Koj paub dab tsi txog cov polymer surfactants

1. Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb ntawm Polymer Surfactants

Cov tshuaj polymer surfactants yog hais txog cov tshuaj uas muaj qhov hnyav molecular ncav cuag ib qib (feem ntau ntawm 103 txog 106) thiab muaj qee yam khoom siv surfactant. Los ntawm kev tsim kho, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua block copolymers, graft copolymers, thiab lwm yam. Raws li hom ionic, cov tshuaj polymer surfactants raug muab faib ua plaub pawg loj: anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, thiab nonionic. Raws li lawv keeb kwm, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov tshuaj polymer surfactants ntuj, cov tshuaj polymer surfactants hloov kho ntuj, thiab cov tshuaj polymer surfactants hluavtaws.

Piv rau cov surfactants uas tsis muaj molecular hnyav, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm polymer surfactants yog:

(1) Lawv muaj peev xwm txo qis qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov sib txuas ntawm lub ntsej muag, thiab feem ntau tsis tsim cov micelles;

(2) Lawv muaj qhov hnyav molecular siab dua, ua rau lub zog nkag mus tsis muaj zog;

(3) Lawv ua rau muaj peev xwm ua npuas dej tsis zoo, tab sis cov npuas uas lawv tsim tau ruaj khov heev;

(4) Lawv ua pov thawj tias muaj zog emulsifying zoo heev;

(5) Lawv muaj cov khoom zoo heev uas tawg thiab sib koom ua ke;

(6) Feem ntau cov polymer surfactants muaj cov tshuaj lom tsawg.

2. Cov Khoom Siv Ua Haujlwm ntawm Polymer Surfactants

· Kev Ntshaw Nto

Vim yog tus cwj pwm orientational ntawm cov hydrophilic thiab hydrophobic segments ntawm polymer surfactants ntawm qhov chaw lossis interfaces, lawv muaj peev xwm txo qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov chaw thiab interfacial, txawm hais tias qhov peev xwm no feem ntau qis dua li ntawm cov surfactants qis-molecular-weight.

Lub peev xwm ntawm polymer surfactants kom txo qhov nro ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj zog dua li ntawm cov surfactants uas muaj qhov hnyav molecular tsawg, thiab lawv cov dej num ntawm qhov chaw poob qis sai sai thaum qhov hnyav molecular nce ntxiv.

· Kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab kev tawg tawm

Txawm hais tias lawv muaj qhov hnyav molecular siab, ntau cov polymer surfactants tuaj yeem tsim cov micelles hauv theem dispersed thiab qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb micelle concentration (CMC), yog li ua tiav cov haujlwm emulsifying. Lawv cov qauv amphiphilic tso cai rau ib feem ntawm cov molecule kom adsorb rau ntawm cov khoom me me thaum lwm qhov yaj hauv theem tas mus li (qhov nruab nrab dispersion). Thaum lub polymer qhov hnyav molecular tsis siab dhau, nws qhia txog cov teebmeem steric hindrance, tsim cov teeb meem ntawm cov monomer droplets lossis polymer particles kom tiv thaiv lawv cov aggregation thiab coalescence.

Kev sib xyaw ua ke

Thaum cov polymer surfactants muaj qhov hnyav molecular siab heev, lawv tuaj yeem nqus tau ntau yam khoom me me, tsim cov choj ntawm lawv thiab tsim cov flocs, yog li ua haujlwm ua flocculants.

· Lwm Cov Haujlwm

Ntau cov polymer surfactants lawv tus kheej tsis tsim cov ua npuas ncauj muaj zog, tab sis lawv exNws muaj zog tuav dej thiab ua npuas dej ruaj khov zoo heev. Vim lawv qhov hnyav molecular siab, lawv kuj muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo heev rau kev tsim zaj duab xis thiab nplaum.

·Kev coj ua ntawm kev daws teeb meem

Tus cwj pwm ntawm polymer surfactants hauv cov kuab tshuaj xaiv: Feem ntau cov polymer surfactants yog amphiphilic block lossis graft copolymers. Hauv cov kuab tshuaj xaiv, lawv tus cwj pwm daws teeb meem nyuaj dua li ntawm cov molecules me me lossis homopolymers. Cov yam xws li cov qauv molecular, qhov ntev piv ntawm amphiphilic segments, cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab cov khoom siv solvent cuam tshuam rau lawv cov morphology daws teeb meem. Zoo li cov surfactants qis-molecular-weight, amphiphilic polymers txo qhov nro ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm kev nqus cov pab pawg hydrophobic ntawm qhov chaw thaum tib lub sijhawm tsim cov micelles hauv cov tshuaj.