Amine yibinure niki, nibisabwa

Amine yibinure bivuga icyiciro kinini cyibinyabuzima kama amine hamwe nuburebure bwa karubone kuva kuri C8 kugeza C22. Kimwe na amine rusange, yashyizwe mubwoko bune bwingenzi: amine yibanze, amine yisumbuye, amine ya kaminuza, na polyamine. Itandukaniro hagati ya amine yibanze, ayisumbuye, na kaminuza biterwa numubare wa atome ya hydrogen muri ammonia isimburwa nitsinda rya alkyl.

Amine yibinure ni organic organique ya ammonia. Amine ngufi-amine (C8-10) yerekana imbaraga zamazi mumazi, mugihe amine maremare maremare adashobora gushonga mumazi kandi abaho nkamazi cyangwa ibishishwa mubushyuhe bwicyumba. Bafite ibintu byibanze kandi nkibishingiro kama, birashobora kurakaza no kubora uruhu nuruhu.

Byibanze byakozwe hifashishijwe reaction ya alcool ibinure hamwe na dimethylamine kugirango itange amine monoalkyldimethyl tertiary amine, reaction ya alcool yibinure hamwe na monomethylamine kugirango ikore amine ya dialkylmethyl, hamwe na alcool yibinure hamwe na ammonia kugirango itange amine trialkyl.

Inzira itangirana na reaction ya acide acide na ammonia kugirango itange nitrile zibyibushye, hanyuma bigahinduka hydrogène kugirango bitange amine yibanze cyangwa yisumbuye. Aminine yibanze cyangwa yisumbuye amara hydrogendimethylation kugirango akore amine ya kaminuza. Amine yibanze, nyuma ya cyanoethylation na hydrogenation, irashobora guhinduka diamine. Diyama ikomeza guhura na cyanoethylation na hydrogenation kugirango itange triamine, ishobora noneho guhinduka tetramine binyuze muri cyanoethylation hamwe na hydrogenation.

Porogaramu ya Amine Amavuta

Amine y'ibanze akoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byangiza ruswa, amavuta, ibikoresho bisohora amavuta, inyongeramusaruro zamavuta, inyongeramusaruro zitunganya pigment, umubyimba, imiti yangiza, ifumbire mvaruganda, ifumbire mvaruganda, ifumbire mvaruganda irwanya kake, imiti ibumba, ibikoresho bya flotation, ibikoresho byo kwisiga, hydrophobique, amavuta yangiza, ibishashara byinshi.

Amine yuzuye ya karubone yibanze, nka octadecylamine, ikora nk'ibikoresho byo kurekura ibishishwa bya reberi ikomeye na polyurethane. Dodecylamine ikoreshwa muguhindura reberi karemano na sintetike, nkibishobora gukoreshwa mubisubizo bya tin-plaque chimique, no muguhindura isomaltose kugirango isubiremo ibikomoka kuri malt. Oleylamine ikoreshwa nk'inyongera ya mazutu.

Umusaruro wa Surfactants

Amine yibanze hamwe nu munyu wabyo bikora nkibikoresho byiza byo guhinduranya amabuye, imiti igabanya ubukana bwifumbire cyangwa ibisasu, imiti itangiza amazi, imiti yangiza ruswa, ibyongeramo amavuta, biocide munganda zikomoka kuri peteroli, inyongeramusaruro za lisansi na lisansi, ibikoresho byogusukura ibikoresho bya elegitoronike, emulisiferi, hamwe no gukora ibumba ryangiza umubiri. Zikoreshwa kandi mugutunganya amazi kandi nkibikoresho byo kubumba. Amine y'ibanze arashobora gukoreshwa kugirango habeho amata ya ammonium yo mu bwoko bwa asfalt emulisiferi ikoreshwa cyane mu kubaka no gufata neza imihanda yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, kugabanya ubukana bw'abakozi no kongera igihe cya kaburimbo.

Umusaruro wa Nonionic Surfactants

Inyongeramusaruro za amine yibanze hamwe na okiside ya Ethylene ikoreshwa cyane cyane nka antistatike munganda za plastiki. Amine ya Ethoxylated, kuba idashobora gukomera muri plastiki, yimukira hejuru, aho ikurura ubushuhe bwikirere, bigatuma plastike irwanya antistatike.

Umusaruro wa Amphoteric Surfactants

Dodecylamine ifata methyl acrylate kandi ikorerwa saponifisation no kutabogama kugirango itange N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Izi surfactants zirangwa nibisubizo byamazi yumucyo cyangwa ibara ridafite umucyo, gukemura cyane mumazi cyangwa Ethanol, ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika, kwihanganira amazi akomeye, kurakara uruhu ruto, nuburozi buke. Mubisabwa harimo ibibyimba byinshi, emulisiferi, inhibitori ya ruswa, ibikoresho byamazi, shampo, kogosha umusatsi, koroshya ibintu, hamwe na antistatike.