Kodi ntchito za ma surfactants mu zodzoladzola ndi ziti?

Zopangira madziNdi zinthu zomwe zili ndi kapangidwe kake kapadera kwambiri ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani opanga zodzoladzola. Zimagwira ntchito ngati zosakaniza zothandizira popanga zodzoladzola—ngakhale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono, zimakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Zodzoladzola zimapezeka m'zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo zotsukira nkhope, mafuta odzola, mafuta odzola pakhungu, ma shampu, zodzoladzola, ndi mano otsukira mano. Ntchito zawo mu zodzoladzola ndizosiyanasiyana, makamaka kuphatikiza emulsification, kuyeretsa, thovu, kusungunula, mphamvu yolimbana ndi mabakiteriya, mphamvu yotsutsa static, ndi kufalikira. Pansipa, tikufotokoza ntchito zawo zazikulu zinayi:

(1) Kusakaniza kwa Emulsification

Kodi emulsification ndi chiyani? Monga tikudziwira, mafuta ndi mafuta odzola omwe timagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri posamalira khungu amakhala ndi zinthu zamafuta komanso madzi ambiri—ndi zosakaniza za mafuta ndi madzi. Komabe, bwanji sitingathe kuwona madontho a mafuta kapena madzi omwe akutuluka ndi maso? Izi zili choncho chifukwa amapanga njira yofalikira yofanana kwambiri: zinthu zamafuta zimagawidwa mofanana ngati madontho ang'onoang'ono m'madzi, kapena madzi amagawidwa mofanana ngati madontho ang'onoang'ono m'mafuta. Choyamba chimatchedwa emulsion ya mafuta-mu-madzi (O/W), pomwe chachiwiri ndi emulsion ya madzi-mu-mafuta (W/O). Zodzola zamtunduwu zimadziwika kuti zodzoladzola zochokera ku emulsion, mtundu wofala kwambiri.

Muzochitika zachizolowezi, mafuta ndi madzi sizingasakanikirane. Akangosiya kusakaniza, zimagawikana m'magawo, zomwe sizimapanga kufalikira kokhazikika komanso kofanana. Komabe, mu mafuta ndi mafuta odzola (zopangidwa ndi emulsion), zinthu zamafuta ndi zamadzi zimatha kupanga kufalikira kosakanikirana bwino komanso kofanana chifukwa cha kuwonjezera ma surfactants. Kapangidwe kapadera ka ma surfactants kamalola zinthu zosasakanikirana izi kuti zisakanikirane mofanana, ndikupanga njira yofalikira yokhazikika - yomwe ndi emulsion. Ntchito imeneyi ya ma surfactants imatchedwa emulsification, ndipo ma surfactants omwe amachita ntchito imeneyi amatchedwa ma emulsifiers. Chifukwa chake, ma surfactants amapezeka mu ma cream ndi mafuta odzola omwe timagwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.

(2) Kuyeretsa ndi Kutulutsa Thovu

Ma surfactants ena ali ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zotsukira ndi kutulutsa thovu. Sopo, chitsanzo chodziwika bwino, ndi mtundu wa surfactant womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Sopo wosambira ndi sopo wothira mipiringidzo amadalira sopo wawo (ma surfactants) kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zoyeretsa ndi kutulutsa thovu. Ma sopo ena otsukira nkhope amagwiritsanso ntchito sopo wotsukira. Komabe, sopo ali ndi mphamvu yotsukira kwambiri, yomwe imatha kuchotsa mafuta achilengedwe pakhungu ndipo ingakhale yokwiyitsa pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti isagwiritsidwe ntchito pakhungu louma kapena losamva.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma bath gels, shampu, zotsukira m'manja, ndi mano otsukira mano zonse zimadalira ma surfactants kuti azitsuka komanso kutulutsa thovu.

(3) Kusungunuka

Mankhwala osungunula amatha kuwonjezera kusungunuka kwa zinthu zomwe sizisungunuka kapena zomwe sizisungunuka bwino m'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisungunuke kwathunthu ndikupanga yankho lowonekera. Ntchitoyi imatchedwa kusungunuka, ndipo mankhwala osungunula omwe amachita izi amadziwika kuti ndi osungunula.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati tikufuna kuwonjezera mafuta ochulukirapo omwe amanyowetsa kwambiri ku toner yoyera, mafutawo sangasungunuke m'madzi koma m'malo mwake amayandama ngati madontho ang'onoang'ono pamwamba. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yosungunula ya ma surfactants, titha kuyika mafutawo mu toner, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azioneka bwino komanso mowonekera. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe angasungunuke kudzera mu kusungunuka ndi kochepa - kuchuluka kwakukulu kumakhala kovuta kusungunuka kwathunthu m'madzi. Chifukwa chake, pamene kuchuluka kwa mafuta kukuwonjezeka, kuchuluka kwa surfactant kuyeneranso kukwera kuti mafuta ndi madzi azisungunuka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma toner ena amawoneka oyera kapena opepuka ngati mkaka: ali ndi mafuta ambiri onyowetsa, omwe ma surfactants amasungunuka ndi madzi.