Kua tere te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau me ngā hua o te surfactant matomato, ā, kua eke ētahi ki ngā paerewa matua o te ao. Ko te hanga o ngā surfactant matomato hou mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi whakahou pēnei i ngā hinu me ngā māngaro kua waiho hei kaupapa matua i roto i ngā rangahau, whanaketanga, me ngā mahi ahumahi hou. Mā te kanorau o ngā momo surfactant me ngā hua ka tutuki ngā hiahia o ngā momo ahumahi.
Ahakoa te tere o te whanaketanga o ngā momo surfactant mahi iti, kei te noho tonu he rerekētanga nui i waenga i te momo me te rahinga ki ngā whenua whakawhanake. Ko te mahi-ā-ringa tētahi atu huarahi matua mō te whanaketanga o te surfactant, e tautokona ana e ngā aratohu kaupapa here ā-motu, ā, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana e te umanga. Kua whakapau kaha ngā whare rangahau ā-rohe, ngā whare wānanga, me ngā kamupene ki tēnei mara, ā, kua puta he hua pai.
I roto i ngā otinga wai, kāore ngā matū horoi wai e whakarerekē noa i te ngohe o te otinga (arā, te whakaiti i te taumahatanga o te mata) engari he pānga nui anō hoki ki ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te horoi pērā i te urunga, te mimiti, te mākū, te horapa, te whakaemulsification, te whakarewatanga, me te pahuka—ina koa tata ki te kukū micelle matua (CMC).
Ehara i te mea he matū kotahi noa ngā matū horoi e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā hopi horoi hangai, engari he maha ngā wā kei roto ngā rahinga rerekē o ngā homolog tata. Heoi anō, ko ngā matū horoi he iti iho i te kotahi hautoru o te taumaha katoa o te hopi horoi, ko te toenga he maha ngā tāpiringa me ngā kaihoko āwhina e mahi ana i ngā mahi rerekē. Nō reira, ko te tukanga horoi o ngā hopi horoi hangai maha-wāhanga he tikanga uaua, he mahi tahi.
Ko te wāhanga matua o ngā hopi horoi hangai ko ngā ngota amphiphilic, he rōpū hydrophobic (aroha ki te hinu) me hydrophilic (aroha ki te wai) kei a rātou. Ka piri ēnei ngota ki ngā atanga, ka hanga paparanga kotahi e whakaiti ana i te taumahatanga mata—he āhuatanga e mōhiotia ana ko te mahi mata (interfacetional rānei). Ko ngā matū e whakaatu ana i tēnei āhuatanga ka kiia ko ngā kaihohe hohe mata (surfactants).
Ina horoia ngā kakahu kua poke i te hinu ki te wai anake, ka uaua te tango i te paru nā te kore e taea te whakaranu i te hinu me te wai. Mā te tāpiri i te hopi, i ngā hopi hangai rānei ka whakarerekē i te taupatupatu i waenga i te hinu, te wai, te kakahu, me te hau, ka whakaoho i ngā tukanga pēnei i te urunga, te mimiti, te mākū, te horapa, te whakaemulsification, te whakarewatanga, me te pahuka. I te whakakotahitanga me te mahi ā-ringa (te horoi, te whakaoho mīhini rānei), ka taea te tango pai i te paru hinu.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-24-2025