He aha nā kuleana kikoʻī a nā surfactants e pāʻani ai i nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe like ʻole?

1. Hoʻohana ʻia ma ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe Chelating

ʻO nā mea Chelating, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he mau complexing agents a i ʻole ligands, hoʻohana i ka complexation (coordination) a i ʻole chelation o nā mea chelating like ʻole (me nā complexing agents) me nā ion scaling e hana i nā complexes soluble (coordination compounds) no nā kumu hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe waiHoʻohui pinepine ʻia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā mea chelating e hoʻolaha i ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻO nā mea hoʻohuihui inorganic i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e komo pū me ka sodium tripolyphosphate, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea chelating organik i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e komo pū me ka ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) a me ka nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA). ʻAʻole hoʻohana wale ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā mea chelating no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana wai hoʻoluʻu akā ua ʻike ʻia hoʻi ka hoʻomohala koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā unahi paʻakikī e hoʻoheheʻe. Ma muli o kona hiki ke hoʻopili a chelate paha i nā ion metala i nā unahi paʻakikī e hoʻoheheʻe, hāʻawi ia i ka pono hoʻomaʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe.

2. Hoʻohana ʻia ma ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ʻaila kaumaha a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka Coke

I loko o nā hale hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaila a me nā hale hana petrochemical, ʻeha pinepine nā lako hoʻololi wela a me nā paipu i ka haumia nui o ka ʻaila a me ka waiho ʻana o ka coke, e pono ai ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine. He mea ʻawahia loa ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik, hiki ke lapalapa, a pahū, ʻoiai ʻaʻole kūpono nā ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe alkaline maʻamau e kūʻē i ka haumia nui o ka ʻaila a me ka coke.

I kēia manawa, ʻo nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaila kaumaha i hoʻomohala ʻia ma ka home a me ka honua holoʻokoʻa ua hoʻokumu nui ʻia ma luna o nā surfactants composite, nona ka hui pū ʻana o kekahi mau surfactants nonionic a me anionic, me nā mea kūkulu inorganic a me nā mea alkaline. ʻAʻole wale nā ​​​​surfactants composite e hana i nā hopena e like me ka wetting, penetration, emulsification, dispersion, solubilization, a me ka foaming akā loaʻa pū kekahi hiki ke omo iā FeS₂. Ma keʻano laulā, pono ka hoʻomehana ʻana ma luna o 80°C no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana.

3. Hoʻohana ʻia i nā Biocides Wai Hoʻoluʻu

Ke loaʻa ka slime microbial i loko o nā ʻōnaehana wai hoʻoluʻu, hoʻohana ʻia nā biocides non-oxidizing, me nā surfactants nonionic haʻahaʻa-foaming e like me nā mea hoʻolaha a me nā penetrants, e hoʻonui i ka hana o nā mea hana a hoʻolaha i ko lākou komo ʻana i loko o nā cell a me ka papa mucus o nā fungi.

Eia kekahi, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā biocides paʻakai ammonium quaternary. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā surfactants cationic, me ka mea maʻamau ʻo benzalkonium chloride a me benzyldimethylammonium chloride. Hāʻawi lākou i ka mana biocidal ikaika, maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana, haʻahaʻa ka ʻawahia, a me ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa. Ma waho aʻe o kā lākou hana o ka wehe ʻana i ka slime a me ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻala mai ka wai, loaʻa iā lākou nā hopena pale corrosion.

Eia kekahi, ʻo nā biocides i haku ʻia me nā paʻakai ammonium quaternary a me ka methylene dithiocyanate ʻaʻole wale ka laulā ākea a me nā hopena biocidal synergistic akā pale pū i ka ulu ʻana o ka slime.