Amines fatty na-ezo aka na ngalaba sara mbara nke ogige amine organic nwere ogologo carbon carbon sitere na C8 ruo C22. Dịka amines izugbe, a na-ekewa ha n'ụdị isi anọ: amines nke mbụ, amines secondary, amines tertiary, na polyamines. Ọdịiche dị n'etiti amines praịmarị, nke abụọ na nke atọ dabere n'ọnụọgụ atom hydrogen dị na amonia nke ndị otu alkyl nọchiri anya ya.
Amines fatty bụ ihe sitere na amonia. Amines fatty nke dị mkpụmkpụ (C8-10) na-egosipụta ụfọdụ solubility n'ime mmiri, ebe amines fatty ogologo a na-ejikarị eme ihe na mmiri ma dị ka mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ ihe siri ike na okpomọkụ. Ha nwere ihe ndị bụ isi na, dịka ntọala organic, nwere ike ịkpasu iwe na imebi akpụkpọ ahụ na akpụkpọ anụ mucous.
Emepụtara nke ọma site na mmeghachi omume nke alcohols fatty na dimethylamine iji nye monoalkyldimethyl tertiary amines, mmeghachi omume nke alcohols fatty na monomethylamine iji mepụta dialkylmethyl tertiary amines, yana mmeghachi omume nke mmanya na-aba ụba na amonia iji mepụta amines nke trikyl tertiary.
Usoro a na-amalite site na mmeghachi omume nke fatty acids na amonia iji mepụta nitriles fatty, bụ nke a na-emezi hydrogenated iji nweta amines nke bụ isi ma ọ bụ nke abụọ. Amines ndị a bụ isi ma ọ bụ nke abụọ na-enweta hydrogendimethylation iji mepụta amines nke atọ. Amines nke mbụ, mgbe cyanoethylation na hydrogenation gasịrị, enwere ike ịtụgharị ka ọ bụrụ diamines. Diamines na-aga n'ihu na-enweta cyanoethylation na hydrogenation iji mepụta triamines, nke nwere ike gbanwee ghọọ tetramines site na cyanoethylation na hydrogenation ọzọ.
Ngwa nke Fatty Amines
A na-eji amines ndị mbụ eme ihe dị ka ndị na-egbochi corrosion, mmanụ aṅụ, ndị na-ahapụ ebu, ihe mgbakwunye mmanụ, ihe mgbakwunye pigmenti, ndị na-agbapụta mmiri, ndị na-eme wetting, ndị na-egbochi uzuzu fatịlaịza, ihe mgbakwunye mmanụ, fatịlaịza na-egbochi caking, ndị na-akpụzi, ndị na-efegharị mmiri, mmanụ aṅụ, ihe hydrophobic, ihe mgbakwunye mmiri, ihe mgbakwunye mmiri.
Amines bụ isi nke carbon dị elu juputara, dị ka octadecylamine, na-eje ozi dị ka ihe ntọhapụ ebu maka rọba siri ike na ụfụfụ polyurethane. A na-eji Dodecylamine na-arụ ọrụ na mweghachi nke eke na sịntetik rubbers, dị ka surfactant na chemical tin-plating ngwọta, na na mbelata amination nke isomaltose na-emepụta malt mmepụta. A na-eji Oleylamine eme ihe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye mmanụ dizel.
Mmepụta nke Cationic Surfactants
Amines nke mbụ na nnu ha na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ndị na-ahụ maka flotation ore, ndị na-egbochi nri maka fatịlaịza ma ọ bụ ihe mgbawa, ndị na-ekpuchi mmiri akwụkwọ, corrosion inhibitors, ihe mgbakwunye mmanu, biocides na ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ala, ihe mgbakwunye maka mmanụ ọkụ na mmanụ ụgbọala, ndị na-ehicha ọkụ eletrik, emulsifiers, na mmepụta nke ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe. A na-ejikwa ha na ọgwụgwọ mmiri na dịka ndị na-emepụta ihe. Enwere ike iji amines nke mbụ were mepụta emulsifier nke ụdị nnu ammonium nke anọ, nke a na-ejikarị arụ ọrụ na nhazi nke okporo ụzọ dị elu, na-ebelata ike ọrụ yana ịgbatị ogologo ndụ pavement.
Mmepụta nke Nonionic Surfactants
A na-eji ntinye nke amines isi fatty na ethylene oxide eme ihe n'ụzọ bụ isi dị ka ihe antistatic na ụlọ ọrụ rọba. Ethoxylated amines, n'ịbụ ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe na rọba, na-akwaga n'elu, ebe ha na-amịkọrọ mmiri dị n'ikuku, na-eme ka elu plastik dị antistatic.
Mmepụta nke Amphoteric Surfactants
Dodecylamine na-emeghachi omume na methyl acrylate ma na-enweta saponification na neutralization iji nye N-dodecyl-β-alanine. A na-eji ihe ngwọta mmiri na-acha ọkụ na-acha ọkụ ma ọ bụ na-enweghị agba, nnukwu solubility n'ime mmiri ma ọ bụ ethanol, biodegradability, ndidi mmiri siri ike, obere mgbakasị akpụkpọ ahụ, na obere nsị. Ngwa gụnyere ihe na-afụ ụfụfụ, emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitors, ihe ncha mmiri mmiri, ncha ntutu, ntutu isi, ihe nro na ihe ndị na-egbochi ọrịa.
Oge nzipu: Nov-20-2025