He aha nā mea hoʻohana o nā surfactants i nā pesticides?

I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pesticide, kakaikahi ka hoʻohana pololei ʻana i ka mea hana. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea hana e hoʻohui i nā pesticides me nā adjuvants a me nā solvents e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono a hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai. ʻO nā surfactants nā mea kōkua koʻikoʻi e hoʻonui i ka hana pesticide i ka wā e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ana i nā lilo, ma o ka emulsification, foaming/defoaming, dispersion, a me nā hopena pulu. ʻO kā lākou hoʻohana nui ʻana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pesticide i kākau maikaʻi ʻia. 

Hoʻomaikaʻi nā Surfactants i ka ʻāʻī ma waena o nā ʻāpana i nā emulsions, e hana ana i ka uniform a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻopuehu paʻa. ʻO kā lākou hana amphiphilic - hui pū ʻana i nā hui hydrophilic a me lipophilic - hiki i ka adsorption ma nā hui ʻaila-wai. Hoʻemi kēia i ka haʻalulu interfacial a hoʻemi i ka ikehu e pono ai no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka emulsion, a laila e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻa.

ʻO ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i nā mea hoʻohana pesticide i loko o ka wai e like me ka micro-scale particles e hāʻawi i ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopili pololei nā emulsifiers i ka paʻa o nā emulsion pesticide, a laila e hoʻoholo i ko lākou pono.

ʻOkoʻa ke kūpaʻa me ka nui droplet:

● Nā ʻāpana <0.05 μm: Solubilized i ka wai, paʻa loa.

● Nā ʻāpana 0.05–1 μm: Hoʻoheheʻe ka hapa nui, paʻa paʻa.

● Nā ʻāpana 1–10 μm: Hoʻomoe hapa a i ʻole ka ua i ka manawa.

● Nā ʻāpana > 10 μm: ʻIke ʻia ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia, paʻa loa.

Ke ulu nei nā hale pesticide, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā organophosphate ʻona loa e nā mea ʻoi aku ka palekana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a me nā mea ʻona haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā pūhui Heterocyclic-e like me pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazole, thiazole, a me triazole derivatives-ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau e like me nā mea paʻa me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe maʻamau. Pono kēia i nā mea hou, kiʻekiʻe-efficiency, haʻahaʻa-toxic emulsifiers no kā lākou hana ʻana.

Ua hōʻike ʻo Kina, he alakaʻi honua i ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pesticide, he 2.083 miliona tons o ka huahana pesticide ʻenehana i ka makahiki 2018. ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻike kaiapuni ua hoʻoikaika i ka noi no nā hoʻohua kiʻekiʻe. No laila, ua kaulana ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau pesticides maikaʻi loa. ʻO nā surfactant kūlana kiʻekiʻe, ma ke ʻano he mea koʻikoʻi, ke pāʻani nei i ka hana koʻikoʻi i ka holomua ʻana i nā ʻenehana pesticide hoʻomau.