Amine zirimo ibinure bivuga icyiciro kinini cy’ibinyabutabire by’amine bifite uburebure bw’uruhererekane rwa karubone kuva kuri C8 kugeza kuri C22. Kimwe n’amine rusange, zishyirwa mu moko ane y’ingenzi: amine z’ibanze, amine z’inyongera, amine z’inyongera, na polyamine. Itandukaniro riri hagati y’amine z’ibanze, iz’inyongera, n’iz’inyongera rishingiye ku mubare wa atome za hydrogen muri amoniya zisimbuzwa amatsinda ya alkyl.
Amines zifite ibinure ni ibintu bikomoka kuri amoniya. Amines zifite ibinure by’uruhererekane rugufi (C8-10) zigaragaza ubushobozi bwo gushonga mu mazi, mu gihe amines zifite ibinure by’uruhererekane rurerure muri rusange zidashonga mu mazi kandi zikabaho nk’ibintu bito cyangwa ibintu bikomeye ku bushyuhe bw’icyumba. Zifite imiterere y’ibanze kandi, nk’ishingiro ry’ibinyabuzima, zishobora gukurura no kwangiza uruhu n’imitsi.
Bikorwa cyane cyane binyuze mu gukorana kwa alkoholi zirimo ibinure hamwe na dimethylamine kugira ngo bivemo monoalkyldimethyl tertiary amines, gukorana kwa alkoholi zirimo ibinure hamwe na monomethylamine kugira ngo bivemo dialkylmethyl tertiary amines, hamwe n'imikorere ya alkoholi zirimo ibinure hamwe na ammonia kugira ngo bivemo trialkyl tertiary amines.
Iyi gahunda itangirana n'uburyo aside irike na ammonia bikorana kugira ngo bikore nitrile zirimo ibinure, hanyuma zigashyirwamo hidrojeni kugira ngo zikore amine zirimo ibinure z'ibanze cyangwa iz'inyongera. Izi amine zibanza cyangwa iz'inyongera zikorerwa hidrojeni dimethylation kugira ngo zikore amine zisanzwe. Amine zibanza, nyuma ya cyanoethylation na hidrojeniation, zishobora guhindurwamo diamine. Diamine zikomeza zikorerwa cyanoethylation na hidrojeniation kugira ngo zikore triamines, zishobora guhindurwamo tetramines binyuze mu kongera cyanoethylation na hidrojeniation.
Imikoreshereze ya Amines zirimo ibinure
Amine z'ibanze zikoreshwa nk'ibintu bigabanya ingese, amavuta yo kwisiga, ibintu bikuraho ifumbire, ibintu bigabanya amavuta, ibintu bigabanya ibara ry'uruhu, ibintu bigabanya ubushyuhe, ibintu bigabanya ifumbire, ibintu bigabanya ifumbire, ibintu bigabanya ifumbire, ibintu bigabanya amavuta ya moteri, ibintu bigabanya ifumbire, ibintu bigabanya ifumbire, ibintu bigabanya ifumbire, ibintu bigabanya ihindagurika ry'ikirere ... n'ibindi.
Amine z’ibanze zifite karubone nyinshi, nka octadecylamine, zikora nk'ibintu bisohora ibumba ku ifuro rikomeye rya rubber na polyurethane. Dodecylamine ikoreshwa mu kuvugurura rubber karemano n’izikozwe mu buryo bwa sintetike, nk'ikintu gifasha mu gukurura ibumba mu bisubizo bya tin-plate, no mu gutuma isomaltose ikora ibintu bikomoka kuri malt. Oylamine ikoreshwa nk'inyongera ya mazutu.
Gukora imiti ya Cationic Surfactants
Amine z'ibanze n'umunyu wazo bikora nk'ibintu bifasha mu kuzenguruka kw'amabuye y'agaciro, ibintu birwanya gufunga ifumbire cyangwa ibisasu, ibintu bifasha mu kwirinda amazi ku mpapuro, ibintu bibuza ingese, ibintu bitera amavuta, ibintu bihumanya ikirere mu nganda za peteroli, ibintu bifasha mu gusukura lisansi n'amavuta, ibintu bikoresha ikoranabuhanga mu gusukura, ibintu bifasha mu gukurura, no mu gukora ibumba ry'ibimera n'ibindi bikoreshwa mu gutunganya irangi. Binakoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi no mu gushushanya. Amine z'ibanze zishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibintu bifasha mu gukurura asphalt ya quaternary ammonium salt-type, bikoreshwa cyane mu kubaka no kubungabunga imihanda yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, kugabanya imbaraga z'abakozi no kongera igihe cyo kubaho kw'umuhanda.
Gukora Surfactants Zidafite Ionic
Imisemburo y’ibinure by’ibanze birimo ethylene oxide ikoreshwa cyane cyane nk’ibintu birwanya static mu nganda za pulasitiki. Amine za ethoxylated, kubera ko zidashonga muri pulasitiki, zijya hejuru, aho zifata ubushuhe bwo mu kirere, bigatuma ubuso bwa pulasitiki burwanya static.
Gukora Amphoteric Surfactants
Dodecylamine ihura na methyl acrylate hanyuma igakora saponification no neutralization kugira ngo itange N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Izi surfactants zirangwa n'amazi yazo y'umukara cyangwa adafite ibara, gushonga cyane mu mazi cyangwa ethanol, kubora, kwihanganira amazi akomeye, kurakara gake k'uruhu, ndetse n'uburozi buke. Ikoreshwa ririmo ibintu bitera ifuro, emulsifiers, anticorrosives, sabuni y'amazi, shampoos, conditioner, softeners, na antistatic agents.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-20-2025