nā kemika i nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me ka pololei no nā mea maka i hana ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā huahana i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia.
Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, aia kahi pono e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi; ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hōʻike nui ka flotation i nā pono ma luna o nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pilikia o nā minelala maikaʻi i paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale. Ua lilo ia i ke ʻano hana mineral i hoʻohana nui ʻia a hoʻohiki i kēia lā. I hoʻohana mua ʻia i nā minelala sulfide, ua hoʻonui mālie ka flotation i nā minelala oxide, nā minelala ʻaʻole metala, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. I kēia manawa, ua hana ʻia nā piliona tone o nā minelala e ka flotation ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka ʻenehana flotation i ka ʻenekinia hana mineral akā ua hoʻonui ʻia i ka palekana o ke kaiapuni, ka metallurgy, ka hana pepa, ka mahiʻai, nā kemika, ka meaʻai, nā mea hana, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me ka biology.
No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ka flotation e hoʻihoʻi i nā ʻāpana pono mai nā huahana waena o ka pyrometallurgy, volatiles, a me nā slags; e hoʻihoʻi i nā koena leach a me nā huahana precipitated mai ka hydrometallurgy; no ka wehe ʻana i ka inika o ka pepa hana hou a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka fiber mai ka wai ʻōpala pulp i ka ʻoihana kemika; a no ka unuhi ʻana i ka ʻaila maka kaumaha mai nā one o ka muliwai, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā mea haumia paʻa liʻiliʻi, nā colloids, nā bacteria, a me nā mea haumia metala trace mai ka wai ʻino, he mau noi maʻamau ia i ka ʻenekinia kaiapuni.
Me nā hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kaʻina hana a me nā ʻano hana flotation, a me ka puka ʻana mai o nā reagents flotation hou a me ka pono a me nā lako, e ʻike ʻia ka flotation i nā noi ākea ma nā ʻoihana a me nā kahua hou aʻe. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻina hana flotation e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai hana kiʻekiʻe ma muli o nā reagents (hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻokaʻawale magnetic a me ka umekaumaha); nā koi koʻikoʻi no ka nui o ka ʻāpana hānai; nā mea hoʻohuli he nui i ke kaʻina hana flotation, e koi ana i ka pololei ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe; a me ka wai hoʻoneoneo e loaʻa ana nā reagents koena e hiki ke hōʻino i ke kaiapuni.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-26-2025