Cov tshuaj surfactants yog cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj uas xav tau, feem ntau muaj cov pab pawg hydrophilic thiab lipophilic uas tuaj yeem teeb tsa rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj. Cov tshuaj surfactants feem ntau suav nrog ob pawg: ionic surfactants thiab non-ionic surfactants. Ionic surfactants kuj suav nrog peb hom: anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, thiab zwitterionic surfactants.
Qhov ntws los ntawm cov saw hlau kev lag luam surfactant yog qhov muab cov khoom siv raw xws li ethylene, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, xibtes roj, thiab ethylene oxide; Qhov nruab nrab yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim khoom thiab kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom segmented, suav nrog polyols, polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, thiab lwm yam; Downstream, nws yog dav siv hauv cov teb xws li zaub mov, tshuaj pleev ib ce, kev ntxuav kev lag luam, kev luam ntawv textile thiab dyeing, thiab cov khoom ntxuav.
Los ntawm kev lag luam hauv qab, kev lag luam ntxuav tes yog qhov chaw siv tshuaj surfactants tseem ceeb, suav txog ntau dua 50% ntawm qhov xav tau hauv qab. Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, kev ntxuav kev lag luam, thiab kev luam ntawv thiab zas xim textile suav txog li 10%. Nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam thiab kev nthuav dav ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam, tag nrho kev tsim khoom thiab kev muag khoom ntawm surfactants tau tswj hwm kev nce qib. Xyoo 2022, kev tsim cov surfactants hauv Tuam Tshoj tau tshaj 4.25 lab tons, nce ntxiv txog li 4%, thiab qhov ntim muag khoom yog li 4.2 lab tons, nce ntxiv txog li 2%.
Tuam Tshoj yog lub teb chaws tsim cov tshuaj surfactants loj. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom, peb cov khoom tau maj mam tau txais kev lees paub hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb vim lawv qhov zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo, thiab muaj kev lag luam dav dav txawv teb chaws. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, cov khoom xa tawm tau tswj hwm qhov kev loj hlob. Xyoo 2022, cov khoom xa tawm ntawm cov tshuaj surfactants hauv Tuam Tshoj yog kwv yees li 870000 tons, nce ntxiv txog li 20%, feem ntau xa tawm mus rau cov teb chaws thiab thaj chaw xws li Russia, Nyiv, Philippines, Nyab Laj, Indonesia, thiab lwm yam.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov qauv tsim khoom, kev tsim cov tshuaj surfactants uas tsis yog ionic hauv Suav teb xyoo 2022 yog li ntawm 2.1 lab tons, uas yog ze li ntawm 50% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm surfactants, qeb duas thawj zaug. Kev tsim cov tshuaj surfactants anionic yog li ntawm 1.7 lab tons, uas yog li ntawm 40%, qeb duas thib ob. Ob qho no yog cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm surfactants.
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, lub teb chaws tau tshaj tawm cov cai xws li "Txoj Kev Npaj Tsib Xyoos Thib 14 rau Kev Txhim Kho Zoo ntawm Kev Lag Luam Surfactant", "Txoj Kev Npaj Tsib Xyoos Thib 14 rau Kev Txhim Kho Zoo ntawm Kev Lag Luam Tshuaj Ntxuav Tuam Tshoj", thiab "Txoj Kev Npaj Tsib Xyoos Thib 14 rau Kev Txhim Kho Kev Lag Luam Ntsuab" los tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig zoo rau kev lag luam surfactant, txhawb kev hloov pauv thiab kev txhim kho kev lag luam, thiab txhim kho mus rau ntsuab, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab zoo.
Tam sim no, muaj ntau tus neeg koom nrog hauv kev ua lag luam, thiab kev sib tw hauv kev lag luam kuj hnyav heev. Tam sim no, tseem muaj qee qhov teeb meem hauv kev lag luam surfactant, xws li cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom qub dhau lawm, cov chaw tiv thaiv ib puag ncig tsis zoo, thiab tsis txaus cov khoom muaj nqis ntxiv. Kev lag luam tseem muaj qhov chaw loj hlob. Yav tom ntej, nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia ntawm cov cai hauv tebchaws thiab kev xaiv ntawm kev ciaj sia thiab kev tshem tawm ntawm kev ua lag luam, kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev tshem tawm ntawm cov tuam txhab hauv kev lag luam surfactant yuav dhau los ua ntau zaus, thiab kev sib sau ua ke ntawm kev lag luam yuav nce ntxiv.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-10-2023