1. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Polymer Surfactants
Polymer surfactants xa mus rau cov khoom uas muaj qhov hnyav molecular mus txog ib theem (feem ntau yog li ntawm 103 txog 106) thiab muaj qee qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Raws li txoj cai, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua thaiv copolymer, graft copolymer, thiab lwm yam. Raws li hom ionic, polymer surfactants tau muab faib ua plaub pawg loj: anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, thiab nonionic. Raws li lawv lub hauv paus chiv keeb, lawv tuaj yeem raug categorized li natural polymer surfactants, hloov natural polymer surfactants, thiab hluavtaws polymer surfactants.
Piv rau qis-molecular-yuag surfactants, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm polymer surfactants yog:
(1) Lawv muaj peev xwm tsis muaj zog los txo qhov nro thiab cuam tshuam, thiab feem ntau tsis tsim micelles;
(2) Lawv muaj qhov hnyav dua molecular, uas ua rau lub zog nkag mus tsis muaj zog;
(3) Lawv muaj peev xwm ua npuas dej tsis zoo, tab sis cov npuas uas lawv tsim yog qhov ruaj khov;
(4) Lawv ua kom pom lub zog emulsifying zoo heev;
(5) Lawv muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws dispersing thiab cohesive zog;
(6) Feem ntau cov polymer surfactants yog cov tshuaj toxicity tsawg.
2. Muaj nuj nqi ntawm Polymer Surfactants
· Nto Ntog
Vim yog kev coj tus cwj pwm ntawm hydrophilic thiab hydrophobic ntu ntawm polymer surfactants ntawm qhov chaw los yog kev sib tshuam, lawv muaj peev xwm txo qhov nro thiab cuam tshuam ntawm lub ntsej muag, txawm hais tias qhov peev xwm no feem ntau qis dua qhov qis-molecular-weight surfactants.
Lub peev xwm ntawm polymer surfactants kom txo qhov nro saum npoo yog tsis muaj zog dua li cov uas tsis muaj molecular-yuag surfactants, thiab lawv cov dej num saum npoo poob qis heev vim qhov hnyav molecular nce.
· Emulsification thiab Dispersion
Txawm hais tias lawv qhov hnyav molecular siab, ntau cov polymer surfactants tuaj yeem tsim cov micelles nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm tawg thiab nthuav tawm qhov tseem ceeb micelle concentration (CMC), yog li ua tiav cov haujlwm emulsifying. Lawv cov qauv amphiphilic tso cai rau ib feem ntawm cov molecule rau adsorb mus rau qhov chaw particle thaum lwm qhov yog yaj hauv ntu ntu (qhov nruab nrab dispersion). Thaum lub polymer qhov hnyav molecular tsis siab dhau lawm, nws nthuav tawm steric hindrance cuam tshuam, tsim teeb meem ntawm qhov chaw ntawm monomer droplets los yog polymer hais los tiv thaiv lawv aggregation thiab coalescence.
· Coagulation
Thaum cov polymer surfactants muaj qhov hnyav heev molecular, lawv tuaj yeem adsorb mus rau ntau cov khoom, tsim txuas ntawm lawv thiab tsim flocs, yog li ua raws li flocculants.
· Lwm Txoj Haujlwm
Ntau cov polymer surfactants lawv tus kheej tsis tsim muaj zog ua npuas ncauj, tab sis lawv exhibit muaj zog tuav dej thiab zoo heev ua npuas ncauj stability. Vim lawv qhov hnyav molecular, lawv kuj muaj cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov khoom nplaum.
· Kev daws tus cwj pwm
Kev coj tus cwj pwm ntawm polymer surfactants hauv cov kuab tshuaj xaiv: Feem ntau cov polymer surfactants yog amphiphilic block lossis graft copolymer. Hauv kev xaiv cov kuab tshuaj, lawv tus cwj pwm kev daws teeb meem yog qhov nyuaj dua li cov molecules me lossis homopolymers. Cov yam ntxwv xws li cov qauv molecular, qhov sib piv ntev ntawm amphiphilic ntu, muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab cov khoom hnyav hnyav cuam tshuam rau lawv cov tshuaj morphology. Zoo li cov uas tsis muaj molecular-yuag surfactants, amphiphilic polymers txo qhov nro ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm adsorbing hydrophobic pawg ntawm qhov chaw thaum ib txhij tsim micelles hauv cov tshuaj.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-10-2025