Nā mea hoʻokuʻuhe papa o nā mea hoʻohui organik me nā hale kūikawā, e kaena ana i ka mōʻaukala lōʻihi a me nā ʻano like ʻole. Loaʻa i nā molekala surfactant kuʻuna nā ʻāpana hydrophilic a me ka hydrophobic i loko o ko lākou hale, no laila e loaʻa ai ka hiki ke hoʻemi i ka ʻili o ka wai-ʻo ia ke kumu o ko lākou inoa.
No ka ʻoihana kemika maikaʻi nā surfactants. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻoihana kemika maikaʻi e kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻenehana ʻenehana, nā ʻano huahana like ʻole, ka waiwai hoʻohui kiʻekiʻe, nā noi ākea, a me ka pilina ʻoihana ikaika. Hoʻohana pololei ʻo ia i nā ʻāpana he nui o ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni a me nā ʻano hana like ʻole o nā ʻoihana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana surfactant o Kina ua like ia me ka ʻoihana kemika maikaʻi o ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa: ua hoʻomaka ʻelua i ka lohi akā ua ulu wikiwiki. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā noi o lalo o ka ʻoihana surfactant, e uhi ana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina, e like me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, ka fiber aniani, ka uhi ʻana, ke kūkulu ʻana, ka pena, nā kemika o kēlā me kēia lā, inika, uila, pesticides, textiles, paʻi a me ke kala, nā fibers kemika, ka ʻili, ka ʻaila, a me ka ʻoihana kaʻa. Eia kekahi, ke hoʻonui nei lākou i nā ʻano ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe, hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo ikaika no nā ʻoihana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe e like me nā mea hou, biology, ikehu, a me ka ʻike.
Ua hoʻokumu ka ʻoihana surfactant o Kina i kekahi ʻano ʻenehana. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka mana hana o nā ʻano surfactant nui, hiki ke hoʻokō i nā pono kumu o nā mea kūʻai aku a hiki i ka lawe ʻana aku i kekahi mau huahana i ka mākeke honua. Ma ke ʻano o ka ʻenehana, ʻoi aku ka makua o nā ʻenehana kaʻina hana a me nā mea hana, a ʻo ka maikaʻi a me ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea waiwai nui e paʻa mau, e hāʻawi ana i ka hōʻoia kumu no ka hoʻomohala ʻokoʻa o ka ʻoihana surfactant.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-06-2025