Usoro nke crudemmanụ demulsifiersgbadoro ụkwụ na usoro ngbanwe ngbanwe-reverse deformation. Mgbe agbakwunyere demulsifier, ntụgharị nke akụkụ na-eme, na-emepụta ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ụdị emulsion na-abụghị nke emulsifier (reverse demulsifier). Ndị demulsifiers ndị a na-emekọ ihe na emulsifiers hydrophobic iji mepụta ogige, si otú a na-ewepụ ihe ndị na-eme emulsifying. Usoro ọzọ bụ ihe nkiri ihu ihu site na nkukota. N'okpuru ikpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ mkpasu iwe, ndị demulsifiers na-ejikọtakarị ihe nkiri interfacial nke emulsion - ma ọ bụ na-etinye aka na ya ma ọ bụ na-ewepụ ụfọdụ ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe-nke na-emebi ihe nkiri ahụ, na-eduga n'ịgbagharị, coalescence, na n'ikpeazụ demulsification.
Emulsion crude mmanụ na-emekarị n'oge mmepụta na nnụcha mmanụ. A na-emepụta ọtụtụ n'ime mmanụ crude n'ụwa n'ụdị emulsified. Ihe emulsion mejupụtara ma ọ dịkarịa ala mmiri mmiri abụọ na-enweghị atụ, ebe a na-achụsasị ya dị ka ụmụ irighiri mmiri dị oke mma (ihe dịka 1 mm na dayameta) kwụsịtụrụ na nke ọzọ.
Otu n'ime mmiri mmiri ndị a bụ mmiri, nke ọzọ bụ mmanụ. Enwere ike ịgbasa mmanụ ahụ nke ọma na mmiri, na-akpụ mmanụ na mmiri (O / W) emulsion, ebe mmiri bụ oge na-aga n'ihu na mmanụ bụ akụkụ nke gbasasịrị. N'aka nke ọzọ, ọ bụrụ na mmanụ bụ oge na-aga n'ihu na mmiri na-agbasasị, ọ na-emepụta emulsion nke mmiri na mmanụ (W / O). Ọtụtụ emulsions mmanụ crude bụ nke ụdị nke ikpeazụ.
N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, nyocha na usoro nrụpụta mmanụ amịpụtara agbadoro anya na nleba anya zuru oke nke njikọta nke droplet na mmetụta nke demulsifiers na rheology interfacial. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi mgbagwoju anya nke mkparịta ụka demulsifier-emulsion, n'agbanyeghị nyocha dị ukwuu, a ka nwere echiche dị n'otu na usoro nke demulsification.
Ọtụtụ usoro anabatara nke ọma gụnyere:
Ntugharị 1.Molecule: Mkpụrụ ndụ Demulsifier na-edochi emulsifiers na interface, na-eme ka emulsion kwụsị.
2. Nrụrụ wrinkle: Ọmụmụ ihe omimi na-egosi W / O emulsions nwere okpukpu abụọ ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ mmiri nke kewara site na mgbanaka mmanụ. N'okpuru kpo oku, mkpasu iwe, na arụ ọrụ demulsifier, akwa akwa ndị a na-ejikọta ọnụ, na-eme ka mmiri na-agbakọta ọnụ.
Na mgbakwunye, nyocha ụlọ na sistemu emulsion O/W na-egosi na ezigbo demulsifier ga-enwerịrị ihe ndị a: arụ ọrụ elu siri ike, ịdị mma mmiri mmiri, ikike flocculation zuru oke, yana ịrụ ọrụ nnabata dị mma.
Enwere ike ịkewa ndị demulsifiers dabere na ụdị surfactant:
•Anionic demulsifiers: Gụnye carboxylates, sulfonates, na polyoxyethylene fatty sulfates. Ha adịghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma, chọrọ nnukwu doses, ma na-enwe mmetụta maka electrolytes.
•Cationic demulsifiers: tumadi quaternary ammonium salts, dị irè maka mmanụ dị mfe mana adịghị mma maka mmanụ dị arọ ma ọ bụ agadi.
•Nonionic demulsifiers: Gụnyere ngọngọ polyether nke amines ma ọ bụ alcohols butere, alkylphenol resin block polyethers, phenol-amine resin block polyethers, silicone demulsifiers, ultra-high molecular weight demulsifiers, polyphosphates, modified block oil polyethers, and imififififidar demulsifiers (Zwits-based demulsifier). demulsifiers).
Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-22-2025