Kodi demulsifier mafuta amagwira ntchito bwanji?

The makina akudamafuta demulsifierszimachokera ku chiphunzitso cha phase inversion-reverse deformation. Pambuyo powonjezera demulsifier, kusinthika kwa gawo kumachitika, ndikupanga ma surfactants omwe amapanga mtundu wina wa emulsion womwe umapangidwa ndi emulsifier (reverse demulsifier). Ma demulsifiers awa amalumikizana ndi ma emulsifiers a hydrophobic kuti apange ma complexes, potero amalepheretsa zinthu zopangira emulsifying. Njira ina ndiyo kuphulika kwa filimu yapakati pa nkhope mwa kugundana. Pakutenthedwa kapena kugwedezeka, zowononga nthawi zambiri zimagundana ndi filimu yolumikizana ndi mawonekedwe a emulsion-mwina kutengerapo kapena kuchotsa mamolekyu ena owonjezera - zomwe zimasokoneza filimuyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti filimuyo isasunthike, igwirizane, ndikuwonongeka.

 

Ma emulsion amafuta osakanizidwa amapezeka nthawi zambiri popanga mafuta ndikuyenga. Mafuta ambiri padziko lapansi amapangidwa mu mawonekedwe a emulsified. Emulsion imakhala ndi zakumwa zosachepera ziwiri, zomwe zimamwazikana ngati madontho abwino kwambiri (pafupifupi 1 mm m'mimba mwake) zoimitsidwa mwa zina.

 

Kawirikawiri, chimodzi mwa zakumwazi ndi madzi, ndipo china ndi mafuta. The mafuta akhoza finely omwazika m'madzi, kupanga mafuta-mu-madzi (O/W) emulsion, kumene madzi ndi mosalekeza gawo ndi mafuta ndi omwazika gawo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati mafuta ndi gawo lopitirira ndipo madzi amamwazika, amapanga emulsion yamadzi-mu-mafuta (W / O). Ma emulsions ambiri amafuta osakanizidwa ndi amtundu womaliza.

 

M'zaka zaposachedwa, kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi njira zochotsera mafuta osakanizika adayang'ana kwambiri pakuwunika mwatsatanetsatane madontho ophatikizana komanso momwe ma demulsifiers amakhudzira ma rheology. Komabe, chifukwa cha zovuta za kuyanjana kwa demulsifier-emulsion, ngakhale kafukufuku wochuluka, palibe chiphunzitso chogwirizana pa njira ya demulsification.

 

Njira zingapo zovomerezeka ndi izi:

1.Kusamuka kwa mamolekyu: Mamolekyu a demulsifier amalowa m'malo mwa emulsifiers pa mawonekedwe, kusokoneza emulsion.

2.Kuwonongeka kwa makwinya: Kafukufuku wa Microscopic akuwonetsa ma emulsion a W / O ali ndi zigawo ziwiri kapena zingapo zamadzi zolekanitsidwa ndi mphete zamafuta. Pansi pa kutentha, chipwirikiti, ndi zochita za demulsifier, zigawozi zimalumikizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madontho agwirizane.

Kuonjezera apo, kafukufuku wapakhomo pa machitidwe a O/W emulsion akusonyeza kuti demulsifier yabwino iyenera kukwaniritsa zotsatirazi: kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu pamwamba, kunyowa kwabwino, kugwedezeka kokwanira, ndi ntchito yogwirizana.

 

Ma demulsifiers amatha kugawidwa kutengera mitundu ya surfactant:

•Anionic demulsifiers: Mulinso carboxylates, sulfonates, ndi polyoxyethylene mafuta sulfates. Sizigwira ntchito bwino, zimafuna mlingo waukulu, ndipo zimakhudzidwa ndi electrolyte.

•Cationic demulsifiers: Makamaka mchere wa quaternary ammonium, wothandiza ku mafuta opepuka koma osayenerera mafuta olemera kapena okalamba.

•Nonionic demulsifiers: Mulinso ma poliyeti a block omwe amayambitsidwa ndi ma amine kapena mowa, ma alkylphenol resin block polyethers, phenol-amine resin block polyethers, silicone-based demulsifiers, ultra-high molecular weight demulsifiers, polyphosphates, modified block polyethers, ndi zwitterionic mafuta opangidwa ndi zwitterionic demuls demulsifiers).