He aha nā kuleana kikoʻī a nā surfactants e pāʻani ai i nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe pickling?

1 Ma ke ʻano he mau mea pale noe ʻakika

I ka wā o ka pickling, ʻo ka waikawa hydrochloric, ka waikawa sulfuric, a i ʻole ka waikawa nitric e hana me ka substrate metala i ka wā e hana ai me ka popo a me ka unahi, e hoʻopuka ana i ka wela a hana i ka nui o ka noe waikawa. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā surfactants i ka hopena pickling, ma muli o ka hana a kā lākou mau hui hydrophobic, e hana i kahi uhi ʻili linear i kuhikuhi ʻia, insoluble ma luna o ka ʻili o ka hopena pickling. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana foaming o nā surfactants, hiki ke kāohi ʻia ka volatilization o ka noe waikawa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hoʻohui pinepine ʻia nā mea pale corrosion i nā hopena pickling, kahi e hoʻemi nui ai i ka helu corrosion metala a hoʻemi i ka ulu ʻana o ka hydrogen, a pēlā e hoʻemi ai i ka noe waikawa.

2 Ma ke ʻano he hui pū ʻana o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pickling a me ka degreasing

I ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kemika o nā lako ʻoihana maʻamau, inā loaʻa i ka haumia nā ʻāpana aila, hana mua ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe alkaline e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka pickling, a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe waikawa. Inā hoʻohui ʻia kahi nui o ka mea hoʻohemo momona, ʻo ia hoʻi nā surfactants nonionic, i ka hopena pickling, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻanuʻu ʻelua i hoʻokahi hana. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe paʻa i hana nui ʻia me ka waikawa sulfamic a loaʻa i kahi nui o nā surfactants, thiourea, a me nā paʻakai inorganic, i hoʻokahe ʻia me ka wai ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana. ʻAʻole wale kēia ʻano mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe i loaʻa nā waiwai maikaʻi loa no ka wehe ʻana i ka popo a me ka unahi a me ka pale ʻana i ka palaho akā hoʻopau pū i ka aila i ka manawa like.