Ma Surfactantsndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala apadera kwambiri ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani azodzikongoletsera. Zimagwira ntchito ngati zopangira zodzikongoletsera - ngakhale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono, zimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu. Zinthu zothirira madzi zimapezeka m’zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo zoyeretsera kumaso, zopaka zonyowa, zopaka pakhungu, ma shampoos, zoziziritsa kukhosi, ndi mankhwala otsukira mano. Ntchito zawo mu zodzoladzola ndi zosiyanasiyana, makamaka kuphatikizapo emulsification, kuyeretsa, thovu, solubilization, antibacterial kanthu, antistatic zotsatira, ndi kubalalitsidwa. M'munsimu, tikulongosola mwatsatanetsatane maudindo awo anayi:
(1) Kukometsa
Kodi emulsification ndi chiyani? Monga tikudziwira, mafuta odzola ndi mafuta odzola omwe timakonda kugwiritsa ntchito posamalira khungu amakhala ndi mafuta ambiri komanso madzi ambiri - ndi osakaniza amafuta ndi madzi. Komabe, nchifukwa ninji sitingathe kuwona madontho a mafuta kapena madzi akutuluka ndi maso? Izi ndichifukwa choti amapanga dongosolo lomwazikana kwambiri: zigawo zamafuta zimagawidwa mofanana ngati madontho ting'onoting'ono m'madzi, kapena madzi amamwazikana ngati madontho ang'onoang'ono amafuta. Yoyamba imatchedwa mafuta-mu-madzi (O / W) emulsion, pamene yotsirizira ndi madzi-mu-mafuta (W / O) emulsion. Zodzoladzola zamtundu uwu zimatchedwa emulsion-based cosmetics, mitundu yodziwika kwambiri.
M'mikhalidwe yabwino, mafuta ndi madzi ndizosagwirizana. Akasiya kusonkhezera, amapatukana m’magulumagulu, ndipo amalephera kupanga kamtanda kokhazikika, kofananako. Komabe, mu zodzoladzola ndi zodzoladzola (zopangidwa ndi emulsion), zigawo zamafuta ndi zamadzimadzi zimatha kupanga kusakanikirana kosakanikirana, kufalikira kwa yunifolomu chifukwa cha kuwonjezera kwa surfactants. Mapangidwe apadera a surfactants amalola kuti zinthu zosasunthikazi zisakanizike mofanana, kupanga dongosolo lokhazikika lomwazikana - ndilo, emulsion. Ntchito ya ma surfactants iyi imatchedwa emulsification, ndipo ma surfactants omwe amagwira ntchitoyi amatchedwa emulsifiers. Chifukwa chake, ma surfactants amapezeka mumafuta ndi mafuta odzola omwe timagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse.
(2) Kutsuka ndi Kuchita thovu
Ma surfactants ena amawonetsa zinthu zabwino kwambiri zoyeretsa komanso kuchita thovu. Sopo, chitsanzo chodziwika bwino, ndi mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mowirikiza. Sopo osambira ndi sopo wa bar amadalira zigawo zawo za sopo (zowonjezera) kuti akwaniritse kuyeretsa ndi kuchita thovu. Ena oyeretsa kumaso amagwiritsanso ntchito zigawo za sopo poyeretsa. Komabe, sopo ali ndi mphamvu yoyeretsa yolimba, yomwe imatha kuchotsa khungu la mafuta ake achilengedwe ndipo imatha kukwiyitsa pang'ono, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosayenera khungu louma kapena lovuta.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma gels osambira, ma shampoos, kusamba m'manja, ndi mankhwala otsukira m'mano onse amadalira zida zopangira mafuta kuti ziyeretsedwe komanso kuchita thovu.
(3) Kukhazikika
Ma Surfactants amatha kuwonjezera kusungunuka kwa zinthu zomwe sizisungunuka kapena zosasungunuka bwino m'madzi, zomwe zimawalola kusungunuka kwathunthu ndikupanga njira yowonekera. Ntchitoyi imatchedwa solubilization, ndipo ma surfactants omwe amagwira ntchito amadziwika kuti solubilizers.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati tikufuna kuwonjezera chigawo chamafuta chonyowa kwambiri pa tona yomveka bwino, mafutawo sangasungunuke m'madzi koma amayandama ngati madontho ang'onoang'ono pamwamba. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya solubilizing ya ma surfactants, titha kuphatikizira mafuta mu tona, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aziwoneka bwino. Komabe, ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amatha kusungunuka pogwiritsa ntchito solubilization ndi ochepa-zochuluka kwambiri zimakhala zovuta kusungunuka m'madzi. Choncho, pamene mafuta akuwonjezeka, kuchuluka kwa surfactant kuyeneranso kukwera kuti kusungunuke mafuta ndi madzi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma tona ena amawoneka ngati opaque kapena oyera amkaka: amakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe ma surfactants amawapaka ndi madzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-11-2025